11 research outputs found
Online-Dynamic-Clustering-Based Soft Sensor for Industrial Semi-Supervised Data Streams
In the era of big data, industrial process data are often generated rapidly in the form of streams. Thus, how to process such sequential and high-speed stream data in real time and provide critical quality variable predictions has become a critical issue for facilitating efficient process control and monitoring in the process industry. Traditionally, soft sensor models are usually built through offline batch learning, which remain unchanged during the online implementation phase. Once the process state changes, soft sensors built from historical data cannot provide accurate predictions. In practice, industrial process data streams often exhibit characteristics such as nonlinearity, time-varying behavior, and label scarcity, which pose great challenges for building high-performance soft sensor models. To address this issue, an online-dynamic-clustering-based soft sensor (ODCSS) is proposed for industrial semi-supervised data streams. The method achieves automatic generation and update of clusters and samples deletion through online dynamic clustering, thus enabling online dynamic identification of process states. Meanwhile, selective ensemble learning and just-in-time learning (JITL) are employed through an adaptive switching prediction strategy, which enables dealing with gradual and abrupt changes in process characteristics and thus alleviates model performance degradation caused by concept drift. In addition, semi-supervised learning is introduced to exploit the information of unlabeled samples and obtain high-confidence pseudo-labeled samples to expand the labeled training set. The proposed method can effectively deal with nonlinearity, time-variability, and label scarcity issues in the process data stream environment and thus enable reliable target variable predictions. The application results from two case studies show that the proposed ODCSS soft sensor approach is superior to conventional soft sensors in a semi-supervised data stream environment
Upregulation of IFNE in cervical biopsies of patients with highârisk human papillomavirus infections
Abstract Problem Interferon epsilon (IFNâΔ) is constitutively expressed in the epithelium of female reproductive tract and confers vital protection against sexually transmitted pathogens in mouse models. However, there is limited insight into the role of IFNâΔ in human sexually transmitted infections such as human papillomavirus (HPV). Method of Study Cervical biopsies were obtained from highârisk (HR) HPV positive (nâ=â28) and HRâHPV negative (nâ=â10) women. mRNA expression of IFNâΔ in cervical tissues was measured by qPCR. Expression of the IFNâΔ protein was determined by Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. Results mRNA expression of IFNâΔ was higher in the ectocervix than that of other IFNs, and was further upregulated in HRâHPV positive women compared with HRâHPV negative women. Expression of the IFNâΔ protein was comparable between HRâHPV infected patients and healthy controls. Conclusions These results reveal differential expression of IFNâΔ mRNA between individuals with or without HRâHPV infection, and imply direct or indirect regulatory mechanisms for IFNâΔ transcription by HPV. Expression of IFNâΔ protein in HPV infections would require further validation