Research And Application On The Coupled Method Of Remote-Sensing And Ground-Monitoring Of Reservoir Storage Capacity

Reservoir storage capacity monitoring is the basis of reservoir operation. The relationship curves of reservoir water level-area and water level-capacity are the significant parameters of storage capacity calculation. With the long-term operation, both on the bottom and bank of the reservoir have erosion and deposition, causing the relationship of water level-area and level-storage changes, which leads to inaccuracy of reservoir storage capacity calculation with the original curves. It is costly to revise the curves of reservoir water level-area and water level-capacity by ground measurement termly. A coupled Method of Remote-sensing and Ground-monitoring of Reservoir Storage Capacity is proposed in this paper. Based on coupled data of satellite image of the reservoir water-area monitoring and the ground water-level monitoring on the same day, the relationship curves of reservoir water level-area and water level-capacity are updated, the calculation accuracy of reservoir storage capacity is improved. The Gangnan Reservoir is taken as an example for this research. 10 HJ-satellite images are used for revising the curve of reservoir water level-area and water level-capacity. The reservoir storage capacity differences between original and revised curves are analyzed and turned out to be reasonable

Effect of low frequency magnetic fields on melanoma: tumor inhibition and immune modulation

BACKGROUND: We previously found that the low frequency magnetic fields (LF-MF) inhibited gastric and lung cancer cell growth. We suppose that exposure to LF-MF may modulate immune function so as to inhibit tumor. We here investigated whether LF-MF can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of melanoma and influence immune function. METHODS: The effect of MF on the proliferation, cell cycle and ultrastracture of B16-F10 in vitro was detected by cell counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy. Lung metastasis mice were prepared by injection of 2 × 10(5) B16-F10 melanoma cells into the tail vein in C57BL/6 mice. The mice were then exposed to an LF-MF (0.4 T, 7.5 Hz) for 43 days. Survival rate, tumor markers and the innate and adaptive immune parameters were measured. RESULTS: The growth of B16-F10 cells was inhibited after exposure to the LF-MF. The inhibition was related to induction of cell cycle arrest and decomposition of chromatins. Moreover, the LF-MF prolonged the mouse survival rate and inhibited the proliferation of B16-F10 in melanoma metastasis mice model. Furthermore, the LF-MF modulated the immune response via regulation of immune cells and cytokine production. In addition, the number of Treg cells was decreased in mice with the LF-MF exposure, while the numbers of T cells as well as dendritic cells were significantly increased. CONCLUSION: LF-MF inhibited the growth and metastasis of melanoma cancer cells and improved immune function of tumor-bearing mice. This suggests that the inhibition may be attributed to modulation of LF-MF on immune function and LF-MF may be a potential therapy for treatment of melanoma

Interface diagnostics: In-situ prediction of constitutional supercooling and backmelting by growth interface electromotive force

Constitutional supercooling and backmelting are common interface instability phenomena that occur during crystal growth and induce serious component inhomogeneity and defect proliferation; these flaws impede further crystalline devices. However, the interpretation and prevention of the above instabilities are extremely difficult because of the elusive melt convection behavior and extreme crystal growth environments. Herein, we use the growth velocity-related growth interface electromotive force (GEMF) to visualize the interface instability and trace the crystallization kinetics in situ, which can even predict the intrinsic unstable growth induced by components segregation (constitutional supercooling) and melt convection (backmelting). This factor further determines the real-time upper and lower limits of the critical growth velocity, squeezing a unique stable growth region. The predicted stable region complies well with the macro-tomography of the as-grown boules. Besides, 2D and 3D micro-mappings indicate ion segregation saturation due to the onset of constitutional supercooling. On this basis, a quantitative criterion for understanding and preventing critical interface instability is proposed. This GEMF-based method can help us understand ions migration and solidification under critical conditions, and further, be used to optimize the growth parameters of bulk single crystals and alloys, or manipulate the instability phenomena to fabricate natural unique microstructures

The Defects and Improvements of the Internal Control Audit in Chinese Universities with respect to the Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Environment

This paper analyzes the survey data and qualitative evaluation information of the internal control audit of some universities directly under the Ministry of Education of China (MEC) by using the principal component analysis. The qualitative evaluation information is given by experts and presented by the probabilistic hesitant fuzzy elements. The analysis results show that the internal control audit system and process are not perfect, the professional knowledge and skills of internal auditors in universities are not very adaptable to internal control audit, and the effectiveness of internal control audit management conducted by external firms is not good. These are the three most serious defects of the current internal control audit in universities. The most critical factors influencing the quality of internal control audit in universities are, in order, the difficulty of rational use of the results of internal control audit by universities, the poor support of the leadership for internal control audit, and the insufficient professional knowledge and skills of internal auditors to conduct internal control audit. Thus, this paper proposes that the optimization suggestions for the internal control audit of universities are to establish and improve their internal control audit system and process to continually promote the application of internal control audit results, to increase the degree of attention of the leadership, and to strengthen the construction of the internal audit teams

State of the Art in Crystallization of LiNbO3 and Their Applications

Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) crystals are important dielectric and ferroelectric materials, which are widely used in acoustics, optic, and optoelectrical devices. The physical and chemical properties of LiNbO3 are dependent on microstructures, defects, compositions, and dimensions. In this review, we first discussed the crystal and defect structures of LiNbO3, then the crystallization of LiNbO3 single crystal, and the measuring methods of Li content were introduced to reveal reason of growing congruent LiNbO3 and variable Li/Nb ratios. Afterwards, this review provides a summary about traditional and non-traditional applications of LiNbO3 crystals. The development of rare earth doped LiNbO3 used in illumination, and fluorescence temperature sensing was reviewed. In addition to radio-frequency applications, surface acoustic wave devices applied in high temperature sensor and solid-state physics were discussed. Thanks to its properties of spontaneous ferroelectric polarization, and high chemical stability, LiNbO3 crystals showed enhanced performances in photoelectric detection, electrocatalysis, and battery. Furthermore, domain engineering, memristors, sensors, and harvesters with the use of LiNbO3 crystals were formulated. The review is concluded with an outlook of challenges and potential payoff for finding novel LiNbO3 applications

Accessing Tunable Afterglows from Highly Twisted Organic AIEgens via Effective Through-Space Conjugation

Nonaromatic, cross-conjugated, and highly twisted luminogens consisting of acylated succinimides demonstrate aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics and tunable multicolor photoluminescence and afterglows in their single crystals. Effective through-space conjugation among different moieties bearing n/π electrons promote the SOC and ISC transitions and lead to diverse emissive clusters with concurrently rigidified conformations, thus allowing readily tunable emissions. Derived from it, the proof of concept application for advanced anti-counterfeiting is illustrated. These results should spur the rational design of novel nonaromatic AIEgens, and moreover advance the understanding of the origin of tunable multicolor afterglows

Factors affecting prefabricated construction promotion in China: A structural equation modeling approach.

Prefabricated construction (PC) has attracted wide spread attention as a model of sustainable development for the construction industry of the future. Although the PC has many advantages, it is still at an initial stage in China. Based on the current conditions in China, this study focuses on the interrelationships of factors affecting PC promotion. Firstly, through a comprehensive review of relevant literatures and expert recommendations, 5 factors were identified: policy factor, technical factor, management factor, market factor and cost factor. Next, the data were collected through a questionnaire survey, and the questionnaire data were processed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 22.0. The overall relationships of each factor were quantitatively analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that the policy factor plays a dominant role, while the management factor and market factors are also significant. This study also provides decision makers with relevant information about the factors involved, which will be helpful in devising appropriate strategies for the wider adoption of PC

Vandetanib Treatment in Refractory Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients: Five Cases and Review of Literature

Background and objective Vandetanib is a once-daily oral multi-target inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, and rearranged during transfection (RET) tyrosine kinases. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect and safety of vandetanib administered in refractory advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. Methods Five patients who accepted chemotherapy and Tarceva therapy as first- and second-line treatments received vandetanib (300 mg, oral, once daily). Results The effects are stable disease on two patients (40%) and progressive disease on three patients (60%). With a median follow-up of 36 months, one patient remained on follow-up. The median progression free survival (PFS) is 2 months, and the mean overall survival is 22.6 months. The adverse events include rash (n=2), skin change (n=2), paronychia (n=2), asymptomatic QTc prolongation (n=2), ST-T change (n=1), diarrhea (n=1), and increased transaminase (n=1). Conclusion There were lower incidences of severe side effects with vandetanib therapy in refractory advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. The results of effect and safety of vandetanib are similar with the related reviewed articles

Temperature-Dependent and Threshold Behavior of Sm3+ Ions on Fluorescence Properties of Lithium Niobate Single Crystals

Temperature-dependent and threshold behavior of Sm3+ ions on fluorescence properties of lithium niobate (LiNbO3, LN) single crystals were systematically investigated. The test materials, congruent LiNbO3 single crystals (Sm:LN), with various concentrations of doped Sm3+ ions from 0.2 to 2.0 mol.%, were grown using the Czochralski technique. Absorption spectra were obtained at room temperature, and photoluminescence spectra were measured at various temperatures in the range from 73 K to 423 K. Judd–Ofelt theory was applied to calculate the intensity parameters Ωt (t = 2, 4, 6) for 1.0 mol.% Sm3+-doped LiNbO3, as well as the radiative transition rate, Ar, branching ratio, β, and radiative lifetime, τr, of the fluorescent 4G5/2 level. Under 409 nm laser excitation, the photoluminescence spectra of the visible fluorescence of Sm3+ mainly contains 568, 610, and 651 nm emission spectra, corresponding to the energy level transitions of 4G5/2→6H5/2, 4G5/2→6H7/2, and 4G5/2→6H9/2, respectively. The concentration of Sm3+ ions has great impact on the fluorescence intensity. The luminescence intensity of Sm (1.0 mol.%):LN is about ten times as against Sm (0.2 mol.%):LN at 610 nm. The intensity of the fluorescence spectra were found to be highly depend on temperature, as well as the concentration of Sm3+ ions in LiNbO3 single crystals, as predicted; however, the lifetime changed little with the temperature, indicating that the temperature has little effect on it, in Sm:LN single crystals. Sm:LN single crystals, with orange-red emission spectra, can be used as the active material in new light sources, fluorescent display devices, UV-sensors, and visible lasers