Physiological responses and antibiotic-degradation capacity of duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis) exposed to streptomycin

Aquatic plants are constantly exposed to various water environmental pollutants. Few data on how antibiotics affect duckweed health and its removal ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of streptomycin on the physiological change and uptake capability in duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis) after exposure at different time points (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days). Duckweeds were exposed to streptomycin at a range of concentrations (0.1-10 mM). Results indicated that the high streptomycin concentrations (≥1 mM) resulted in a lower duckweed biomass (21.5-41.5%), RGR (0.258-0.336 g d−1), decrease in total Chl and increase in carotenoids. Antioxidative enzymes, including CAT (18-42.88 U mg protein-1), APX (0.41-0.76 U mg protein-1), and SOD (0.52-0.71 U mg protein-1) were found to accumulate in the streptomycin groups in comparison to the control group. The significant reduction (72-82%) in streptomycin content at 20 d compared to the control (40-55%) suggested that duckweed has a high ability in removing streptomycin. Transcriptome analysis showed that the secondary metabolic pathways including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis were significantly upregulated in the streptomycin setup compared to the control. Therefore, our findings suggested that duckweed can contribute to the streptomycin degradation, which should be highly recommended to the treatment of aquaculture wastewater and domestic sewage

Study on Sustainable Development of China’s New Energy Industry under the Background of Carbon Neutrality

The latest McKenzie Global Energy Outlook predicts that by 2030, new energy prices will be lower than existing coal and natural gas prices in most regions; by 2035, new energy sources (solar energy and wind energy) will account for more than 50% of the world’s electricity generation. The global new energy industry will continue to accelerate in the future after years of its rapid development. Compared to the past, China’s new energy industry has become an important industry leader instead of industry followers a decade ago. However, under the past achievements and carbon neutral constraints, China’s new energy industry still needs to be strengthened and completed in the policies and regulations, absorption mechanism, technical research and development to promote the sustainable development of China’s new energy industry

Transcriptome analysis of yellow passion fruit in response to cucumber mosaic virus infection.

The cultivation and production of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) are severely affected by viral disease. Yet there have been few studies of the molecular response of passion fruit to virus attack. In the present study, RNA-based transcriptional profiling (RNA-seq) was used to identify the gene expression profiles in yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) leaves following inoculation with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Six RNA-seq libraries were constructed comprising a total of 42.23 Gb clean data. 1,545 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained (701 upregulated and 884 downregulated). Gene annotation analyses revealed that genes associated with plant hormone signal transduction, transcription factors, protein ubiquitination, detoxification, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism were significantly affected by CMV infection. The represented genes activated by CMV infection corresponded to transcription factors WRKY family, NAC family, protein ubiquitination and peroxidase. Several DEGs encoding protein TIFY, pathogenesis-related proteins, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerases also were upregualted by CMV infection. Overall, the information obtained in this study enriched the resources available for research into the molecular-genetic mechanisms of the passion fruit/CMV interaction, and might provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and management of passion fruit viral disease in the field

Table_2_Physiological responses and antibiotic-degradation capacity of duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis) exposed to streptomycin.docx

Aquatic plants are constantly exposed to various water environmental pollutants. Few data on how antibiotics affect duckweed health and its removal ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of streptomycin on the physiological change and uptake capability in duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis) after exposure at different time points (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days). Duckweeds were exposed to streptomycin at a range of concentrations (0.1-10 mM). Results indicated that the high streptomycin concentrations (≥1 mM) resulted in a lower duckweed biomass (21.5-41.5%), RGR (0.258-0.336 g d−1), decrease in total Chl and increase in carotenoids. Antioxidative enzymes, including CAT (18-42.88 U mg protein-1), APX (0.41-0.76 U mg protein-1), and SOD (0.52-0.71 U mg protein-1) were found to accumulate in the streptomycin groups in comparison to the control group. The significant reduction (72-82%) in streptomycin content at 20 d compared to the control (40-55%) suggested that duckweed has a high ability in removing streptomycin. Transcriptome analysis showed that the secondary metabolic pathways including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis were significantly upregulated in the streptomycin setup compared to the control. Therefore, our findings suggested that duckweed can contribute to the streptomycin degradation, which should be highly recommended to the treatment of aquaculture wastewater and domestic sewage.</p

Table_1_Physiological responses and antibiotic-degradation capacity of duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis) exposed to streptomycin.xlsx

Aquatic plants are constantly exposed to various water environmental pollutants. Few data on how antibiotics affect duckweed health and its removal ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of streptomycin on the physiological change and uptake capability in duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis) after exposure at different time points (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days). Duckweeds were exposed to streptomycin at a range of concentrations (0.1-10 mM). Results indicated that the high streptomycin concentrations (≥1 mM) resulted in a lower duckweed biomass (21.5-41.5%), RGR (0.258-0.336 g d−1), decrease in total Chl and increase in carotenoids. Antioxidative enzymes, including CAT (18-42.88 U mg protein-1), APX (0.41-0.76 U mg protein-1), and SOD (0.52-0.71 U mg protein-1) were found to accumulate in the streptomycin groups in comparison to the control group. The significant reduction (72-82%) in streptomycin content at 20 d compared to the control (40-55%) suggested that duckweed has a high ability in removing streptomycin. Transcriptome analysis showed that the secondary metabolic pathways including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis were significantly upregulated in the streptomycin setup compared to the control. Therefore, our findings suggested that duckweed can contribute to the streptomycin degradation, which should be highly recommended to the treatment of aquaculture wastewater and domestic sewage.</p

Effects of Steam Explosion on Bagasse Specific Surface Area and Grafting Degree of Acrylamide-Grafted Bagasse

The effect of steam explosion pretreatment conditions, such as steam explosion pressure, maintained pressure time, and bagasse water content, on bagasse specific surface area were investigated through single-factor experiments. After determining the optimal pretreatment conditions, bagasse graft acrylamide was prepared by grafting polymerization reaction of the acrylamide monomer onto the pretreated bagasse. The effects of surface area on the grafting degree were analyzed. Results showed that the grafting degree increased with increasing specific surface area. The optimized steam explosion pretreatment conditions were as follows: steam explosion pressure, 2.0 MPa; pressure maintaining time, 60 s; and bagasse water content, 25%

Evaluation and Correlation Analysis of Soil Nutrients and Chemical Constituents of Tobacco Leaves in Meizhou Tobacco Production Area of Guangdong

【Objective】The study aims to explore the traits and their correlation of soil and chemical constituents of tobacco leaves in Meizhou tobacco production area of Guangdong, and explore the key soil factors affecting the chemical quality of tobacco leaves.【Method】48 tobacco-planting soil and the corresponding middle and upper flue-cured tobacco leaves were collected to analysis the traits of soil and chemical constituents of tobacco leaves. Stepwise regression analysis was used to explore the key soil factors influencing the chemical constituents of tobacco leaves.【Result】In the tobacco-growing soil of Meizhou tobacco production area of Guangdong, the proportion of low soil pH value accounts for 64.58%, the content of organic matter (SOM) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) are rich, the appropriate proportion of total nitrogen (TN) content accounts for 68.75%, the rich and extremely rich proportion of total phosphorus (TP) content accounts for 70.83%, the deficient and extremely deficient proportion of total potassium (TK) content accounts for 68.75%, and the rich and extremely rich proportion of available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) account for 97.92%, 91.76% and 79.17%, respectively. The content of total sugar, starch and sugar alkali ratio in the middle tobacco leaves were higher, accounting for 91.67%, 100% and 66.67% respectively; the content of total sugar, reducing sugar and starch in the upper tobacco leaves were higher, accounting for 87.50%, 75.00%, 100% and 56.25% respectively; the content of nicotine was lower, accounting for 47.92%. The results of principal component analysis showed that sugar alkali ratio, total nitrogen, nicotine, total sugar and reducing sugar content were the main indicators for evaluating the chemical constituents of middle tobacco leaves, and reducing sugar, sugar alkali ratio, total sugar and nicotine were the main indicators for evaluating the chemical constituents of upper tobacco leaves. Comprehensive chemical quality of middle tobacco leaves was positively correlated with soil AK content, nicotine content in middle tobacco leaves is negatively correlated with soil AK content, the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and starch in middle tobacco leaves and starch in upper tobacco leaves are negatively correlated with the content of soil WSOC, the content of reducing sugar in upper tobacco leaves is positively correlated with soil AP; the comprehensive chemical quality of upper tobacco leaves was negatively correlated with soil AP content, and positively correlated with soil AK content and pH value.【Conclusion】Improving the soil pH value, AK and WSOC content and reducing the AP content in soil is beneficial to improve the quality of Meizhou tobacco leaves