Получение и свойства гидрогелевых наночастиц пектината кальция с транс-коричной кислотой

Hydrogel negatively charged (–13.5 ± 5.0 mV) calcium pectinate nano- and submicroparticles (50–150 nm) were obtained. A technique for entrapment of a plant growth regulator (trans-cinnamic acid) in the particles up to 40 wt. % has been developed. It has been established that the complete release of trans-cinnamic acid in the Murashige–Skoog medium takes 2.5 hours. The obtained particles of calcium pectinate do not affect the growth processes of cells in suspension culture and can be used as neutral carriers for growth regulators.Получены отрицательно заряженные (–13,5 ± 5,0 мВ) гидрогелевые нано- и субмикрочастицы (50–150 нм) пектината кальция. Разработана методика, позволяющая включать в них до 40 мас. % регулятора роста растений – транс-коричную кислоту (ТКК). Установлено, что полное высвобождение ТКК в среде культивирования клеток (Мурасиге–Скуга) протекает за 2,5 ч. Полученные частицы пектината кальция не влияют на ростовые процессы клеток суспензионной культуры и могут быть использованы в качестве нейтральных носителей регуляторов роста

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА БОЛИ И КАЧЕСТВА ЖИЗНИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ ПОСЛЕ ОТКРЫТОЙ И ВИДЕОАССИСТИРОВАННОЙ ЛОБЭКТОМИИ ПО ПОВОДУ РАКА ЛЕГКОГО

The pain and pain syndrome remain to be serious problems of clinical medicine and surgery as one of its aspects. The positive correlation was found out between the type of surgery and post-operative pain in abdominal, thoracic and orthopedic surgeries. Materials and methods. Results of a questionnaire survey in 130 patients were analyzed; from 2015 to 2017 all those patients had lobectomies for lung cancer using video-assisted thoracoscopic or open accesses in the Thoracic Department of Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology. The intensity of pain and life quality in the post-operative period were assessed using visual analogue scales, the Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale, verbal rating scales, and McGill pain questionnaire. In order to assess life quality, the non-specific questionnaire of SF-36 was used in the cancer patients and those enrolled in the clinical studies of EORTC QLQ-C30 including the special module of QLQ-LC13 for lung cancer patients. The obtained results were analyzed and it was found out that intensity of pain was statistically significantly lower in video-assisted thoracoscopic access versus thoracotomy (U = 678.00; p < 0.05). When using the questionnaires of SF-36 (U = 8,742.50; p < 0.05) and EORTC QLQ-C30 (U = 3,759.00; p < 0.05) and the special module of QLQ-LC13 for lung cancer (U = 4,243.00; p < 0.05), the obtained data also indicated the better life quality and functions, reduction of pathologic manifestations versus open surgical access. Conclusion: Reduction in the pain intensity and higher life quality were typical of surgeries with use of video-assisted thoracoscopic technologies versus classical open access. Боль и болевой синдром остаются серьезными проблемами клинической медицины и ее хирургического раздела. При абдоминальных, торакальных и ортопедических операциях была выявлена положительная корреляция между типом операции и послеоперационной болью. Материал и методы. Проанализированы результаты анкетирования и опроса 130 больных, которым проведено хирургическое лечение в объеме лобэктомии по поводу рака легкого с использованием видеоторакоскопического и классического доступов в торакальном отделении ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н. Н. Петрова» МЗ РФ с 2015 по 2017 г. Выполнена сравнительная оценка интенсивности боли и качества жизни в послеоперационном периоде с использованием визуальной аналоговой шкалы (ВАШ), визуальной мимической шкалы Вонга ‒ Бэкера (лицевая шкала боли), вербальной рейтинговой шкалы, болевого опросника Мак-Гилла. Для оценки качества жизни использовали неспецифический опросник SF-36, опросник для оценки качества жизни у больных, страдающих онкологическими заболеваниями и участвующих в клинических исследованиях EORTC QLQ-C30 со специализированным модулем для больных раком легкого QLQ-LC13. Результаты анализа полученных данных продемонстрировали наличие статистически значимого уменьшения интенсивности боли при применении видеоторакоскопического доступа в сравнении с торакотомическим доступом (U = 678,00; p < 0,05). Полученные данные также свидетельствуют о более высоком качестве жизни и функционирования, уменьшении патологических симптомов в группе с полностью видеоторакоскопическим доступом в сравнении с классическим при использовании опросников SF-36 (U = 8 742,50; p < 0,05) и EORTC QLQ-C30 (U = 3 759,00; p < 0,05) и модуля для рака легкого QLQ-LC13 (U = 4 243,00; p < 0,05). Вывод. Операции, выполненные с использованием видеоторакоскопических технологий, характеризуются снижением интенсивности боли, а также более высоким качеством жизни в сравнении с классическим подходом.

To account the transition state of the system during probabilistic calculations reservation own needs of NPP

In this paper, the method is proposed for preliminary probabilistic safety analysis of the own needs reservation systems for nuclear power plants, which takes into account temporal changes of equipment failure rate since the beginning of the accident and to restore functionality. The method allows to take into account Russian and foreign statistics of the intensities of the initial emergency events, including power failure by reason of extreme natural conditions (for example, the Middle Volga region Russia during the 100 years). The presented method also allows conducting the preliminary assessment of the annual risk level reduction of the damage caused by accidents with core damage (ACD) NPP reactors in money equivalent based on statistics of economic damage caused by such accidents that took place at nuclear power plants. As an example, according to the proposed method, the multifunction system reservation own needs NPP was investigated, based on a combination stations with an additional low-power steam turbine installation. According to calculations, accounting time-dependent processes by this method allows to specify for the given initial data the final results of the calculation for intensities of the reactor ACD and the risk level reduction of the annual emergence of damage caused by accidents ACD reactors by more than 1,3 times

Susceptibility-weighted MR imaging (SWI) of basal ganglia iron deposition in the early and advanced stages of Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease and the first one among the nosological entities of parkinsonism. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pulse sequence, which allows the in vivo estimation of the values of iron deposition in different areas of the brain, is a potential technique for the early diagnosis of PD and for the study of the pathogenesis of its complications.Objective: to compare the values of iron deposition in the basal ganglia in Stages II and III PD and to determine the relationship of clinical findings to the level of iron deposition according to the SWI findings.Patients and methods. Twenty-four patients with Hoehn and Yahr Stages II (n=24) and III (n=12) PD were examined. All the patients underwent brain MRI on a Siemens TrioTim (3T) MRI scanner by using pulse sequences T1, T2, SWI and subsequently quantifying the iron deposition (SPIN software). The accumulation of iron is visualized as an area of reduced signal intensity on SWI, and its estimation in accordance with the SPIN program has accordingly a smaller value. The regions of interest on both sides were the dentate nucleus, substantia nigra, red nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, and head of the caudate nucleus. The examination protocol also included tests using the following scales: the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Frontal Assessment Batter (FAB), Freezing of Gait (FOG), Gait and Balance Scale (GABS), the Epworth Daytime Sleepiness Scale, the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQ), the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Clock-Drawing Test.Results and discussion. The investigators found significant (p<0.05) correlations between the clinical picture and the level of iron deposition in the regions of interest in patients with Stage II PD: FOG – left caudate nucleus (r=-0.94); GABS – left caudate nucleus (r=-0.94); and in patients with stage III of the disease: UPDRS (full) – left red nucleus (r=-0.82), right globus pallidus (r=-0,80), left putamen (r=-0,96); UPDRS (Section 2) – left red nucleus (r=-0.77), left globus pallidus (r=-0.84); UPDRS (Section 3) – right putamen (r=-0,85), right globus pallidus (r=-0.78), left globus pallidus (r=-0,92); FOG – left globus pallidus (r=-0.81); GABS – left red nucleus (r=-0.96), left putamen (r=0.82), right putamen (r=-0.89), left globus pallidus (r=-0.82), right globus pallidus (r=-0.85), left caudate nucleus (r=-0.82), right caudate nucleus (r=-0.89); Beck Depression Inventory – right substantia nigra (r=-0.82).Conclusion. SWI measurement of the values of iron deposition in the structures of the extrapyramidal system in PD provides an additional insight into the pathological processes occurring in them