A Numerical Scheme Based on Semi-Static Hedging Strategy

In the present paper, we introduce a numerical scheme for the price of a barrier option when the price of the underlying follows a diffusion process. The numerical scheme is based on an extension of a static hedging formula of barrier options. For getting the static hedging formula, the underlying process needs to have a symmetry. We introduce a way to "symmetrize" a given diffusion process. Then the pricing of a barrier option is reduced to that of plain options under the symmetrized process. To show how our symmetrization scheme works, we will present some numerical results applying (path-independent) Euler-Maruyama approximation to our scheme, comparing them with the path-dependent Euler-Maruyama scheme when the model is of the Black-Scholes, CEV, Heston, and $(\lambda)$-SABR, respectively. The results show the effectiveness of our scheme

Controlling Output Length in Neural Encoder-Decoders

Neural encoder-decoder models have shown great success in many sequence generation tasks. However, previous work has not investigated situations in which we would like to control the length of encoder-decoder outputs. This capability is crucial for applications such as text summarization, in which we have to generate concise summaries with a desired length. In this paper, we propose methods for controlling the output sequence length for neural encoder-decoder models: two decoding-based methods and two learning-based methods. Results show that our learning-based methods have the capability to control length without degrading summary quality in a summarization task.Comment: 11 pages. To appear in EMNLP 201

Assignments of Bending Vibrations of Ammonia Adsorbed on Solid Surfaces

Bending vibrations in the infrared (IR) spectra of ammonia adsorbed on Lewis acidic metal oxides, i.e., Al2O3, ZrO2 and TiO2, and zeolite were analyzed with an aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results by DFT methods reveal the wavenumbers of the vibration modes (ν4 and ν2) of NH4 bonded to Brønsted acid site and the vibration modes (δs and δd) of NH3 species coordinated to a Lewis acidic metal center (M = Al, Zr or Ti). The wavenumbers calculated based on DFT were reasonably in agreement with the experimentally observed values. The estimation of wavenumbers suggests that the δs vibration of NH3 hydrogen-bonded is invisible on a zeolite, because it is hidden by an intense absorption due to skeletal vibration. On the other hand, multiple bands of asymmetric bending modes (δd and ν2) observed on a zeolite were assigned. A quantification method of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites, and hydrogen-bonded NH3 is provided based on the peak assignments

Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading Meets Blockchain: Consensus via Score-Based Bid Assignment

The demand for peer-to-peer energy trading (P2PET) grows alongside the advancement of smart grids. A P2PET system enables its peers to trade energy as in a double-sided auction market by issuing auction bids to buy or sell energy. A robust public ledger, that satisfies the standard properties of persistence and liveness, is necessary for the system to record trading agreements, i.e., combinations between buy and sell bids which would form a \emph{transaction}. The Bitcoin based blockchain satisfies such properties as proven in the backbone protocol (EuroCrypt\u2715). However, existing blockchain-based P2PET approaches rely on general-purpose blockchains with smart contract capabilities, unavoidably incurring in high operational costs. Therefore, this work intends to design a dedicated blockchain for the ledger of P2PET. We first revisit the blockchain data structure to support auction bids. Then, we abstract the process of forming transactions, i.e., matching bids, with a score-based many-to-many Bid Assignment Problem (BAP). Leveraging our proposed BAP in addition to the corresponding scoring function, we propose a ``proof-of\u27\u27 scheme, namely Proof-of-Bid-Assignment (PoBA), and design the corresponding blockchain aided protocol. The key difference from any previous work, we are aware of, is that our protocol selects blocks according to the score of their content, i.e., bids and transactions. Hence, a higher-scored block would be preferable to the underlying P2PET system regardless of whether the block\u27s generator is honest, since, intuitively, it would increase the number of trading agreements. Finally, by modeling PoBA with a universal sampler (AsiaCrypt\u2716) and analyzing honest users\u27 local chain dynamics, we prove the security of our design with respect to the standard ledger properties

Design Concept of Horyu-V - The Space Environment Explorer

Horyu-V, the Space Environment Explorer is a scientific satellite developed for the purpose of gathering detailed measurements about the space environment effects on satellite systems. Horyu-V project involves students of the Kyushu Institute of Technology. It allowed a multi-cultural environment and an excellent tool for education. The students are responsible for the design, assembly, integration, test of the satellite, and augmentation of the existing ground segment facility for the operation of the satellite. It will enhance capacity building for the students, and scientific research components for upcoming studies

Intermediate-luminosity Type IIP SN 2021gmj: a low-energy explosion with signatures of circumstellar material

We present photometric, spectroscopic and polarimetric observations of the intermediate-luminosity Type IIP supernova (SN) 2021gmj from 1 to 386 days after the explosion. The peak absolute V-band magnitude of SN 2021gmj is -15.5 mag, which is fainter than that of normal Type IIP SNe. The spectral evolution of SN 2021gmj resembles that of other sub-luminous supernovae: the optical spectra show narrow P-Cygni profiles, indicating a low expansion velocity. We estimate the progenitor mass to be about 12 Msun from the nebular spectrum and the 56Ni mass to be about 0.02 Msun from the bolometric light curve. We also derive the explosion energy to be about 3 x 10^{50} erg by comparing numerical light curve models with the observed light curves. Polarization in the plateau phase is not very large, suggesting nearly spherical outer envelope. The early photometric observations capture the rapid rise of the light curve, which is likely due to the interaction with a circumstellar material (CSM). The broad emission feature formed by highly-ionized lines on top of a blue continuum in the earliest spectrum gives further indication of the CSM at the vicinity of the progenitor. Our work suggests that a relatively low-mass progenitor of an intermediate-luminosity Type IIP SN can also experience an enhanced mass loss just before the explosion, as suggested for normal Type IIP SNe.Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures, resubmitted to MNRAS after addressing referee comment

Comprehensive autoantibody profiling in systemic autoimmunity by a highly-sensitive multiplex protein array

Comprehensive autoantibody evaluation is essential for the management of autoimmune disorders. However, conventional methods suffer from poor sensitivity, low throughput, or limited availability. Here, using a proteome-wide human cDNA library, we developed a novel multiplex protein assay (autoantibody array assay; A-Cube) covering 65 antigens of 43 autoantibodies that are associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM). The performance of A-Cube was validated against immunoprecipitation and established enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Further, through an evaluation of serum samples from 357 SSc and 172 PM/DM patients, A-Cube meticulously illustrated a diverse autoantibody landscape in these diseases. The wide coverage and high sensitivity of A-Cube also allowed the overlap and correlation analysis between multiple autoantibodies. Lastly, reviewing the cases with distinct autoantibody profiles by A-Cube underscored the importance of thorough autoantibody detection. Together, these data highlighted the utility of A-Cube as well as the clinical relevance of autoantibody profiles in SSc and PM/DM