Table_1_Evaluation and analysis of multidrug resistance- and hypervirulence-associated genes in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains among children in an area of China for five consecutive years.docx

IntroductionCarbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) is a growing threat. It is urgent to investigate the multidrug resistance and high virulence of CRPA to provide a basis for infection control and rational use of antibiotics.MethodsA retrospective study of 56 nonduplicated CRPA isolates was conducted.ResultsCRPA mainly came from the intensive care unit (ICU) and was mostly isolated from sputum samples. The carbapenem resistance rates of P. aeruginosa were 21.37% (2016), 10.62, 5.88, 10 and 13.87% from 2016 to 2020, respectively. Carbapenem-resistant enzymes and aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme-encoding genes were detected in all isolates, and extended-spectrum β-lactamase and cephalosporin enzyme-encoding genes were present in 96.43 and 80.38% of isolates, respectively. The detection rate of OprM showed a statistically significant difference (p DiscussionThe detection rates of various resistance and virulence genes were high, and the coexistence phenomenon was serious. In clinical practice, antibiotics should be used reasonably based on different drug resistance genes to ensure the rationality and safety of patient medication.</p

Table_2_Evaluation and analysis of multidrug resistance- and hypervirulence-associated genes in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains among children in an area of China for five consecutive years.XLSX

IntroductionCarbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) is a growing threat. It is urgent to investigate the multidrug resistance and high virulence of CRPA to provide a basis for infection control and rational use of antibiotics.MethodsA retrospective study of 56 nonduplicated CRPA isolates was conducted.ResultsCRPA mainly came from the intensive care unit (ICU) and was mostly isolated from sputum samples. The carbapenem resistance rates of P. aeruginosa were 21.37% (2016), 10.62, 5.88, 10 and 13.87% from 2016 to 2020, respectively. Carbapenem-resistant enzymes and aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme-encoding genes were detected in all isolates, and extended-spectrum β-lactamase and cephalosporin enzyme-encoding genes were present in 96.43 and 80.38% of isolates, respectively. The detection rate of OprM showed a statistically significant difference (p DiscussionThe detection rates of various resistance and virulence genes were high, and the coexistence phenomenon was serious. In clinical practice, antibiotics should be used reasonably based on different drug resistance genes to ensure the rationality and safety of patient medication.</p

Additional file 1 of Insight into carbapenem resistance and virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii from a children’s medical centre in eastern China

Supplementary Material 1: Table S1 Genome sequence tabl

Antimicrobial susceptibility and MICs of 175 <i>S.pneumoniae</i> strains isolated from respiratory infection Children younger than 5 years.

<p>Antimicrobial susceptibility and MICs of 175 <i>S.pneumoniae</i> strains isolated from respiratory infection Children younger than 5 years.</p

The demographic and clinical characteristics of 175 enrolled patients.

<p>Note:</p>a<p>Others included bronchitis, asthma, acute bronchiolitis and acute laryngotracheal bronchitis.</p

The antimicrobial susceptibility and MIC s of β-lactams antibiotics between international antibiotic-resistant clones and other strains.

<p>Note:</p>a<p>Clones represented the four international antibiotic-resistant clones including Taiwan^19F-14, Spain^23F-1, Taiwan^23F-15 and Spain^6B-2.</p

The serotype distribution of the <i>S.pneumoniae</i> isolates.

<p>Note: Given to 3 co-colonization isolates, the denominator of PCV coverage rate and serotype proportions was 178. NT indicated non-typed serotypes.</p

Population snapshot of 174 <i>S.pneumoniae</i> isolates.

<p>One spot represents a single ST. The size of the circle corresponds to the number of isolates belonging to a ST. The lines indicate the presence of single locus variant (SLV) links among particular STs. Blue spots indicate the founder of a clonal complex.</p

The distribution of macrolide-resistant genes among 175 <i>S.pneumoniae</i> isolates in different clones.

<p>Note:</p>a<p>The one isolates without ST number was grouped into other isolates.</p