397 research outputs found

    Research progress in the relationship between iron deficiency and tic disorder

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    Tic disorder is a common neurodevelopmental disorder disease in children, with a high prevalence and different clinical manifestations among individuals. It is frequently complicated with other neuropsychiatric diseases, which brings significant burden to psychological and physical health of patients. At present, the etiology of tic disorder remains unclear, which is probably associated with genetic, immune, environmental and psychological factors, etc. The pathological mechanism involves cortico-striatum-thalamic-cortical pathway disorders and neurotransmitter abnormalities. Iron has an extremely important biological function in the developmental process of nervous system. Studies have found that iron deficiency may lead to brain development disorder and dopaminergic dysfunction, thereby causing the incidence and progression of tic disorder. Improving the nutritional status of iron through iron supplementation may become a new idea for the prevention and treatment of children with tic disorder

    Discovery of gamma-ray emission from a strongly lobe-dominated quasar 3C 275.1

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    We systematically analyze the 6-year {\it Fermi}/LAT data of the lobe-dominated quasars (LDQs) in the complete LDQ sample from 3CRR survey and report the discovery of high-energy γ\gamma-ray emission from 3C 275.1. The γ\gamma-ray emission of 3C 207 is confirmed and significant variability of the lightcurve is identified. We do not find statistically significant γ\gamma-ray emission from other LDQs. 3C 275.1 is the known γ\gamma-ray quasar with the lowest core dominance parameter (i.e., R=0.11R=0.11). We also show that both the northern radio hotspot and parsec jet models can reasonably reproduce the γ\gamma-ray data. The parsec jet model, however, is favored by the potential γ\gamma-ray variability at the timescale of months. We suggest that some dimmer γ\gamma-ray LDQs will be detected in the future and LDQs could contribute non-negligibly to the extragalactic γ\gamma-ray background.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; ApJ in pres

    Isolation and characterization of a novel alphanodavirus

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Nodaviridae </it>is a family of non-enveloped isometric viruses with bipartite positive-sense RNA genomes. The <it>Nodaviridae </it>family consists of two genera: alpha- and beta-nodavirus. Alphanodaviruses usually infect insect cells. Some commercially available insect cell lines have been latently infected by Alphanodaviruses.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A non-enveloped small virus of approximately 30 nm in diameter was discovered co-existing with a recombinant <it>Helicoverpa armigera </it>single nucleopolyhedrovirus (<it>Hear</it>NPV) in Hz-AM1 cells. Genome sequencing and phylogenetic assays indicate that this novel virus belongs to the genus of alphanodavirus in the family <it>Nodaviridae </it>and was designated HzNV. HzNV possesses a RNA genome that contains two segments. RNA1 is 3038 nt long and encodes a 110 kDa viral protein termed protein A. The 1404 nt long RNA2 encodes a 44 kDa protein, which exhibits a high homology with coat protein precursors of other alphanodaviruses. HzNV virions were located in the cytoplasm, in association with cytoplasmic membrane structures. The host susceptibility test demonstrated that HzNV was able to infect various cell lines ranging from insect cells to mammalian cells. However, only Hz-AM1 appeared to be fully permissive for HzNV, as the mature viral coat protein essential for HzNV particle formation was limited to Hz-AM1 cells.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A novel alphanodavirus, which is 30 nm in diameter and with a limited host range, was discovered in Hz-AM1 cells.</p

    Two New Glycosides from Sanicula lamelligera

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    Two new glycosides, 21-O-β -D-glucopyranosyl-olean-12-ene-3β , 16α, 21β , 22α, 28-pentol

    Lysosome-Membrane Fusion Mediated Superoxide Production in Hyperglycaemia-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction

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    Lysosomal exocytosis and fusion to cellular membrane is critical in the oxidative stress formation of endothelium under apoptotic stimulus. We investigated the role therein of it in hyperglycaemia-induced endothelial dysfunction. The lysosome-membrane fusion was shown by the expression of lamp1, the lysosomal membrane marker, on cellular membrane and the transportation of lysosomal symbolic enzymes into cultural medium. We also examined the ceramide production, lipid rafts (LRs) clustering, colocalization of gp91phox, a NADPH oxidase subunit (NOX) to LRs clusters, superoxide (O2.-) formation and nitric oxide (NO) content in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and the endothelium-dependent NO-mediated vasodilation in isolated rat aorta. As compared to normal glucose (5.6 mmol/l, Ctrl) incubation, high glucose (22 mmol/l, HG) exposure facilitated the lysosome-membrane fusion in HUVEC shown by significantly increased quantity of lamp1 protein on cellular membrane and enhanced activity of lysosomal symbolized enzymes in cultural medium. HG incubation also elicited ceramide generation, LRs clustering and gp91phox colocalization to LRs clusters which were proved to mediate the HG induced O2.- formation and NO depletion in HUVEC. Functionally, the endothelium-dependent NO-mediated vasodilation in aorta was blunted substantially after HG incubation. Moreover, the HG-induced effect including ceramide production, LRs clustering, gp91phox colocalization to LRs clusters, O2.- formation and endothelial dysfunction could be blocked significantly by the inhibition of lysosome-membrane fusion. We propose that hyperglycaemia-induced endothelial impairment is closely related to the lysosome-membrane fusion and the following LRs clustering, LRs-NOX platforms formation and O2.- production

    Geometry and optics calibration of WFCTA prototype telescopes using star light

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    The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory project is proposed to study high energy gamma ray astronomy ( 40 GeV-1 PeV ) and cosmic ray physics ( 20 TeV-1 EeV ). The wide field of view Cherenkov telescope array, as a component of the LHAASO project, will be used to study energy spectrum and compositions of cosmic ray by measuring the total Cherenkov light generated by air showers and shower maximum depth. Two prototype telescopes have been in operation since 2008. The pointing accuracy of each telescope is crucial to the direction reconstruction of the primary particles. On the other hand the primary energy reconstruction relies on the shape of the Cherenkov image on the camera and the unrecorded photons due to the imperfect connections between photomultiplier tubes. UV bright stars are used as point-like objects to calibrate the pointing and to study the optical properties of the camera, the spot size and the fractions of unrecorded photons in the insensitive areas of the camera.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Chinese Physics
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