Quantification and Bioaccessibility of California Pistachio Bioactives

The content of carotenoids, chlorophylls, phenolics, and tocols in pistachios (Pistacia vera L.) has not been methodically quantified. The objective of this study was to first optimize extraction protocols for lipophilic nutrients and then quantify the content of two phenolic acids, nine flavonoids, four carotenoids, two chlorophylls, and three tocols in the skin, nutmeat, and whole nut of California pistachios. The dominant bioactives in whole pistachios are lutein [42.35 μg/g fresh weight (FW)], chlorophyll <i>a</i> (142.24 μg/g FW), γ-tocopherol (182.20 μg/g FW), flavan-3-ols (catechins) (199.18 μg/g FW), luteolin (217.89 μg/g FW), myricetin (135.18 μg/g FW), and cyanidin-3-galactose (38.34 μg/g FW) in each nutrient class. Most phenolics are present in the skin, while the lipophilic nutrients are dominantly present in the nutmeat. Digestion with a gastrointestinal mimic showed <10% of most hydrophilic compounds are released from pistachio matrices. In conclusion, 9 lipophilic and 11 hydrophilic bioactives in pistachios are systematically quantified

Structure, Phase Transition, and Controllable Thermal Expansion Behaviors of Sc_2–<i>x</i>Fe_<i>x</i>Mo₃O₁₂

The crystal structures, phase transition, and thermal expansion behaviors of solid solutions of Sc_2–<i>x</i>Fe_<i>x</i>Mo₃O₁₂ (0 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 2) have been examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), neutron powder diffraction (NPD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). At room temperature, samples crystallize in a single orthorhombic structure for the compositions of <i>x</i> < 0.6 and monoclinic for <i>x</i> ≥ 0.6, respectively. DSC results indicate that the phase transition temperature from monoclinic to orthorhombic structure is enhanced by increasing the Fe³⁺ content. High-temperature XRD and NPD results show that Sc_1.3Fe_0.7Mo₃O₁₂ exhibits near zero thermal expansion, and the volumetric coefficients of thermal expansion derived from XRD and NPD are 0.28 × 10^–6 °C^–1 (250–800 °C) and 0.65 × 10^–6 °C^–1 (227–427 °C), respectively. NPD results of Sc₂Mo₃O₁₂ (<i>x</i> = 0) and Sc_1.3Fe_0.7Mo₃O₁₂ (<i>x</i> = 0.7) indicate that Fe substitution for Sc induces reduction of the mean Sc­(Fe)–Mo nonbond distance and the different thermal variations of Sc­(Fe)–O5–Mo2 and Sc­(Fe)–O3–Mo2 bond angles. The correlation between the displacements of oxygen atoms and the variation of unit cell parameters was investigated in detail for Sc₂Mo₃O₁₂

Poly(amidoamine) and Poly(propyleneimine) Dendrimers Show Distinct Binding Behaviors with Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: Insights from SAXS and NMR Analysis

We investigate the interactions of generation 3 (G3) poly­(amidoamine) (PAMAM) and G3 poly­(propylenimine) (PPI) dendrimers with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in aqueous solution. Size and structure of the dendrimer–SDS aggregates as a function of SDS/dendrimer molar ratio were revealed by SAXS and NMR. G3 PAMAM has a relatively open and dense-core structure, while G3 PPI with the same number of surface amine groups possesses a compact and uniform structure. Upon addition of SDS, much more SDS monomers were encapsulated in the interior of PPI rather than in PAMAM. More significant size increase in PAMAM–SDS aggregate is observed at low SDS concentrations, due to the binding of SDS on PAMAM surface and further assembly into larger supramolecular structures. Both noncooperative and cooperative binding of SDS on G3 PPI surface are observed, while only noncooperative binding is proposed on G3 PAMAM, due to its open surface and large surface group distance. The size of the PPI–SDS complex is larger than that of PAMAM–SDS at higher SDS concentrations. Within the investigated SDS concentrations, SDS exhibits much stronger interactions with G3 PPI than with G3 PAMAM. These results provide new insights into dendrimer–surfactant interactions and explain why PPI is much more cytotoxic than PAMAM

Additional file 2: Table S1. of An analysis of 97 previously diagnosed de novo adult acute erythroid leukemia patients following the 2016 revision to World Health Organization classification

The ratio of different cytogenetic risk category in different age group. The ratio of different cytogenetic risk category (intermediate and unfavorable risk) in <40, 40–60, >60 age group. (DOCX 12 kb

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of An analysis of 97 previously diagnosed de novo adult acute erythroid leukemia patients following the 2016 revision to World Health Organization classification

The 3-year OS of 97 previously diagnosed de novo adult AEL patients according to age group. The 3-year OS of <40, 40–60 and >60 age group. (TIFF 170 kb

Additional file 1: of Distinct genetic alteration profiles of acute myeloid leukemia between Caucasian and Eastern Asian population

This file contains Tables S1–S7, including Table S1. CBF ratios in European, American, and Eastern Asian cohorts; Table S2. NPM1 mutation ratios in European and our cohorts; Table S3. FLT3-ITD mutation ratios in European and our cohorts; Table S4. FLT3-ITD mutation ratios in older patients from Chinese cohort against European and American cohorts; Table S5. CBF leukemia ratios in older patients from Japanese and Chinese cohorts against European and American cohorts; Table S6. NPM1 mutation ratios in older patients from Chinese cohort against European and American cohorts; and Table S7. Outcomes in European, American, and Eastern Asian cohorts. (PDF 568 kb

Additional file 3: of An analysis of 97 previously diagnosed de novo adult acute erythroid leukemia patients following the 2016 revision to World Health Organization classification

Raw data. The clinical characteristic of 97 previously diagnosed de novo adult acute erythroid leukemia patients. The clinical characteristic of 97 previously diagnosed de novo adult acute erythroid leukemia patients were listed, including MDS/AML subtype, MRC cytogenetic risk, survival data, gene mutation and so on. (DOC 239 kb

The number of CD34+CD38+CD117+HLA-DR+CD13+CD33+ cells indicates post-chemotherapy hematopoietic recovery in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

<div><p>Hematopoietic recovery is considered to be associated with the number of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, as observed in functional assays involving stem cell transplantation. However, there is little evidence related to hematopoietic recovery in non-transplantation settings, which is accomplished by endogenous hematopoietic cells. A recent study suggested that progenitors are the main contributors during this steady-state hematopoiesis, which differs from exogenous transplantation. We hypothesized that endogenous progenitor support post-chemotherapy hematopoietic recovery. To investigate the potential impact of these progenitor cell percentage on hematopoietic recovery, we retrospectively analyzed the percentage of CD34+CD38+CD117+HLA-DR+CD13+CD33+ cells (P cells) and hematopoietic recovery in 223 newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia patients during two courses of consolidation chemotherapy after complete remission. We found that a lower P cell percentage was significantly associated with prolonged neutropenia recovery time after the first and second courses of consolidation chemotherapy (p = 0.001; p = 0.045, respectively). We also observed similar results with regard to platelet recovery time after the first course of consolidation chemotherapy (p = 0.000). Univariate analysis showed that P cell percentage and consolidation chemotherapy regimens, and not gender, age, induction chemotherapy regimens, infection grade, WHO classification and NCCN risk category, were associated with neutrophil recovery after chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that P cell percentage is an independent factor affecting neutrophil recovery capacity for both the first and second courses (p = 0.008; p = 0.032, respectively). Our results indicate that CD34+CD38+CD117+HLA-DR+CD13+CD33+ cells before each course of chemotherapy is independently associated with chemotherapy-related hematopoietic reconstitution capacity. These findings may help modify future chemotherapy regimens based on progenitor cell percentages.</p></div

Multivariate analysis for ANC recovery in consolidation one.

<p>Multivariate analysis for ANC recovery in consolidation one.</p

Clinical characteristics of the 223 patients with AML.

<p>Clinical characteristics of the 223 patients with AML.</p