28 research outputs found
DTPP: Differentiable Joint Conditional Prediction and Cost Evaluation for Tree Policy Planning in Autonomous Driving
Motion prediction and cost evaluation are vital components in the
decision-making system of autonomous vehicles. However, existing methods often
ignore the importance of cost learning and treat them as separate modules. In
this study, we employ a tree-structured policy planner and propose a
differentiable joint training framework for both ego-conditioned prediction and
cost models, resulting in a direct improvement of the final planning
performance. For conditional prediction, we introduce a query-centric
Transformer model that performs efficient ego-conditioned motion prediction.
For planning cost, we propose a learnable context-aware cost function with
latent interaction features, facilitating differentiable joint learning. We
validate our proposed approach using the real-world nuPlan dataset and its
associated planning test platform. Our framework not only matches
state-of-the-art planning methods but outperforms other learning-based methods
in planning quality, while operating more efficiently in terms of runtime. We
show that joint training delivers significantly better performance than
separate training of the two modules. Additionally, we find that
tree-structured policy planning outperforms the conventional single-stage
planning approach
Silicon-Encapsulated Hollow Carbon Nanofiber Networks as Binder-Free Anodes for Lithium Ion Battery
Silicon-encapsulated hollow carbon nanofiber networks with ample space around the Si nanoparticles (hollow Si/C composites) were successfully synthesized by dip-coating phenolic resin onto the surface of electrospun Si/PVA nanofibers along with the subsequent solidification and carbonization. More importantly, the structure and Si content of hollow Si/C composite nanofibers can be effectively tuned by merely varying the concentration of dip solution. As-synthesized hollow Si/C composites show excellent electrochemical performance when they are used as binder-free anodes for Li-ion batteries (LIBs). In particular, when the concentration of resol/ethanol solution is 3.0%, the product exhibits a large capacity of 841 mAh g−1 in the first cycle, prominent cycling stability, and good rate capability. The discharge capacity retention of it was ~90%, with 745 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles. The results demonstrate that the hollow Si/C composites are very promising as alternative anode candidates for high-performance LIBs
A Matching Pursuit-Based Method for Cross-Term Suppression in WVD and its Application to the ENPEMF
Magneto-optical effects in lead halide perovskites
ABSTRACTLead halide perovskites have emerged as promising semiconductors for high-performance photovoltaics, light-emitting devices as well as quantum information technologies. In this review, we highlight the magneto-optical effects in these materials from both fundamental research and practical application perspectives. We summarize the experimental results measured for basic physical quantities and the assignment of various spectral peaks using the magneto-optical spectroscopy. These results provide a solid foundation underlying the excellent photo-electronic properties of lead halide perovskites. Additionally, we provide an overview of carrier spin precession and its hyperfine interaction with the nuclear spin bath in response to the applied magnetic field, which is essential for developing perovskite-based spintronic devices. We also illustrate the magnetic-field effects in optoelectronic devices, aiming at providing instructions for performance optimization. Finally, we discuss several challenging research directions towards a comprehensive understanding of the perovskite family and their potential applications in quantum physics, which might be accessed with the magneto-optical techniques. Overall, this review highlights the intriguing possibilities for lead halide perovskites in magneto-optical research and technology, and provides insights for future investigations to advance this promising field
Target identification of baicalein derivative using DNA-programmed photoaffinity labeling
The natural product baicalein derivative baicalein-8-sulfonic acid (BaSO3H) showed significant inhibitory effects on hepatocarcinoma cells viabilities and colony formation, but its molecular target(s) and mechanism were still not clearly elucidated. Using a DNA-programmed photoaffinity labeling method, we identified 12 targets that specifically bound with BaSO3H. Among these, BaSO3H bound with c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK2) at an affinity of 33.1Â nM (Kd) to induce apoptosis and autophagy in hepatocarcinoma cells
Preparation and structural properties of amylose complexes with quercetin and their preliminary evaluation in delivery application
Image_2_Influence of weeding methods on rhizosphere soil and root endophytic microbial communities in tea plants.JPEG
IntroductionPolyethylene mulch is a kind of inorganic mulch widely used in agriculture. The effects of plastic mulch debris on the structure of plant soil and root growth have been fully studied, but their effects on endophytic microbial communities have not been explored to a large extent.MethodsIn this study, High-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS region sequences were used to analyze microbial community structure and composition in rhizosphere soil and root endophytic of tea plant under three different weeding methods: polyethylene mulching, hand weeding and no weeding (CK).ResultsThe results showed that the weeding methods had no significant effect on the rhizosphere and root endophytic microbial abundance, but the rhizosphere bacterial structure covered by polyethylene mulch was significantly different than hand weeding and CK. The rhizosphere fungal diversity was also significantly higher than the other two analyzed treatments. The community abundance of rhizosphere microorganisms Acidobacteria, Candidatus Rokubacteria and Aspergillus covered by polyethylene mulch decreased significantly, whereas Bradyrhizobium, Solirubrobacterales and Alphaproteobacteria increased significantly. The abundance of bacteria Ktedonobacter, Reticulibacter, Ktedonosporobacter and Dictyobacter communities covered by polyethylene mulch was significantly changed, and the abundance of Fusarium and Nitrobacteraceae was significantly increased. Rhizosphere dominant bacteria were negatively correlated with soil available nitrogen content, while dominant fungi were significantly correlated with soil pH, total nitrogen and total potassium.DiscussionPolyethylene mulch forms an independent micro-ecological environment. At the same time, the soil nutrient environment was enriched by affecting the nitrogen cycle, and the composition of microbial community was affected. This study elucidated the effects of polyethylene mulch on soil microbial community in tea garden and provided a new theoretical understanding for weed management.</p
Image_1_Influence of weeding methods on rhizosphere soil and root endophytic microbial communities in tea plants.JPEG
IntroductionPolyethylene mulch is a kind of inorganic mulch widely used in agriculture. The effects of plastic mulch debris on the structure of plant soil and root growth have been fully studied, but their effects on endophytic microbial communities have not been explored to a large extent.MethodsIn this study, High-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS region sequences were used to analyze microbial community structure and composition in rhizosphere soil and root endophytic of tea plant under three different weeding methods: polyethylene mulching, hand weeding and no weeding (CK).ResultsThe results showed that the weeding methods had no significant effect on the rhizosphere and root endophytic microbial abundance, but the rhizosphere bacterial structure covered by polyethylene mulch was significantly different than hand weeding and CK. The rhizosphere fungal diversity was also significantly higher than the other two analyzed treatments. The community abundance of rhizosphere microorganisms Acidobacteria, Candidatus Rokubacteria and Aspergillus covered by polyethylene mulch decreased significantly, whereas Bradyrhizobium, Solirubrobacterales and Alphaproteobacteria increased significantly. The abundance of bacteria Ktedonobacter, Reticulibacter, Ktedonosporobacter and Dictyobacter communities covered by polyethylene mulch was significantly changed, and the abundance of Fusarium and Nitrobacteraceae was significantly increased. Rhizosphere dominant bacteria were negatively correlated with soil available nitrogen content, while dominant fungi were significantly correlated with soil pH, total nitrogen and total potassium.DiscussionPolyethylene mulch forms an independent micro-ecological environment. At the same time, the soil nutrient environment was enriched by affecting the nitrogen cycle, and the composition of microbial community was affected. This study elucidated the effects of polyethylene mulch on soil microbial community in tea garden and provided a new theoretical understanding for weed management.</p