Lattice Boltzmann simulation of alumina-water nanofluid in a square cavity

A lattice Boltzmann model is developed by coupling the density (D2Q9) and the temperature distribution functions with 9-speed to simulate the convection heat transfer utilizing Al2O3-water nanofluids in a square cavity. This model is validated by comparing numerical simulation and experimental results over a wide range of Rayleigh numbers. Numerical results show a satisfactory agreement between them. The effects of Rayleigh number and nanoparticle volume fraction on natural convection heat transfer of nanofluid are investigated in this study. Numerical results indicate that the flow and heat transfer characteristics of Al2O3-water nanofluid in the square cavity are more sensitive to viscosity than to thermal conductivity

Age, Growth and Population Structure Analyses of the <i>Berryteuthis magister shevtsovi</i> in the Japan Sea by Statolith Microstructure

Berryteuthis magister shevtsovi is a new subspecies in the Japan Sea, and thus, little is known about its fisheries biology, especially age and population structure. Based on the 296 samples collected by the Chinese commercial jigging vessel in December 2018 in the Japan Sea. The age, growth, and population structure of B. magister shevtsovi were studied based on the microstructure of the statolith. The results indicated that the range of mantle length (ML) was 90–148 mm for females and 94–141 mm for males, the body weight (BW) ranged from 49 to 116 g and 38 to 110 g for females and males, and the ages were estimated from 52 to 166 days for females and 51 to 143 days for males, respectively. The hatching date extended from March to October, with a peak from July to September, suggesting the presence of one spawning group (summer–autumn group). The ANCOVA showed that there was no significant sex difference between the ML and BW growth; however, there was a significant difference between the sexes in the relationship between ML–age and BW–age. The relationship between the ML and BW was best described by the power function, the ML–age relationship of females was best described by linear function; the ML–age relationship of males and BW–age relationships of females and males were best described by the exponential function. B. magister shevtsovi is a high-growing squid, and the growth rate seemed to be high at the young life stage and decreased after the subadult stage (60–120 days older). This study provided basic information on the age, growth, and population structure of B. magister shevtsovi

Age, Growth and Population Structure Analyses of the Berryteuthis magister shevtsovi in the Japan Sea by Statolith Microstructure

Berryteuthis magister shevtsovi is a new subspecies in the Japan Sea, and thus, little is known about its fisheries biology, especially age and population structure. Based on the 296 samples collected by the Chinese commercial jigging vessel in December 2018 in the Japan Sea. The age, growth, and population structure of B. magister shevtsovi were studied based on the microstructure of the statolith. The results indicated that the range of mantle length (ML) was 90&ndash;148 mm for females and 94&ndash;141 mm for males, the body weight (BW) ranged from 49 to 116 g and 38 to 110 g for females and males, and the ages were estimated from 52 to 166 days for females and 51 to 143 days for males, respectively. The hatching date extended from March to October, with a peak from July to September, suggesting the presence of one spawning group (summer&ndash;autumn group). The ANCOVA showed that there was no significant sex difference between the ML and BW growth; however, there was a significant difference between the sexes in the relationship between ML&ndash;age and BW&ndash;age. The relationship between the ML and BW was best described by the power function, the ML&ndash;age relationship of females was best described by linear function; the ML&ndash;age relationship of males and BW&ndash;age relationships of females and males were best described by the exponential function. B. magister shevtsovi is a high-growing squid, and the growth rate seemed to be high at the young life stage and decreased after the subadult stage (60&ndash;120 days older). This study provided basic information on the age, growth, and population structure of B. magister shevtsovi