Creating and Implementing a Learner-Oriented Rubric Self Evaluation System for Increasing Commitment to Learning

アクティブラーニングが広がりを見せている．しかし，活動主義に陥りがちで実質を伴わない実践になりかねないこと，フリーライダーの出現，グループ活動の不活性化など，数々の問題点も指摘されている．本研究では，そうした課題が顕在化しがちな〈必修〉かつ多人数のPBL型授業において，質問紙調査・インタビュー調査を行い，具体的に課題を抽出した．その上で，形成的評価手法の一つであるルーブリックを学生自身によって作成させ，自己評価させることによって学びへのコミットメントを引き出す試みを行った結果，一定の効果があることが示唆された．査読論

A Study on Educational Challenges in University-to-Work-Transition:From a Gap Analysis between Student Self-Evaluation and Teacher Evaluation

本研究では，大学から社会への橋渡し期に学生にもっとも近くで接する教員が重要な社会との結節点であるとの視点から，学生自身の能力評価とゼミ教員による学生評価の乖離の程度から教育課題を具体的に抽出した.その結果，「学生の能力認識が甘い」ことが明らかになったとともに,自信をもちにくい現代の若者に「自己効力感」をもてるように環境を整えることで，自分自身のことを社会的に望ましい方向に高める可能性が出てくること,その際にカギを握っているのは課題設定支援であることを導き出した．査読論

Predicting complete loss to follow-up after a health-education program: number of absences and face-to-face contact with a researcher

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Research on health-education programs requires longitudinal data. Loss to follow-up can lead to imprecision and bias, and <it>complete </it>loss to follow-up is particularly damaging. If that loss is predictable, then efforts to prevent it can be focused on those program participants who are at the highest risk. We identified predictors of complete loss to follow-up in a longitudinal cohort study.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Data were collected over 1 year in a study of adults with chronic illnesses who were in a program to learn self-management skills. Following baseline measurements, the program had one group-discussion session each week for six weeks. Follow-up questionnaires were sent 3, 6, and 12 months after the baseline measurement. A person was classified as completely lost to follow-up if none of those three follow-up questionnaires had been returned by two months after the last one was sent.</p> <p>We tested two hypotheses: that complete loss to follow-up was directly associated with the number of absences from the program sessions, and that it was less common among people who had had face-to-face contact with one of the researchers. We also tested predictors of data loss identified previously and examined associations with specific diagnoses.</p> <p>Using the unpaired t-test, the U test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression, we identified good predictors of complete loss to follow-up.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The prevalence of complete loss to follow-up was 12.2% (50/409). Complete loss to follow-up was directly related to the number of absences (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval: 1.78; 1.49-2.12), and it was inversely related to age (0.97; 0.95-0.99). Complete loss to follow-up was less common among people who had met one of the researchers (0.51; 0.28-0.95) and among those with connective tissue disease (0.29; 0.09-0.98). For the multivariate logistic model the area under the ROC curve was 0.77.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Complete loss to follow-up after this health-education program can be predicted to some extent from data that are easy to collect (age, number of absences, and diagnosis). Also, face-to-face contact with a researcher deserves further study as a way of increasing participation in follow-up, and health-education programs should include it.</p

Effective Use of Experts’ Skills from an International Manufacturing Culture Perspective

本研究では、グローバル時代におけるわが国ものづくり現場の競争優位性の顕在化を外国人人材から捉えなおすことを目的とし、外国人人材のバックグラウンドにある生産文化を国際的に比較・整理した。これまで一般的に考えられてきた「少子高齢化時代の人手不足解消のための外国人活用」という消極的な人材活用策とは一線を画するものである。そこで「生産文化論」の概念を援用し、ベトナムの製造現場での調査からベトナムという国とその国民がもつ生産文化的な背景が、日本のものづくりにむしろプラスの影響を与えていることを明らかにした。これによって外国人人材の活用が、実際には人手不足の解消以上に日本企業の現場に大きなメリットをもたらすとともに、外国人人材の技能形成においてもプラスの効果が期待でき、両者のwin-win関係のメカニズムが構築されていることが明らかにされた。研究論