Uji Performansi Pencuci Biodiesel Metode Pengkabutan Air Dalam Minyak

Washing of biodiesel removes contaminants (soap, catalyst, methanol and free glycerin) from biodiesel, even though this activity will sometimes cause an emulsion. This research aims to develop new method of washing that can minimize emulsification. The method used is misting water in crude biodiesel by certain nozzle. Washing apparatus has 5 main part i.e. nozzle, washing chamber, circulation pump, valve to set level of debit and piping channel. The research has been done to study dependency of biodiesel washing on the numbers of nozzles (2, 3 and 4) , the distance between nozzle and constrictor plate (2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm and 8 cm) and the level of wash water debit 45.3 ml/min,83.6 ml/min and 150 ml/min . Parameters measured were pH of wash water, emulsion formed, rendemen of biodiesel, quality of biodiesel and energy consumption. Variation of the numbers of nozzles are purposed to have more extensively contact between water and biodiesel. At optimum level of debit, high performance biodiesel washing expeted, with little emulsion can be obtained. The research indicates that the numbers of nozzles, the distance of nozzle and level of water debit are significant variables to determine washing performance. The research showed that washing biodiesel with the numbers of nozzles 4 pc, debit of washing water 83.6 ml/min and 45.3ml/min and distance between nozzle and constrictor plate 8 cm produce 100 % biodiesel for every step washing, with pH of washing water at third washing 7.1 and emulsion formed 81.6 ml . Misting water in oil method needs smaller energy than others, i.e. only 4% of stirrer method and 1.2% of bubble method. Quality biodiesel – i.e. density, flash point, cetane index, cloud point, moisture content, viscosity – meets ISO standard

Desain Unit Pengolahan Bioetanol Untuk Petani Di Desa Ngajum Kecamatan Sumber Pucung Kabupaten Malang

The aim of the research is to develop bio-ethanol processing unit in small size using simple technology, which can be used by Cassava farmers in the village of Ngajum Sumber Pucung Malang. The capacity of Bioethanol processing unit provided is 100 liters/process which consists of sieve, cooker with cooling mash, fermenter, and distillation unit. Tests on several processing units give the following results: Sieve driven by 7.5 HP diesel engines. Sieve cylinder made of wood cylinder with 40 cm of diameter and 45 cm of length. Sieve has a capacity of 613 kg/h. Cooker tank made of stainless steel plate 4 mm and has dimensions 77 cm of diameter and 150 cm of height. There are 4 pieces of pipe stainless steel 6" placed at the bottom serving as heat exchanger. Cooling Mash has heat transfer surface area of 3.11 m2 that consists of 26 stainless steel pipe 1 ½" of diameter and 100 cm of length . Cooking efficiency is 38% with fuel of firewood with a moisture content of 50%. At steady state conditions, Cooling mash is capable to remove energy from substance of 280 kcal/min at mass flow rate of substance of 2.34 l/s and mass flow rate of cooling water of 0.6 l/s.Fermenter tank has made of stainless steel and has dimensions 110 cm of diameter and 240 cm of height. The mixer's fermenter is driven by a ½ HP electric motor. To maintain the material temperature at 32 oC, the fermenter equipped with a cooling unit that is sprinkler water around the tube. Distillation unit has made of stainless steel 304 and consists of beer column, the column rectifying, pre-heater, condensers and equipped with boiler