Data_Sheet_1_Effects of water volume of drip irrigation on soil bacterial communities and its association with soil properties in jujube cultivation.docx

IntroductionJujube is one of an important crop in Xinjiang, China, a area suffered by water scarcity and DI has been proven as a suitable mode for jujube cultivation. Soil bacterial community play a vital role in biogeochemical cycles to support the crop growth, and water content is considered as one of the important factors for them. However, limited research has explored the optimum irrigation strategies, such as water volume of DI, to maximize the benefits of jujube cultivation by regulating the soil bacterial communities.MethodsTherefore, in this study, we conducted DI experiments on jujube fields in Xinjiang with three different water volume levels, and measured the soil properties and bacterial communities of the flowering and fruit setting (FFS) and end of growth (EG) stages.Results and discussionSignificant lower jujube yield and soil available nutrients were observed in samples with low water amount. In addition, we discovered significant effects of the water amount of DI and jujube growth stages on soil bacterial communities. Based on the compare of samples among different growth stages and water amounts some growth stage related bacterial genera (Mycobacterium, Bradyrhizobium, and Bacillus) and water amount-related bacterial phyla (Chloroflexi, Nitrospirota, and Myxococcota) were recognized. Moreover, according to the results of null model, soil bacterial communities were governed by stochastic and deterministic processes under middle and low water volumes of DI, respectively. Finally, we deduced that middle water amount (600 mm) could be the optimal condition of DI for jujube cultivation because the higher jujube yield, deterministic assembly, and stronger correlations between soil properties and bacterial community under this condition. Our findings provide guidance for promoting the application of DI in jujube cultivation, and further research is needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of soil bacterial community to promote the jujube yield.</p

Additional file 1 of Outlier detection in spatial error models using modified thresholding-based iterative procedure for outlier detection approach

Supplementary Material 1

Dietary Methionine via Dose-Dependent Inhibition of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production Capacity Contributed to a Potential Risk of Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice

High-methionine diets induce impaired learning and memory function, dementia-like neurodegeneration, and Alzheimer’s disease, while low-methionine diets improve learning and memory function. We speculated that variations in intestinal microbiota may mediate these diametrically opposed effects; thus, this study aimed to verify this hypothesis. The ICR mice were fed either a low-methionine diet (LM, 0.17% methionine), normal methionine diet (NM, 0.86% methionine), or high-methionine diet (HM, 2.58% methionine) for 11 weeks. We found that HM diets damaged nonspatial recognition memory, working memory, and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory and induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. LM diets improved nonspatial recognition memory and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory and ameliorated anxiety-like behavior, but the differences did not reach a significant level. Moreover, HM diets significantly decreased the abundance of putative short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (Roseburia, Blautia, Faecalibaculum, and Bifidobacterium) and serotonin-producing bacteria (Turicibacter) and significantly increased the abundance of proinflammatory bacteria Escherichia–Shigella. Of note, LM diets reversed the results. Consequently, the SCFA and serotonin levels were significantly decreased with HM diets and significantly increased with LM diets. Furthermore, HM diets induced hippocampal oxidative stress and inflammation and selectively downregulated the hippocampus-dependent memory-related gene expression, whereas LM diets selectively upregulated the hippocampus-dependent memory-related gene expression. In conclusion, dietary methionine via dose-dependent inhibition of SCFA production capacity contributed to a potential risk of cognitive dysfunction in mice

Reactions of Isocyanides with Metal Carbyne Complexes: Isolation and Characterization of Metallacyclopropenimine Intermediates

η²-Iminoketenyl species have often been postulated as the intermediates in nucleophile-induced carbyne–isocyanide C–C coupling processes. However, such species are elusive. Here we report direct formation of η²-imino­ketenyl complexes from reactions of metalla­pentalyne with isocyanides. Our studies show that steric effects of N-substituents of the isocyanides play an important role in the stability of the three-membered metalla­cycles of the η²-imino­ketenyl complexes. Sterically bulky isocyanides, such as <i>tert</i>-butyl or 1-adamantyl isocyanides, inhibit bending at the isocyanide nitrogen atoms, a requirement for formation of η²-imino­ketenyl structures. Reactions of metalla­pentalyne with excess isocyanide allow the metal-bridged metalla­indene derivativesto be isolated as a result of the isocyanide insertion into the M–C_α σ bond of metalla­pentalyne

Sequential Construction Strategy for Rational Design of Luminescent Iridacycles

A convenient and general strategy has been developed to synthesize stable iridapolycycles <b>5</b>–<b>8</b>. Reaction of arylacetylenes with iridium-hydride complex [IrH­(CO)­Cl­(PPh₃)₃]­BF₄ via nucleophilic addition, oxidative decarbonylation, and C–H bond activation results in the formation of a series of iridacyclopentadiene derivatives, including benzo-iridacyclopentadiene <b>5</b>, naphtho-iridacyclopentadiene <b>6</b>, pyreno-iridacyclopentadiene <b>7</b>, and thieno-iridacyclopentadiene <b>8</b>. These iridapolycycles display high thermal and air stability yet can be further functionalized via facile ligand substitution reactions. As an example, complex <b>5</b> was used as a metallosynthon to react with 2,2′-dipyridyl to give intensely luminescent Ir­(III) complex <b>9</b> bearing one C^∧C and one N^∧N ligands. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) of iridapolycycles <b>5</b>–<b>8</b> are located on the phosphonium groups while the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) are mainly located on the metal-embedded C^∧C frameworks. Our method offers a sequential construction strategy for constructing luminescent iridacycles, which potentially allows facile tuning of the photoluminescence properties by modulating the C^∧C and N^∧N moieties independently

Sequential Construction Strategy for Rational Design of Luminescent Iridacycles

A convenient and general strategy has been developed to synthesize stable iridapolycycles <b>5</b>–<b>8</b>. Reaction of arylacetylenes with iridium-hydride complex [IrH­(CO)­Cl­(PPh₃)₃]­BF₄ via nucleophilic addition, oxidative decarbonylation, and C–H bond activation results in the formation of a series of iridacyclopentadiene derivatives, including benzo-iridacyclopentadiene <b>5</b>, naphtho-iridacyclopentadiene <b>6</b>, pyreno-iridacyclopentadiene <b>7</b>, and thieno-iridacyclopentadiene <b>8</b>. These iridapolycycles display high thermal and air stability yet can be further functionalized via facile ligand substitution reactions. As an example, complex <b>5</b> was used as a metallosynthon to react with 2,2′-dipyridyl to give intensely luminescent Ir­(III) complex <b>9</b> bearing one C^∧C and one N^∧N ligands. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) of iridapolycycles <b>5</b>–<b>8</b> are located on the phosphonium groups while the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) are mainly located on the metal-embedded C^∧C frameworks. Our method offers a sequential construction strategy for constructing luminescent iridacycles, which potentially allows facile tuning of the photoluminescence properties by modulating the C^∧C and N^∧N moieties independently

Reactions of Isocyanides with Metal Carbyne Complexes: Isolation and Characterization of Metallacyclopropenimine Intermediates

η²-Iminoketenyl species have often been postulated as the intermediates in nucleophile-induced carbyne–isocyanide C–C coupling processes. However, such species are elusive. Here we report direct formation of η²-imino­ketenyl complexes from reactions of metalla­pentalyne with isocyanides. Our studies show that steric effects of N-substituents of the isocyanides play an important role in the stability of the three-membered metalla­cycles of the η²-imino­ketenyl complexes. Sterically bulky isocyanides, such as <i>tert</i>-butyl or 1-adamantyl isocyanides, inhibit bending at the isocyanide nitrogen atoms, a requirement for formation of η²-imino­ketenyl structures. Reactions of metalla­pentalyne with excess isocyanide allow the metal-bridged metalla­indene derivativesto be isolated as a result of the isocyanide insertion into the M–C_α σ bond of metalla­pentalyne

Dynamic Fluorescence Materials Based on Naphthalimide-Functionalized Silica Aerogels and Applications in Advanced Information Encryption

With the progress of forgery and decryption, the traditional encryption technology is apparent not enough, which strongly requires the development of advanced multidimensional encryption strategies and technologies. Photo-stimuli responsive fluorescent materials are promising as candidate materials for advanced information encryption. Here, we have reported new photo-stimuli responsive materials by encapsulating photochromic molecules spiropyrans (SPs) into naphthalimide-functionalized silica aerogels. By introducing different modification groups (dimethylamino) into 1,8-naphthalimide, we obtained two kinds of silica aerogels that emit blue and green colors. The naphthalimide-functionalized silica aerogels/dye composite exhibits a blue (dimethylamino-modified naphthalimide-functionalized silica aerogel showing green) emission from naphthalimide of silica aerogels at 450 nm (520 nm) and a red emission around 650 nm of SP. Under exposure to ultraviolet light, SP gradually transformed into the merocyanine (MC) form, and a strong absorption band appeared near 540 nm. At that time, the fluorescence resonance energy-transfer (FRET) process occurred between naphthalimide and the MC isomer. As the irradiation time is extended, the fluorescence color changes continuously from blue (green) to red through the FRET process. Using the time dependence of fluorescence, dynamic encryption patterns and multiple codes were successfully developed based on these functionalized silica aerogels. This work has provided important guidance for designing advanced information encryption materials

Synthesis of Fused Metallaaromatics via Intramolecular C–H Activation of Thiophenes

A convenient method to synthesize novel fused ruthena-/osmacycles via intramolecular C–H activation of thiophenes has been developed. Treatment of HCCCH­(OH)­R (R = 2-thienyl) with RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃ or OsCl₂(PPh₃)₃ afforded hydroxyl-coordinated metal vinyl compounds <b>1</b> and <b>4</b>. Reaction of <b>1</b>/<b>4</b> with acid produced metal alkenylcarbene complexes <b>3</b>/<b>5</b>, which can further convert to the corresponding fused metallaaromatics <b>2</b>/<b>7</b> via the C­(sp²)–H activation of the thienyl groups. <b>7</b> is the first example of a metallabenzyne with a fused five-membered ring (thiophene ring). These fused metallaaromatics are thermally stable both in solution and in the solid state in air. The X-ray crystallographic analysis, NMR spectra, and DFT calculations all suggest that these fused metallaaromatics (<b>2</b> and <b>7</b>) show aromatic character

Synthesis of Fused Metallaaromatics via Intramolecular C–H Activation of Thiophenes

A convenient method to synthesize novel fused ruthena-/osmacycles via intramolecular C–H activation of thiophenes has been developed. Treatment of HCCCH­(OH)­R (R = 2-thienyl) with RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃ or OsCl₂(PPh₃)₃ afforded hydroxyl-coordinated metal vinyl compounds <b>1</b> and <b>4</b>. Reaction of <b>1</b>/<b>4</b> with acid produced metal alkenylcarbene complexes <b>3</b>/<b>5</b>, which can further convert to the corresponding fused metallaaromatics <b>2</b>/<b>7</b> via the C­(sp²)–H activation of the thienyl groups. <b>7</b> is the first example of a metallabenzyne with a fused five-membered ring (thiophene ring). These fused metallaaromatics are thermally stable both in solution and in the solid state in air. The X-ray crystallographic analysis, NMR spectra, and DFT calculations all suggest that these fused metallaaromatics (<b>2</b> and <b>7</b>) show aromatic character