Comprehensive Gene Expression Analysis of Type B Trichothecenes

Type B trichothecenes, deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV), are secondary metabolites of Fusarium species and are major pollutants in food and feed products. Recently, the production trend of their derivatives, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-AcDON), and 4-acetylnivalenol (4-AcNIV or fusarenon-X), has been changing in various regions worldwide. Although <i>in vivo</i> behavior has been reported, it is necessary to acquire more detailed information about these derivatives. Here, the yeast <i>PDR5</i> mutant was used for toxicity evaluation, and the growth test revealed that DON, 15-AcDON, and 4-AcNIV had higher toxicity compared to 3-AcDON and NIV. 15-AcDON exerted the most significant gene expression changes, and cellular localization clustering exhibited repression of mitochondrial ribosomal genes. This study suggests that the toxicity trends of both DON products (DON and its derivatives) and NIV products (NIV and its derivatives) are similar to those observed in mammalian cells, with a notable toxic response to 15-AcDON

Cluster analysis of the mRNA expression profiles after the citrinin treatment

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Evaluation of toxicity of the mycotoxin citrinin using yeast ORF DNA microarray and Oligo DNA microarray"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/95</p><p>BMC Genomics 2007;8():95-95.</p><p>Published online 5 Apr 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1865386.</p><p></p> Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using GeneSpring as described in the text

Evaluation of toxicity of the mycotoxin citrinin using yeast ORF DNA microarray and Oligo DNA microarray-2

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Evaluation of toxicity of the mycotoxin citrinin using yeast ORF DNA microarray and Oligo DNA microarray"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/95</p><p>BMC Genomics 2007;8():95-95.</p><p>Published online 5 Apr 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1865386.</p><p></p>Different types of microarray. Dye swap was carried out with the OL-1-1, OL-1-2 and OL-1-3 sheets

Evaluation of toxicity of the mycotoxin citrinin using yeast ORF DNA microarray and Oligo DNA microarray-4

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Evaluation of toxicity of the mycotoxin citrinin using yeast ORF DNA microarray and Oligo DNA microarray"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/95</p><p>BMC Genomics 2007;8():95-95.</p><p>Published online 5 Apr 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1865386.</p><p></p>low the images

Evaluation of toxicity of the mycotoxin citrinin using yeast ORF DNA microarray and Oligo DNA microarray-1

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Evaluation of toxicity of the mycotoxin citrinin using yeast ORF DNA microarray and Oligo DNA microarray"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/95</p><p>BMC Genomics 2007;8():95-95.</p><p>Published online 5 Apr 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1865386.</p><p></p>icated concentration. The stock solution was added directly to the yeast cells grown for 2–3 days such that they were diluted more than 100-fold