Supplemental Materials

The supplementary material provides additional details of our models

Supplemenrtary Information

The other grain-boundary structures are included in the supplementary infromation

DataSheet_3_Downregulation of long noncoding RNA HCP5/miR-216a-5p/ZEB1 axis inhibits the malignant biological function of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells.pdf

Previous studies find that long noncoding RNA human leukocyte antigen complex P5 (HCP5) is regarded as an oncogene via accelerating cancer cell growth, invasion, metastasis, vascularization, and drug resistance in renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, the effect and regulatory mechanism of HCP5 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains unknown. In this study, HCP5 expression levels were confirmed to be prominently raised in LSCC cell lines. HCP5 knockdown reduced cell proliferation and migration and invasive ability of LSCC cell lines. Furthermore, miR-216a-5p was confirmed to sponge HCP5, and its expression was prominently downregulated in LSCC cell lines and upregulated in HCP5-silenced LSCC cell lines. miR-216a-5p overexpression downregulated the cell proliferation and migration and invasive ability of LSCC cells. Additionally, the protein level of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), one target gene of miR-216a-5p, was highly expressed in LSCC cell lines, and its expression level was downregulated by HCP5 knockdown and miR-216a-5p overexpression. An miR-216a-5p inhibitor reversed the effect of HCP5 knockdown on the proliferation and migration and invasive ability of LSCC cells. In conclusion, knocking down HCP5 may be a strategy to suppress the malignant biological function via regulating miR-216a-5p/ZEB1. Therefore, HCP5 may become a prospective therapeutic target for LSCC.</p

Olikheter är en tillgång : En studie om integration av nyanlända barn i förskolan med fokus på kultur och språk

Att flytta till ett nytt land och anpassa sig till ett nytt språk, en annan kultur och nya normer och värderingar innebär en stor livsförändring. Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur förskollärare arbetar med integration av nyanlända i förskolan med fokus på kultur och språk. Vidare, att undersöka vilka förutsättningar förskollärare anser är nödvändiga för en fungerande integration i förskolan. Kvalitativa intervjuer med fem verksamma förskollärare genomfördes vilket analyserades utifrån ett interkulturellt-och monokulturellt perspektiv. Resultaten visar att ett interkulturellt förhållningssätt i arbetet med en mångkulturell barngrupp, där barns olikheter ska synliggöras underlättar integrationen. Egenskaper som är viktiga är lyhördhet, flexibilitet, ödmjukhet och att vara en trygg vuxen. Förskollärarna i studien anser även att bakgrundsinformation om barnet och en god familjesamverkan är en viktig förutsättning. Fortsättningsvis visar resultatet att förskollärarna i studien arbetar med ord-kort, rim och ramsor och böcker för att utveckla språkutvecklingen hos nyanlända barn, både sitt modersmål och det svenska språket. När det handlar om synliggörande av andra kulturer visar resultatet på olikheter i arbetssättet hos förskollärarna. Några arbetar aktivt med att synliggöra andra kulturer i förskolans miljö och i firandet av traditioner, medan andra anser att detta är ett stort utvecklingsområde.Moving to a new country and adjusting to a new language, a different culture and new norms and values is a big change in life. The aim of this study is to illuminate how pre-school teachers work with integration of newly arrived children in preschool with a focus on culture and language. Further, to investigate important pre-conditions for a good integration in pre-school. Qualitative interviews were conducted with five active pre-school teachers. The interviews were analyzed from a intercultural and monocultural perspective. The results show that an intercultural approach in the work of a multicultural child group, where children’s differences should be visible. Important characteristics of a preschool teacher is responsiveness, flexibility, humility ad being a confident adult. The preschool teachers in the study also considered background information about the child and a good family relationship as important pre-conditions. Further, the result shows that the preschool teachers in the study work with word card, rhyme and jingle and books to develop newly arrived children’s language development, both their native language and the Swedish language. When it comes to visualization of other cultures the result are inconclusive. Some of the preschool teachers worked actively with introducing other cultures in the preschool environment and in celebration of traditions, while others consider it as a major development area

<i>In vitro</i> synergistic effect of amlodipine and imipenem on the expression of the <i>AdeABC</i> efflux pump in multidrug-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>

<div><p>Introduction</p><p>Multidrug-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (<i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i>) has become one of the greatest threats worldwide to the therapeutic management of infections. Our previous research confirmed an <i>in vitro</i> synergistic effect of amlodipine and imipenem against <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i>, and this study is designed to understand its mechanism.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Sixty-four non-duplicate <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> isolates were collected and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by the disk diffusion method. PCR amplification and sequencing were used to identify the presence of the <i>adeB</i>, <i>adeE</i>, <i>adeH</i>, <i>adeJ</i>, <i>abeM</i> and <i>abeS</i> efflux pump genes. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of imipenem, imipenem+amlodipine and imipenem+carbonyl cyanide m–chlorophenyl-hydrazone against these isolates were also determined by the broth microdilution method before and after siRNA silencing of the expression of the adeABC efflux pump.</p><p>Results</p><p>In this study, the combination of amlodipine with imipenem showed synergistic antimicrobial activity against sixty-four <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> isolates when compared with the activity of imipenem alone (p<0.025). In the multidrug-resistant group, AML was more effective than carbonyl cyanide m–chlorophenyl-hydrazone (p<0.001). The efflux pump genes <i>adeB</i>, <i>adeE</i>, <i>adeH</i>, <i>adeJ</i>, <i>abeM</i> and <i>abeS</i> were detected in 100% (4/64), 75% (48/64), 0% (0/64), 100% (64/64), 96.9% (62/64) and 96.9% (62/64) of the sixty-four <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> isolates, respectively. The expression of the <i>adeABC</i> efflux pump genes in the multidrug-resistant group (5.05±19.25) is clearly higher than in the non-multidrug-resistant group (0.17±0.20), (p = 0.01). A gene silencing test verified that the mRNA expression levels of <i>adeABC</i> were decreased at 12 h and increased at 24 h, while the reversal of imipenem resistance by amlodipine disappeared at 12 h and reappeared at 24 h.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The combination of amlodipine with imipenem exhibits an <i>in vitro</i> synergistic antimicrobial effect on multidrug-resistant <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i>, which may be due to the inhibition of the AdeABC efflux pump.</p></div

Expression of the AdeABC efflux pump gene in the two groups of <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i>.

<p>Expression of the AdeABC efflux pump gene in the two groups of <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i>.</p

Comparison of the reduction in the MICs of IPM in combination with AML and CCCP against sixty-four strains of <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i>.

<p>Comparison of the reduction in the MICs of IPM in combination with AML and CCCP against sixty-four strains of <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i>.</p

The IPM MICs which against <i>A</i>.<i>baumannii</i> with and without 20μg ml-1 amlodipine changes during gene silencing process (0, 12 and 24 hours).

<p>Sc-001, negative control group; si-001, si-002 and si-003 represent siHybrids interfering group1, siHybrids interfering group2 and siHybrids interfering group3, respectively. There was a reduction of IPM MIC when tested in combination with AML before gene silencing (a). When adeABC efflux pump genes were silenced at 12h, the MIC of IPM combined with AML was not decreased (b). Instead, 24h after the silence, the MIC of IPM combined with AML decreased again (c).</p

The MICs of IPM with and without AML (20 μgml^-1) or CCCP (20 μgml^-1) in sixty-four strains of <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i>.

<p>The MICs of IPM with and without AML (20 μgml^-1) or CCCP (20 μgml^-1) in sixty-four strains of <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i>.</p

Polymerase chain reaction amplification of the efflux pump gene (adeB, adeE, adeJ, abeM and abeS) of the <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> isolates.

<p>Agarose gel electrophoresis of the product obtained by PCR. (a), adeB gene; (b), adeE gene; (c), adeJ gene; (d), adeM gene; (e), adeS gene; (Left) 10000-bp DNA marker.</p