Approach to assessing the effects of the high-speed rail development: world experience and prospects for Russia

The transport industry is one of the key components of the Russian economy, not only generating a substantial amount of gross value added, but also ensuring the spatial connectivity of the country's territories. Acceleration of technological progress, introduction of new technologies in various industries require corresponding increase in cargo and passenger transportation, which implies speeding up the development of high-speed transportation, following the path most intensively developing countries took in the last decade. On the global scale, high-speed rail transport is confidently occupying a niche in the range of 400-800 km when organizing mass transportation and ensuring the shortest travel time. In Russia, high-speed rail service is just beginning to develop as part of the goals and objectives set forth in Presidential Decree No. 204 of May 7, 2018 and the Comprehensive Plan for the Modernization and Expansion of Mainline Infrastructure, the Program for organizing high-speed and high-speed rail service in the Russian Federation. At the same time, despite numerous studies of the quantitative effects of investment in transport infrastructure, the effects of high-speed rail service development have not been studied in practice in the domestic economic literature. This determines high relevance of such a study, as well as an assessment of the positive effects of the development of high-speed rail communication in Russia within the framework of scenario analysis. The purpose of the study is to develop an approach and conduct scenario assessments of the socio-economic effects of the development of high-speed railway communication in Russia. Main goals: a review of approaches to assessing the effects of HSR, analysis of strategic plans for the development of HSR in Russia, two-ways effects assessment: at the country panel and at the regional level in a simulation model. The research methods include economic and mathematical modeling and economic analysis based on model complexes built at RANEPA, particularly a prototype spatial simulation model of the Russian economy. The object of the research is the effects of the development of high-speed railway communication in Russia. Key results: based on cross-country data, it is shown that the development of both high-speed and express rail service contributes significantly to economic growth: the elasticity of GDP per capita for the length of high-speed and express rail lines is 0.029–0.036 and 0.042-0.048 respectively, for the presence of HSR - 0.125. Scenario analysis based on a simulation model also demonstrates an increase in population mobility, cost of living, and other indicators in the regions where HSR is projected to be buil

Investigation of interaction of carbon dioxide with aerogels nanopores

The absorption spectrum of 2 0 0 12 – 0 0 0 01 band of carbon dioxide, confined in 20 nm nanopores of silica aerogel, was measured with help of a Bruker IFS 125 HR Fourier transform spectrometer at room temperature and a spectral resolution of 0.01 cm-1. The obtained dependence of spectral line half-width values on rotational quantum numbers was studied and compared with data available in the literature. © (2015) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only

Parameters of broadening of water molecule absorption lines by argon derived using different line profile models

The water vapor absorption spectrum was measured in the spectral region 6700–7650 cm–1 with argon as a buffer gas. The room-temperature spectrum was measured using a Bruker IFS 125-HR Fourier Transform Spectrometer with high signal-to-noise ratio, with a spectral resolution of 0.01 cm–1, at argon pressures from 0 to 0.9 atm. The H2O absorption spectral line parameters are derived by fitting two line shape profiles (Voigt and speed-dependent Voigt) to the experimental spectrum. It is shown that the use of speed-dependent Voigt profile provides the best agreement with experimental data

Modification of the experimental setup of the FTIR spectrometer and thirty-meter optical cell for measurements of weak selective and nonselective absorptions

The improvement of the experimental setup based on a Fourier spectrometer Bruker IFS-125 and a 30-meter multipass optical cell is described. The improvement includes the cell equipment with a system of automated adjustment of the number of beam passes without cell depressurization and ensures the cell work at high temperatures

Total Factor Productivity in Russia: The Impact of Economic and Geographical Conditions and Human Capital

Within the framework of this study, the stability of the aggregate factor productivity (TFP) in Russia to the estimation method was assessed. Approaches to assessing TFP were systematized, an approach was developed for analyzing TFP, taking into account the economic and geographical characteristics and the role of human capital

Development of Scientific and Methodological Approaches to Identifying the Actual Boundaries of Agglomerations in Russia, Taking into Account the Spatial Distribution of Economic Activity

Urban agglomerations are the core of the country's economic development and sources of Russia's competitiveness in the global economy (according to various estimates, only Moscow agglomeration generates about 25% of the country's GDP