A 10-week fetal head adjacent to a moderate-size (one-third to one-half of the chorionic sac circumference) subchorionic hematorna (arrows) [26].

<p>A 10-week fetal head adjacent to a moderate-size (one-third to one-half of the chorionic sac circumference) subchorionic hematorna (arrows) <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0111676#pone.0111676-Bennett1" target="_blank">[26]</a>.</p

An 8-week fetus associated with a large (at least two-thirds of the chorionic sac circumference) subchorionic hematoma (arrows) [26].

<p>An 8-week fetus associated with a large (at least two-thirds of the chorionic sac circumference) subchorionic hematoma (arrows) <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0111676#pone.0111676-Bennett1" target="_blank">[26]</a>.</p

An 8-week fetus associated with a small (less than one-third of the chorionic sac circumference) subchorionic hematoma (arrows) [26].

<p>An 8-week fetus associated with a small (less than one-third of the chorionic sac circumference) subchorionic hematoma (arrows) <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0111676#pone.0111676-Bennett1" target="_blank">[26]</a>.</p

Symptoms of an Intrauterine Hematoma Associated with Pregnancy Complications: A Systematic Review

<div><p>Objective</p><p>To evaluate the predictive value of the symptoms of an intrauterine hematoma (IUH) for adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A literature review was performed with the search terms, including intrauterine/subchorionic/retroplacental/subplacental hematoma/hemorrhage/bleeding/collection/fluid, covering the period from January, 1981 to January, 2014. We just focused on the pregnancy outcomes associated with different symptoms of an IUH.</p><p>Results</p><p>It is generally agreed that a retroplacental, posterior or subchorionic in the fundus of uterus, and/or persistent IUH is associated with adverse outcomes in the ongoing pregnancy. However, the prognosis value of both volume and gestational age at diagnosis of IUH still remains controversial. Some researchers argue that a large IUH is associated with an increased risk of adverse events during pregnancy while others refuted. It is believed by some that the earlier an IUH was detected, the higher the risk for adverse outcomes would be, while no or weak association were reported by other studies. The prognostic value of the simultaneous presence of vaginal bleeding on pregnancy outcome is also controversial.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Both the position relative to the placenta or uterus and duration of IUH have strong predictive value on the prognosis in the ongoing pregnancy. However, the prognostic values of the IUH volume, gestational age at diagnosis and the simultaneous presence of vaginal bleeding remain controversial up to now. Moreover, most of previous reports are small, uncontrolled studies with incomplete information. Prospective, large sample, cohorts studies which take all detailed symptoms of an IUH into consideration are needed when we evaluate its clinical significance in the prognosis of pregnancy.</p></div

A resolving subchorionic hematoma (H), detected at 13 menstrual weeks, extending beneath the margin (arrow) of the placenta (P) [8].

<p>A resolving subchorionic hematoma (H), detected at 13 menstrual weeks, extending beneath the margin (arrow) of the placenta (P) <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0111676#pone.0111676-Nyberg1" target="_blank">[8]</a>.</p

Symptoms of An Intrauterine Hematoma Associated with Pregnancy Complications.

<p>IUH, intrauterine hematoma; SCH, subchorionic hematoma; PTD, preterm delivery; SGA, small for gestational age.</p><p>–– indicates data not reported.</p><p>Symptoms of An Intrauterine Hematoma Associated with Pregnancy Complications.</p

A large retroplacental hematoma (H) detected at 25 menstrual weeks, detaching more than 50%of the placenta (P).

<p>Retroplacental venous complex (arrows) separated the hematoma and placenta (a); 1 week later, a resolving hematoma (H) contained (arrows) posterior to the placenta (P) (b) <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0111676#pone.0111676-Nyberg1" target="_blank">[8]</a>.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of A novel mutation of HOXA11 in a patient with septate uterus

Primers used for PCR. Table S2 Primers used for site-directed mutagenesis and plasmids construction. Table S3 Functional significance of HOXA11 mutation by bioinformatic prediction. (DOC 96 kb

Systematic Evaluation of Genetic Variants for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in a Chinese Population

<div><p>To date, eleven genome-wide significant (GWS) loci (<i>P</i> < 5×10⁻⁸) for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Some of the risk loci have been selected for replications and validated in multiple ethnicities, however, few previous studies investigated all loci. Scanning all the GWAS variants would demonstrate a more informative profile of variance they explained. Thus, we analyzed all the 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mapping to the 11 GWAS loci in an independent sample set of 800 Chinese subjects with PCOS and 1110 healthy controls systematically. Variants of rs3802457 in <i>C9orf3</i> locus (<i>P</i> = 5.99×10⁻⁴) and rs13405728 in <i>LHCGR</i> locus (<i>P</i> = 3.73×10⁻⁴) were significantly associated with PCOS after the strict Bonferroni correction in our data set. The further haplotype analysis indicated that in the block of <i>C9orf3</i> gene (rs4385527 and rs3802457), GA haplotype played a protective role in PCOS (8.7 vs 5.0, <i>P</i> = 9.85×10⁻⁶, OR = 0.548, 95%CI = 0.418–0.717), while GG haplotype was found suffering from an extraordinarily increased risk of PCOS (73.6% vs79.2%, <i>P</i> = 3.41×10⁻⁵, OR = 1.394, 95%CI = 1.191–1.632). Moreover, the directions of effects for all SNPs were consistent with previous GWAS reports (<i>P</i> = 1.53×10⁻⁵). Polygenic score analysis demonstrated that these 17 SNPs have a significant capacity on predicting case-control status in our samples (<i>P</i> = 7.17×10⁻⁹), meanwhile all these gathered 17 SNPs explained about 2.40% of variance. Our findings supported that <i>C9orf3</i> and <i>LHCGR</i> loci variants were vital susceptibility of PCOS.</p></div

Haplotype analysis of <i>THADA</i> gene, <i>FSHR</i> gene, <i>C9orf3</i> gene and <i>DENND1A</i> gene between the controls and the cases.

<p>The SNP sites for the block of THADA gene is: rs12468394, rs13429458 and rs12478601. The SNP sites for the block of FSHR gene is: rs2268361 and rs2349415. The SNP sites for the block of C9orf3 gene is: rs4385527 and rs3802457. The SNP sites for the block of DENND1A gene is: rs10818854, rs2479106 and rs10986105. P value less than 0.0125 are marked in bold. P value less than 0.05 but more than 0.0125 are marked with^#</p><p>Haplotype analysis of <i>THADA</i> gene, <i>FSHR</i> gene, <i>C9orf3</i> gene and <i>DENND1A</i> gene between the controls and the cases.</p