第６回神戸女子大学看護セミナー報告

departmental bulletin pape

A Study on The Developmental Stages of Consultation Skills of Certified Nurses in A Hospitals

本研究の目的はA 病院で勤務する認定看護師の相談能力が発達する段階と能力を発達させるための方策を明らかにすることである．A 病院に勤務する認定看護師更新審査を経験した認定看護師9 名を対象に，フォーカス・グループ・インタビューによりデータ収集し分析した．認定看護師の相談能力は4 段階にわたって発達していることが明らかになり，相談活動の実践を可能にしている能力を【自分の持つ知識や技術を惜しみなく提供する思いを持ち，手探りながら地道に相談にチャレンジする能力】【相談対象と現場の理解に基づき，自立を目指して一緒に考えながら，専門知識と技術を駆使する能力】【周りの人と協働する関係性を築き，問題の本質に迫って目標を定め，人を巻き込んで解決に向ける能力】【部署を超えた周囲との信頼関係を前提に，ポジションパワーを活用し，未知の領域に踏み込み，組織的な課題の解決に向けチャレンジする能力】と命名した．また，能力を発達させるための方策として，『姿勢』『努力』『学び』というテーマで13 個の重要カテゴリーが抽出でき，加えて，役職と活動形態は相談能力の発達に影響する要因であることが明らかになった．認定看護師専門分野にかかわらず，相談能力には質的に異なる4 つの発達段階がある可能性が示された．各発達段階で示された能力は，自身の努力と管理者支援の方向性を考える参考になると考える．departmental bulletin pape

Comparison of virus isolation using the Vero E6 cell line with real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of human metapneumovirus

Abstract Background The use of cell culture for the diagnosis of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection is uncommon at present and molecular method such as reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) has been widely and most commonly used as the preferred test. We aimed to compare the results of virus isolation using Vero E6 cells with real-time RT-PCR for the detection of hMPV, since such a comparison data is not available. Methods Between December 2007 and July 2008, we obtained 224 nasopharyngeal swab specimens from patients with acute respiratory infection and tested by the two methods. Results Forty-three (19.2%) were found positive by cell culture and 62 (27.7%) by real-time RT-PCR. Cell cultures were positive for 42 of 62 specimens found positive by real-time RT-PCR (67.7% sensitivity) and for 1 of 162 specimens found negative by real-time RT-PCR (99.4% specificity), respectively. The sensitivity of the cell culture was 76.2-87.5% (mean 81.8%) when specimens were collected within 3 days after the onset of symptoms, and the sensitivity decreased to 50% or less thereafter. Among specimens collected within 3 days after symptom onset, all of the real-time RT-PCR positive specimens having a viral load of more than 1.25×105 copies/ml were found positive by cell culture. Conclusions Cell culture using Vero E6 cell line has 81.8% sensitivity compared with the real-time RT-PCR method, when specimens are collected within 3 days after the onset of symptoms. Thus, this method is a useful method for epidemiological and virological research even in facilities with minimal laboratory resources.</p

The Relationship between Sleep Time and Mental Health Problems According to the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in Children after an Earthquake Disaster: The Fukushima Health Management Survey

A cross-sectional study was performed on the adverse effects of sleep time on the mental health of children after the Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent nuclear reactor accident in March 2011. The target participants were children aged 4–15 years living inside the government-designated evacuation zone as of 11 March 2011 (n = 29,585). The participants’ parents/guardians completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and sleep time data were obtained from the 2011 Fukushima Health Management Survey. A total of 18,745 valid responses were returned. We excluded questionnaires with incomplete answers leaving 13,272 responses for the final analysis. First, we divided the children into three age groups for analysis. Second, we divided each age group into four or five groups based on sleep time per day. We used SDQ scores ≥16 to indicate a high risk of mental health problems. In the 4–6-year-old group, those with a sleep time of &lt;9 h had a higher risk. In the 7–12-year-old group, those with ≥10 h of sleep time had a higher risk. In the 13–15-year-old group, those with ≥9 h of sleep time had a higher risk. Shorter sleep time was associated with a higher risk of mental health in 4–6-year-olds. On the other hand, oversleeping was associated with a high risk of mental health in 7–15-year-olds