CRITICAL NEUROPROTECTIVE ROLE OF CAVEOLINS IN THE RETINAL GANGLION CELLS

CRITICAL NEUROPROTECTIVE ROLE OF CAVEOLINS IN THE RETINAL GANGLION CELL

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PRESSURE AND INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE AND PULSE WAVEFORM IN RATS

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PRESSURE AND INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE AND PULSE WAVEFORM IN RAT

Histological changes in V1.

<p>(A) Representative sections (Nissl staining) of V1 from a rat sacrificed at month 1. (B) Changes in the cell density in layer IV of V1 from week 1 to month 2. (C) Changes in the cell size in layer IV of V1 from week 1 to month 2. (n = 3 for each time point; n = 2 for the sham control). Error bars represent SEM.</p

Histological changes in the dLGN.

<p>(A) Representative sections (Nissl staining) of the dLGN at month 1 after optic nerve transection. (B) Changes in the cell density in the dLGN from week 1 to month 2. (C) Changes in the cell size (cross-sectional area) in the dLGN from week 1 to month 2. (n = 3 for each time point; n = 2 for the sham control). Error bars represent SEM. dLGN: dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus; vLGN: ventral lateral geniculate nucleus; LPLR: lateral posterior thalamus nucleus, laterorostral part; fi: fimbria of the hippocampus; CA2: field CA2 of the hippocampus; CA3: field CA2 of the hippocampus; Co: cortex.</p

Western blots show the expression of pAkt/Akt in the dLGN and V1 from week 1 to month 2 (n = 3 for each time point, n = 2 for the sham).

<p>Actin was used as the loading control. Error bars represent SEM. (A) 1 week; (B) 1 month; (C) 2 months; (D) Sham.</p

Immunostaining of layer IV of V1 using Caspase 3/NeuN and Caspase 3/GFAP antibodies.

<p>(A) Double staining of Caspase 3 and NeuN. Arrows indicate apoptotic neurons. (B) Double staining of Caspase 3 and GFAP. Arrows indicate apoptotic glial cells. (C) Co-localisation of Caspase 3/NeuN and Caspase 3/GFAP in individual cells.</p

Apoptotic changes in V1.

<p>(A) Representative TUNEL staining of layer IV of V1 on month 1. (B) Density of TUNEL positive cells in layer IV of V1 from week 1 to month 2. (n = 3 for each time point; n = 2 for the sham control). Error bars represent SEM.</p

Immunostaining of the dLGN using Caspase 3/NeuN and Caspase 3/GFAP antibodies.

<p>Both NeuN –positive neurons and GFAP-positive glial cells undergo apoptosis in the dLGN. (A) Double staining of Caspase 3 and NeuN. Arrows indicate apoptotic neurons. (B) Double staining of Caspase 3 and GFAP. Arrows indicate apoptotic glial cells. (C) High magnification of the confocal microscope shows co-localisation of Caspase 3/NeuN and Caspase 3/GFAP in individual cells.</p

7,8 DIHYDROXYFLAVONE PROTECTS RETINAL GANGLION CELLS AGAINST EXCITOTOXIC AND OXIDATIVE STRESS

7,8 DIHYDROXYFLAVONE PROTECTS RETINAL GANGLION CELLS AGAINST EXCITOTOXIC AND OXIDATIVE STRES

Apoptotic changes in dLGN.

<p>(A) Representative TUNEL staining of the dLGN on month 1. (B) A plot of density of TUNEL positive cells in the dLGN from week 1 to month 2. (n = 3 for each time point; n = 2 for the sham control). Error bars represent SEM.</p