The type and number of the samples included in the study.

<p>VL: visceral leishmaniasis; CL: cutaneous leishmaniasis; CanL: canine leishmaniasis.</p

Phylogenetic tree based on the alignment of the amplified section of the ITS1 region of 42 Turkish <i>Leishmania</i> isolates and international reference strains (for <i>L. tropica</i> MHOM/IL/1990/LRC-L590 and MHOM/IL/1996/LRC-L691; for <i>L. major</i> MHOM/IL/2000/LRC-L779; <i>for L. infantum/chagasi</i> MHOM/XX/1999/LRC-L774).

<p>REF*: ITS1 sequences for <i>L. infantum</i> MHOM/TN/1980/IPT1; for <i>L. donovani</i> MHOM/IN/1980/DD8; for <i>L. major</i> MHOM/TM/1973/5ASKH were taken from Talmi-Frank et al. <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002205#pntd.0002205-TalmiFrank2" target="_blank">[47]</a> and included the tree. (VL: visceral isolates; CL: cutaneous isolates; CanL: dog isolates).</p

The working chart of the present study.

<p>1: Optimization; 2: Diagnosis; 3: Species identification.</p

The Turkey map showing the location and the number of samples in province level.

<p>The Turkey map showing the location and the number of samples in province level.</p

The representative figure of two peaks obtained in some samples.

<p>The representative figure of two peaks obtained in some samples.</p

Monthly density of Mediterranean vectors of <i>Leishmania infantum</i>, 2011–2013.

<p>Density values in Y axis represent the number of specimens of the indicated vector /light trap.</p

Relationship between latitude of sand fly collecting sites and type of density trend.

<p>1: mono-modal; 2: confluence of two density peaks; 3; bi-modal; 4; tri-modal. Each species is shown by a different color.</p

Agreement on key parameters by OWCL and NWCL clinical researchers.

<p>‘Standardized’ criteria are those as proposed in the reference paper Olliaro et al, 2013⁹; ‘updated’ criteria are those resulting from the consultation.</p

Relationship between the latitude of collecting sites and the last period of positive sand fly collection.

<p>Each species is shown by a different color.</p

Location of the sand fly collecting sites in the Mediterranean region.

<p>Location of the sand fly collecting sites in the Mediterranean region.</p