Estimation of carbon sequestration rate between linear and curvilinear design landscape setting urban park

Urban parks are emerging as one of the important spaces in the urban fabric. Urban parks act as places that could increase the tranquillity and comfort of urban life by providing a space for people to relax their mind and become places for recreation and leisure. The need for urban parks became greater as cities expanded and the urban population rapidly grew. Therefore, having an urban park can facilitate a reduction in GHG emissions by alleviating some of the impacts of this dense development. Trees in the urban parks are an important agent to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide accumulate in the urban area. The carbon sequestration rate was calculated by biomass equations, using field data collection, measurement and survey data analysis. This study aimed to calculate, predict and compare carbon sequestration rate produced by plant materials through linear and curvilinear design landscape setting. The decisive outcomes of this study are the optimization of carbon sequestration rate by selecting the right plant material specifications with suitable landscape design setting. The findings revealed that curvilinear design landscape setting sequesters more carbon than linear design landscape setting. Plants with bigger girth and larger quantities sequester more carbon compared to smaller girth and fewer trees. These findings will become a green practice approached towards building a sustainable environment with better design solutions

Study on heavy metal contamination distribution at active landfill at different depths and radiuses

Landfilling is more preferable in Malaysia compared to another disposal method due to low cost, and availability of land. Other than solid waste, the percolation of water into the landfill leads to leachate formation. The migration of waste in leachate form may accelerate the heavy metal contamination of the soil one of the major concerns in landfilling. This study aimed in comparing soil samples taken from five different sites in Selangor of inert waste (Sungai Kertas, Kuang and Dengkil) and sanitary (Tanjung Dua Belas and Jeram) landfills at different depths (0-30 cm, 30-60 cm and 60-90 cm) and radiuses (5-10 m, 10-15 m and 15-20 m), for ten heavy metals (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) to find the risk of heavy metal movement from the upper layer cell into the deeper layer of the soil block. All the data were analysed using ICP-MS (Perkin Elmer NexION 300X). Al and Fe displayed high concentration at most of the sites especially at the deeper depth of the soil

Closed landfill heavy metal contamination distribution profiles at different soil depths and radiuses

Various types of wastes are the main sources of heavy metal within a landfill system including metal waste components such as food cans, scrap metal, household hazardous waste and electronic waste such as batteries and old computers. The procedure that occurs inside the waste cells quickens that procedure for substantial metal draining from the waste component. This study comparing soil samples taken from four different sites in Selangor of closed non-sanitary (Sungai Kembong) and sanitary (Ampar Tenang, Air Hitam and Kubang Badak) landfills at different depths (0-30 cm, 30-60 cm and 60-90 cm) and radiuses (5-10 m, 10-15 m and 15-20 m), for ten heavy metals (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) to find the risk of heavy metal movement from the upper layer cell into the deeper layer. The data were analysed using ICP-MS (Perkin Elmer NexION 300X). Al and Fe displayed higher concentration at most of the sites with different volume of concentration at different depth and radius. Most of the sites consistently showed higher contamination in deeper soil than the upper layer of the soil

Impact of sandy soil physico-chemical properties towards urban lakes eutrophication and inorganic pollutant status

A variety of soil types in Malaysia have contributed to the difference of soil properties dissolved in the water and the concern of soil problem in Malaysia involves laterite, sandy, acid sulphate and organic soil. There are several physical properties have been used to evaluate the water sample and consist of pH, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3–N). For heavy metals, 10 elements had been selected based on Malaysia Environmental Quality Report for further evaluation that consists of (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb). Physico-chemical properties for water were measured in situ and in the laboratory and further analysis was prepared by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for heavy metals assessment equally for soil and water. The result obtained showed the average of water quality index for sandy soil in the urban lake was in class IV the status of water mostly was polluted as the amount of the high value in BOD (81.62 mg/L), COD (23.53 mg/L) and NH3–N (0.44 mg/L). The level of TSS was low (27.18 mg/L) as sandy soil particle less influence for soil movement into the water. As for the result of heavy metals, the composition varied in water but several elements exceeded the natural level such as Al (0.07 mg/L), Cr (0.3 mg/L), Ni (0.11 mg/L), Cu (0.02 mg/L) and Pb (1.43 mg/L) as responding to the character of porosity in sandy soil. Meanwhile, two significant elements were found in sandy soil which was Al (157.95 mg/kg) and Fe (156.17 mg/kg) and become a significant signature indicator

Carrying capacity framework in reducing the waste produced in tourism area

Too many tourists on site means there will be more waste generated in the tourism site, directly or indirectly. Adding to that, the lack of waste management strategies in tourism area will lead to undesirable environmental quality. This will give bad perceptions towards the future tourist and later on will impact the tourism industry itself. Hence, the implementation of carrying capacity concept is an effort to preserve the tourism area as a sustainable tourist destination as well as maintaining its natural value. Based on existing researches, it clearly shows the success of the carrying capacity concept. However, the government and related agencies must have seen this issue further ahead. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the lacking of current policies and action plans by the government in managing tourism sites. This research focuses on analyzing the legal material and its action plan. A combination of descriptive and analytical approach will be done. The output of this paper is the analysis of the current policies and plans and how the gaps can be filled in order to promote sustainable tourism in Pulau Perhentian. This paper will give an added value to promote sustainable tourism in Malaysia hospitality services industr

Influences of laterite soil towards physico-chemical properties and heavy metals concentration in urban lake quality index

The soil is a transmitted agent of water run-off to the water body. Variety of soil type in Malaysia has contributed to the difference of soil properties dissolved in the water and the concern of soil problem in Malaysia involving from laterite, sandy, acid sulfate and organic soil type. Soil properties are one of the subjects of impacting the hydrological composition through transportation of physic chemicals properties that bring all compound result on water quality. Thus, this research aimed to identify the influences of laterite soil towards physico-chemicals properties and heavy metals concentration in an urban lake. The study was conducted at 10 site studies located at the laterite soil area by evaluating physico-chemical properties and heavy metals concentrations by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results established the significant physico-chemical and heavy metal variables that strongly associated with laterite soil urban lake are high value in biological oxygen demand (62.8 mg/L), chemicals oxygen demand (15.87 mg/L), NH3–N(0.58 mg/L), total suspended solids (59.27 mg/L), slightly acidic of pH (6.62) and for heavy metals three elements found dominants in water samples such as Fe (0.49 mg/L), Al (0.24 mg/L) and Mn (0.05 mg/L).The laterite soil samples were dominated by clay (36.1%) whereas the composition of heavy metals concentration was found high in Fe (676.25 mg/L), Al (563.13 mg/L), and Mn (1.82 mg/L). The significant outcome of this study can be used as key tools indicator for monitoring urban lakes status and indices

The influence of urban park green spaces, plant material specifications and spatial design organization and pattern towards carbon sequestration rate

Urban parks planning and management is a crucial issue in the context of the urban environment and community development by creating space for social interactions, recreation, aesthetics and provide natural habitats. Apart from that, the value of the ecological functions such as air purification, storm water regulation and carbon storage are also crucial for biodiversity conservation within the urban context. This study provides a case study of the quantification of carbon sequestration rate by a selected urban park with a hybrid design landscape setting in Putra Heights, Mukim Damansara, Selangor. The carbon sequestration rate was calculated by biomass equations, using field data inventory, measurements, plan analysis and survey data analysis. This study aimed to discuss the influence of urban park green spaces, plant materials specifications and spatial design organization and pattern towards carbon sequestration rate. The significant outcome of this study is the determination of key factors that influenced the Carbon Sequestration Rate. This study proved that higher plants specification plays an important role in sequestering more carbon. The larger green area also contributes to higher carbon sequestration rate. These findings will become a novel landscape design approach to neutralize carbon emission with cost-effective and environmentally friendly

Estimation of carbon sequestration rate of urban park with linear and curvilinear design landscape setting

The need for urban parks became greater as cities expanded and the urban population rapidly grew. Therefore, having an urban park can facilitate a reduction in GHG emissions by alleviating some of the impacts of this dense development. Trees in the urban parks are an important factors reducing the amount of carbon dioxide accumulated in the urban area. The carbon sequestration rate was calculated with biomass equations, using field data collection, measurements and survey data analysis. This study aimed to calculate, predict and compare carbon sequestration rate of plant materials with linear and curvilinear design landscape setting. The decisive outcome of this study are the optimization of carbon sequestration rate by selecting the right plant material specifications with suitable landscape design setting. The findings revealed that the curvilinear design landscape setting sequesters more carbon per m2 than linear design landscape setting. Plants with bigger girth and larger quantities contribute to sequestering greater carbon compared to smaller girth and fewer trees. These findings will become a green practice approached towards building a sustainable environment with better design solutions

Effect of nickel on the microstructure and mechanical property of die-cast Al–Mg–Si–Mn alloy

The effect of nickel on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a die-cast Al–Mg–Si–Mn alloy has been investigated. The results show that the presence of Ni in the alloy promotes the formation of Ni-rich intermetallics. These occur consistently during solidification in the die-cast Al–Mg–Si–Mn alloy across different levels of Ni content. The Ni-rich intermetallics exhibit dendritic morphology during the primary solidification and lamellar morphology during the eutectic solidification stage. Ni was found to be always associated with iron forming AlFeMnSiNi intermetallics, and no Al3Ni intermetallic was observed when Ni concentrations were up to 2.06 wt% in the alloy. Although with different morphologies, the Ni-rich intermetallics were identified as the same AlFeMnSiNi phase bearing a typical composition of Al[100–140](Fe,Mn)[2–7]SiNi[4–9]. With increasing Ni content, the spacing of the α-Al–Mg2Si eutectic phase was enlarged in the Al–Mg–Si–Mn alloy. The addition of Ni to the alloy resulted in a slight increase in the yield strength, but a significant decrease in the elongation. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased slightly from 300 to 320 MPa when a small amount (e.g. 0.16 wt%) of Ni was added to the alloy, but further increase of the Ni content resulted in a decrease of the UTS.The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Technology Strategy Board (TSB) and Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) in the United Kingdom