RESULTS OF EATON AND LITTLER'S LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION FOR INSTABILITY OF THE FIRST CARPOMETACARPAL JOINT

This study presents the cases of Eaton and Littler's ligament reconstruction for the treatment of instability of lst CM joint resulting from early stage osteoarthritis (Group OA), trauma (Group T), and a part of generalized joint laxity (Group GJL) in 21 joints of 20 cases. Omitting six cases with less than one year follow-up, 15 joints in 14 cases were analyzed. Clinically, hypermobility pain was improved in all joints. However, eight out of 14 patients felt their joints stretched, but still had the normal range of motion. Grip power and pinch power was significantly improved (P＜0.01, P＜0.05). Comparing each group, only Group T revealed a significant difference between preoperative and postoper- ative grip power (P＜0.01). In increase of grip power, Group T were more significantly improved than Group OA (P＜0.01) and Group GJL (P＜0.05). Radiographically, postoper- ative stages of 4 joints in 4 cases out of 8 cases which felt stretched progressed from their preoperative stages. We assumed that the newly reconstructed ligament may be strong enough to maintain the stability of 1st CM joint and ligament reconstruction is most effective in treating post-traumatic instability

RESULTS OF EATON AND LITTLER'S LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION FOR INSTABILITY OF THE FIRST CARPOMETACARPAL JOINT

This study presents the cases of Eaton and Littler's ligament reconstruction for the treatment of instability of lst CM joint resulting from early stage osteoarthritis (Group OA), trauma (Group T), and a part of generalized joint laxity (Group GJL) in 21 joints of 20 cases. Omitting six cases with less than one year follow-up, 15 joints in 14 cases were analyzed. Clinically, hypermobility pain was improved in all joints. However, eight out of 14 patients felt their joints stretched, but still had the normal range of motion. Grip power and pinch power was significantly improved (P＜0.01, P＜0.05). Comparing each group, only Group T revealed a significant difference between preoperative and postoper- ative grip power (P＜0.01). In increase of grip power, Group T were more significantly improved than Group OA (P＜0.01) and Group GJL (P＜0.05). Radiographically, postoper- ative stages of 4 joints in 4 cases out of 8 cases which felt stretched progressed from their preoperative stages. We assumed that the newly reconstructed ligament may be strong enough to maintain the stability of 1st CM joint and ligament reconstruction is most effective in treating post-traumatic instability

Current dietary intake of the Japanese population in reference to the planetary health diet-preliminary assessment

IntroductionWe sought to assess the Japanese diet by examining the current dietary intake in Japan using the global reference diet from the EAT-Lancet Commission (Planetary Health Diet; PHD), from the perspective of protein intake in different age groups.MethodsAverage dietary intake by food group in the Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey 2019 (NHNS 2019) was converted to the PHD food groups, and the diet gap (DG) (%) of the global reference of the PHD was calculated by age group.ResultsAlthough the DG of the intake was excessive compared with the global reference of the PHD in most food groups in all age groups (7.1–416%), the intake exceeded the upper limit of the range only for red meat (640%). Red meat had the highest DG among subjects in their 40s, although the DG decreased with increasing age. Protein intake was within the possible range and did not greatly exceed the recommended dietary intake in the Japanese standard.DiscussionThe current Japanese diet contains an excessive intake of red meat in terms of the global reference of the PHD. This trend is similar to that previously reported in various western regions and countries. However, the Japanese diet does not significantly exceed the recommended protein intake for Japanese people, suggesting that the PHD is an environmentally friendly and healthy choice for younger and older age groups in an aging Japanese society. Policy makers need to develop sustainable and healthy food-based dietary guidelines in addition to providing food and nutrition education and developing a food environment that encourages sustainable and healthy choices to support dietary change

Papillary Adenoma of Type 2 Pneumocytes in the Lung

Recent developments in radiologic imaging and thoracoscopic excision techniques have increased the possibility of encountering small, benign or premalignant tumors in the lung. In this report, we describe a rare case of papillary adenoma of type 2 pneumocytes. A 51-year-old Japanese woman was hospitalized following a traffic accident. Helical CT scan of the chest incidentally detected a nodular ground-glass opacity measuring 8 mm in diameter at the subpleural region of left lung. The nodule was thoracoscopically resected out. Light microscopic examination demonstrated a noninfiltrative tumor consisting of cuboidal cells covering fibrovascular cores; thus, the tumor exhibited a branching papillary appearance. The cuboidal cells showed little nuclear atypia. Mitotic figures, necrosis, and intercellular mucin were absent. The cytoplasm was immunohistochemically stained for surfactant apoprotein A and cytokeratin, though not for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), or S100 protein. The morphologic and immunohistochemical findings fulfilled the criteria of papillary adenoma of type 2 pneumocytes

Cu/Fe/O=PPh3-Catalyzed Etherification for the Synthesis of Aryl 3-Benzo[b]thienyl Ethers

Cu/Fe-cocatalyzed cross-coupling reactions between 3-bromobenzo[b]thiophene and hydroxyaryls are described herein. The combination of Cu and Fe catalysts is important for the progress of the reactions, and the use of triphenylphosphine oxide as a ligand suppresses the dehalogenation of 3-bromobenzo[b]thiophene, and promptly facilitates the reaction. The obtained aryl benzo[b]thienyl ethers can be converted to pextended thienobenzofuran derivatives via Pd-catalyzed dehydrogenative cyclizations

A highly-flexible cyclic-decavanadate ligand for interconversion of dinuclear- and trinuclear-cobalt(II) and manganese(II) cores

金沢大学理工研究域物質化学系The structure transformation of multinuclear-metal-cores can change catalytic, optical, and magnetic properties. Cyclic decavanadate ligands exhibit versatility in the number and the direction of the coordination sites by changing the conformation to stabilize various multinuclear-metal-cores, while organic multinucleating ligands require specific design for each of the multimetal complexes due to their structure directing ability. The flexibility of cyclic decavanadate ligands is demonstrated here to achieve accommodation of dinuclear or trinuclear units by using the same ligand. The reaction of a dinuclear-cobalt-core-containing decavanadate [Co2(H2O)2V10O30]6- (Co2) with 1 equiv. of Co(OAc)2 (OAc = acetate) gave a trinuclear-cobalt-core-containing decavanadate [Co3(H2O)(OAc)V10O30]5- (Co3) in high yield. The central cobalt core exhibited an incomplete-cubane-type structure. The decavanadate ring contracts to accommodate a smaller dinuclear unit by taking a wavy conformation and expands to accommodate the larger trinuclear unit. The reverse reaction quantitatively proceeded by the addition of 5 equiv. of [VO3]- with respect to Co3. Although a trinuclear-manganese-core-containing decavanadate [Mn3(H2O)(OAc)V10O30]5- (Mn3) possesses the same structure as that of Co3, the addition of 5 equiv. of [VO3]- yielded a different structure of a dinuclear-manganese-core-containing decavanadate [Mn2V10O30]6- (Mn2) with two cyclic pentavanadate ligands sandwiching the manganese core. Thus, the conformations of the cyclic decavanadates are rearranged to respond to the central metal core structures. EXAFS study suggests both manganese complexes maintain the molecular structure in solution. The simultaneous analyses of the magnetic susceptibility data and the magnetization data revealed the switch of magnetic interaction modes from ferromagnetic in dinuclear complexes to mixed ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions in trinuclear complexes: the ferromagnetic interaction in dinuclear units of Co2 (J = 8.05 cm-1) and Mn2 (J = 0.76 cm-1) (Hex = -JS1S2), and the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions in Co3 (J = -1.59 cm-1 and J′ = 13.6 cm-1) and Mn3 (J = -2.20 cm-1 and J′ = 0.07 cm-1) (Hex = -JSA1SA2 - J′[SA1SB + SA2SB]) were studied. © 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry

Oligomerization mechanism of tea catechins during tea roasting

Roasting of green tea causes oligomerization of tea catechins, which decreases the astringency. The aim of this study was to elucidate the oligomerization mechanism. The 13C NMR spectrum of the oligomer fraction showed signals arising from catechin and sugar residues. Heating of epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate with 13C-labeled glucose (150 °C for 2 h) suggested that condensation of sugars with catechin A-rings caused the oligomerization. The dimeric product obtained by heating for a shorter period (30 min)suggested cross-linking occurred between sugars and catechin A-rings. Furthermore, heating of phloroglucinol, a catechin A-ring mimic, with glucose, methylglyoxal, and dihydroxyacetone, confirmed that the basic mechanism included reaction of the catechin A-ring methine carbons with carbonyl carbons of glucose and their pyrolysis products