Activation of AMPK inhibits cervical cancer cell growth through AKT/FOXO3a/FOXM1 signaling cascade

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Tracking down the migration of mouse neural crest cells

During early embryonic development, cell migration is one of the most important morphogenetic processes. Neural crest cells arise from the dorsal part of the neural tube and migrate along different pathways to numerous locations where they differentiate into a variety of tissues. In the mouse, studies of neural crest cell migration have been difficult partly because of the absence of specific markers which can label neural crest cells throughout their migration from their origin to the site of differentiation. Nevertheless, the use of different experimental strategies involving extrinsic, intrinsic or genetic cell markers has already led to a good understanding of this migration. In our studies, extrinsic markers such as wheat germ agglutinin-gold conjugates and DiI and genetic markers including Hoxb2-lacZ and green fluorescent protein have been employed in tracing migrating neural crest cells. The labelling procedures and the strength and weaknesses of the tracing methods are reviewed herein. Copyright © 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel.published_or_final_versio

AMPK Activators Suppress Cervical Cancer Cell Growth through Inhibition of DVL3 Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Activity

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Targeting GRB7/ERK/FOXM1 Signaling Pathway Impairs Aggressiveness of Ovarian Cancer Cells

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AMPK Activators Suppress Cervical Cancer Cell Growth through Inhibition of DVL3 Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Activity

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Chinese patients with sporadic Hirschsprung's disease are predominantly represented by a single RET haplotype.

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Quantum Simulation of Spin Chains Coupled to Bosonic Modes with Superconducting Circuits

We propose the implementation of a digital quantum simulation of spin chains coupled to bosonic field modes in superconducting circuits. Gates with high fidelities allows one to simulate a variety of Ising magnetic pairing interactions with transverse field, Tavis-Cummings interaction between spins and a bosonic mode, and a spin model with three-body terms. We analyze the feasibility of the implementation in realistic circuit quantum electrodynamics setups, where the interactions are either realized via capacitive couplings or mediated by microwave resonators.Comment: Chapter in R. S. Anderssen et al. (eds.), Mathematics for Industry 11 (Springer Japan, 2015

DLX1 acts as a crucial target of FOXM1 to promote ovarian cancer aggressiveness by enhancing TGF-β/SMAD4 signaling

Recent evidence from a comprehensive genome analysis and functional studies have revealed that FOXM1 is a crucial metastatic regulator that drives cancer progression. However, the regulatory mechanism by which FOXM1 exerts its metastatic functions in cancer cells remains obscure. Here, we report that DLX1 acts as a FOXM1 downstream target, exerting pro-metastatic function in ovarian cancers. Both FOXM1 isoforms (FOXM1B or FOXM1C) could transcriptionally upregulate DLX1 through two conserved binding sites, located at +61 to +69bp downstream (TFBS1) and -675 to -667bp upstream (TFBS2) of the DLX1 promoter, respectively. This regulation was further accentuated by the significant correlation between the nuclear expression of FOXM1 and DLX1 in high-grade serous ovarian cancers. Functionally, the ectopic expression of DLX1 promoted ovarian cancer cell growth, cell migration/invasion and intraperitoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer in mice, whereas small interfering RNA-mediated DLX1 knockdown in FOXM1-overexpressing ovarian cancer cells abrogated these oncogenic capacities. In contrast, depletion of FOXM1 by shRNAi only partially attenuated tumor growth and exerted almost no effect on cell migration/invasion and the intraperitoneal dissemination of DLX1-overexpressing ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, the mechanistic studies showed that DLX1 positively modulates TGF- signaling by upregulating PAI-1 and JUNB through direct interaction with SMAD4 in the nucleus upon TGF-1 induction. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that DLX1 plays a pivotal role in FOXM1 signaling to promote cancer aggressiveness through intensifying TGF-/SMAD4 signaling in high-grade serous ovarian cancer cells.published_or_final_versio

Experimental cryptographic verification for near-term quantum cloud computing

An important task for quantum cloud computing is to make sure that there is a real quantum computer running, instead of classical simulation. Here we explore the applicability of a cryptographic verification scheme for verifying quantum cloud computing. We provided a theoretical extension and implemented the scheme on a 5-qubit NMR quantum processor in the laboratory and a 5-qubit and 16-qubit processors of the IBM quantum cloud. We found that the experimental results of the NMR processor can be verified by the scheme with about 1.4% error, after noise compensation by standard techniques. However, the fidelity of the IBM quantum cloud is currently too low to pass the test (about 42% error). This verification scheme shall become practical when servers claim to offer quantum-computing resources that can achieve quantum supremacy

Entirety of Quantum Uncertainty and Its Experimental Verification

As a foundation of quantum physics, uncertainty relations describe ultimate limit for the measurement uncertainty of incompatible observables. Traditionally, uncertainty relations are formulated by mathematical bounds for a specific state. Here we present a method for geometrically characterizing uncertainty relations as an entire area of variances of the observables, ranging over all possible input states. We find that for the pair of position and momentum operators, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle points exactly to the attainable area of the variances of position and momentum. Moreover, for finite-dimensional systems, we prove that the corresponding area is necessarily semialgebraic; in other words, this set can be represented via finite polynomial equations and inequalities, or any finite union of such sets. In particular, we give the analytical characterization of the areas of variances of (a) a pair of one-qubit observables and (b) a pair of projective observables for arbitrary dimension, and give the first experimental observation of such areas in a photonic system