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Using Self-Reported Patient Experiences to Understand Patient Burden: Learnings from Digital Patient Communities in Ankylosing Spondylitis
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Tunable Exciton Dissociation and Luminescence Quantum Yield at a Wide Band Gap Nanocrystal/Quasi-Ordered Regioregular Polythiophene interface
A comprehensive
understanding of the effect of polymer chain aggregation-induced
molecular ordering and the resulting formation of lower excited energy
structures in a conjugated polymer on exciton dissociation and recombination
at the interface with a wide-bandgap semiconductor is provided through
correlation between structural arrangement of the polymer chains and
the consequent electrical and optoelectronic properties. A vertical
diode-type photovoltaic test probe is combined with a field effect
current modulating device and various spectroscopic techniques to
isolate the interfacial properties from the bulk properties. Enhanced
energy migration in the quasi-ordered (polyÂ(3-hexylthiophene)) (P3HT)
film, processed through vibration-induced aggregation of polymer chains
in solution state, is attributed to the presence of the aggregation-induced
interchain species in which excitons are allowed to migrate through
low barrier energy sites, enabling efficient iso-energetic charge
transfer followed by the downhill energy transfer. We discovered that
formation of nonemissive excitons that reduces the photoluminescence
quantum yield in the P3HT film deactivates exciton dissociation at
the donor (P3HT) close to the acceptor (ZnO) as well as in the P3HT
far away from the ZnO. In other words, exciton deactivation in its
film state arising from the quasi-ordered structural arrangement of
polymer chains in solution is retained at the donor/acceptor interface
as well as in the bulk P3HT. Effect of change in the highest occupied
molecular orbital level and the resulting energy band bending at the
P3HT/ZnO interface on exciton dissociation is also discussed in relation
to the presence of vibration-induced aggregates in the P3HT film