High‑<i>T</i>_<i>c</i> Ferromagnetic Semiconductor in Thinned 3D Ising Ferromagnetic Metal Fe₃GaTe₂

Emergent phenomena in exfoliated layered transition metal compounds have attracted much attention in the past several years. Especially, pursuing a ferromagnetic insulator is one of the exciting goals for stimulating a high-performance magnetoelectrical device. Here, we report the transition from a metallic to high-Tc semiconductor-like ferromagnet in thinned Fe3GaTe2, accompanied with competition among various magnetic interactions. As evidenced by critical exponents, Fe3GaTe2 is the first layered ferromagnet described by a 3D Ising model coupled with long-range interactions. An extra magnetic phase from competition between ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism emerges at a low field below Tc. Upon reducing thickness, the Curie temperature (Tc) monotonically decreases from 342 K for bulk to 200 K for 1–3 nm flakes, which is the highest Tc reported as far as we know. Furthermore, a semiconductor-like behavior has been observed in such 1–3 nm flakes. Our results highlight the importance of Fe3GaTe2 in searching for ferromagnetic insulators, which may benefit spintronic device fabrication

Highly-Efficient Dendritic Cable Electrodes for Flexible Supercapacitive Fabric

In the search for clothlike wearable energy-storage devices with both high energy density and high power density, metal fibers surrounded by micro metal dendrites, as current collectors, are either rooted inside a thick layer of carbon particles or wrapped with flowerlike nano NiO in a similar manner to the root or stem system of natural plants, to form dendritic cablelike negative or positive electrodes. These dendritic cable electrodes could be further combined or woven into flexible solid-type supercapacitive garland or fabric, together with cotton wires. Benefiting from the ultra large interface of the metal dendrites current collector, it can be charged up to 1.8 V, and give an energy density of 0.1408 mWh cm^–2 and a power density of 3.01 mW cm^–2, which is capable of directly starting a small electric car with a short and flexible piece of supercapacitor

Rumen Bacterial Diversity of 80 to 110-Day-Old Goats Using 16S rRNA Sequencing

<div><p>The ability of rumen microorganisms to use fibrous plant matter plays an important role in ruminant animals; however, little information about rumen colonization by microbial populations after weaning has been reported. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the establishment of this microbial population in 80 to 110-day-old goats. Illumina sequencing of goat rumen samples yielded 101,356,610 nucleotides that were assembled into 256,868 reads with an average read length of 394 nucleotides. Taxonomic analysis of metagenomic reads indicated that the predominant phyla were distinct at different growth stages. The phyla Firmicutes and Synergistetes were predominant in samples taken from 80 to 100-day-old goats, but Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes became the most abundant phyla in samples from 110-day-old animals. There was a remarkable variation in the microbial populations with age; Firmicutes and Synergistetes decreased after weaning, but Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria increased from 80 to 110 day of age. These findings suggested that colonization of the rumen by microorganisms is related to their function in the rumen digestive system. These results give a better understanding of the role of rumen microbes and the establishment of the microbial population, which help to maintain the host’s health and improve animal performance.</p></div

Genera-level composition of the rumen microbiome.

<p>A color-coded bar plot showing the average bacterial genera distribution across the different age groups that were sampled.</p

Diversity estimation of the 16S rRNA gene libraries of the rumen of goats from the sequencing analysis^a.

<p>^a The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were defined with 3% dissimilarity. The richness estimators (ACE and Chao) and diversity indices (Shannon and Simpson) were calculated.</p><p>^b The 80-day-old group samples included goats 21, 22 and 23; the 90-day-old group samples included goats 31, 32 and 33; the 100-day-old group samples included goats 41, 42 and 43; the 110-day-old group samples included goats 51, 52 and 53.</p><p>Diversity estimation of the 16S rRNA gene libraries of the rumen of goats from the sequencing analysis<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0117811#t001fn001" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

Rarefaction analysis of the different samples.

<p>Rarefaction curves of OTUs clustered at 97% sequence identity across different samples.</p

A heat map of the rumen microbiome composition at the species level.

<p>The heat map indicates the relative percentage of each genera for the different age groups sampled.</p

Temporal changes in the relative abundance (% reads) of (A) the most dominant phylum and (B) the most dominant genera in the rumen microbial community of goats with age.

<p>Error bars represent the SD of three samples. Boxes with a different letter above the error bars are significantly different at P<0.05 or P<0.1 (Firmicutes) by <i>t</i>-test analyses.</p

The relative abundance (%) of cellulose-degrading bacteria in different age groups of goats.

<p>The relative abundance (%) of cellulose-degrading bacteria in different age groups of goats.</p

Additional file 1 of Integrated lipidomics and network pharmacology analysis to reveal the mechanisms of berberine in the treatment of hyperlipidemia

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The changes in body weight by HFD and BBR treatment. Compared with NFD group, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001; Compared with HFD group, #p<0.05, ##p<0.01). Data are presented as mean ± SD (n=6). Fig. S2. The levels of TC and TG in the serum of LDLR-deficient hyperlipidemic hamsters by HFD and BBR treatment. Compared with L-NFD group, *p<0.05, **p<0.01; Compared with L-HFD group, #p<0.05)