Application of artificial neural network for the critical flow prediction of discharge nozzle

System thermal-hydraulic (STH) code is adopted for nuclear safety analysis. The critical flow model (CFM) is significant for the accuracy of STH simulation. To overcome the defects of current CFMs (low precision or long calculation time), a CFM based on a genetic neural network (GNN) has been developed in this work. To build a powerful model, besides the critical mass flux, the critical pressure and critical quality were also considered in this model, which was seldom considered before. Comparing with the traditional homogeneous equilibrium model (HEM) and the Moody model, the GNN model can predict the critical mass flux with a higher accuracy (approximately 80% of results are within the ±20% error limit); comparing with the Leung model and the Shannak model for critical pressure prediction, the GNN model achieved the best results (more than 80% prediction results within the ±20% error limit). For the critical quality, similar precision is achieved. The GNN-based CFM in this work is meaningful for the STH code CFM development

Elevated serum platelet count inhibits the effects of brain functional changes on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

ObjectiveBrain function remodeling has been observed in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and is closely associated with cognitive performance. However, it is not clear if this relationship is influenced by complete blood counts. This study investigated the role of complete blood counts in the relationship between brain function and cognitive performance.MethodsTwenty-two MCI patients and eighteen controls were enrolled. All subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. A neuropsychological battery [Mini-Mental Status Examination, Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Boston Naming Test (BNT), Shape Trails Test B (STT-B), Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), and Hamilton Depression Scale] was used to assess cognitive function, and MCI patients received complete blood counts tests for red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells, hemoglobin (HGB), monocytes, and platelet counts (PLT).ResultsCompared with controls, MCI patients demonstrated significantly decreased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) values in the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, left post orbitofrontal cortex, right medial superior frontal gyrus, right insula, and left triangular inferior frontal gyrus. In the MCI group, there were associations between ALFF values of the left hippocampus (HIP.L) and AVLT (p = 0.003) and AVLT-N5 scores (p = 0.001); ALFF values of the right supramarginal gyrus (SMG.R) and BNT scores (p = 0.044); ALFF values of the right superior temporal gyrus (STG.R) and BNT scores (p = 0.022); ALFF values of the left precuneus (PCUN.L) and STT-B time (p = 0.012); and ALFF values of the left caudate nucleus (CAU.L) and RCFT-time (p = 0.036). Moreover, the HAMA scores were negatively correlated with RBC and HGB levels, and positively correlated with monocyte count. The PLT count was positively correlated with STT-B time. Additionally, high PLT count inhibited the effect of ALFF values of the PCUN. L on STT-B performance in MCI patients (p = 0.0207).ConclusionALFF values of the HIP. L, SMG.R, STG. R, PCUN.L, and CAU. L were associated with decreased memory, language, executive function, and visuospatial ability in MCI patients. Notably, elevated PLT count could inhibit the effect of brain functional changes in the PCUN.L on executive function in MCI patients

Molecular function of Krüppel-like factor 7 in biology

Krüppel-like factor 7 ( KLF7), also named ubiquitous KLF ( UKLF) based on its ubiquitous expression in adult human tissues, is a conserved gene in animals. There are few reports on KLF7 among KLFs; however, an increasing number of reports are demonstrating that KLF7 plays an important role in development and diseases. Genetic studies have shown that the DNA polymorphisms of KLF7 are associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), lachrymal/salivary gland lesions, and mental development in some populations of humans, and the DNA methylation of KLF7 is associated with the development of diffuse gastric cancer. In addition, biological function studies have shown that KLF7 regulates the development of the nervous system, adipose tissue, muscle tissue and corneal epithelium as well as the preservation of pluripotent stem cells. Additionally, disease-related studies have shown that KLF7 is involved in the development or progression of T2DM, hematologic diseases, lung cancer, gastric cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, glioma, advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer and osteosarcoma. This review provides research progress on the genetic association, molecular properties and biological function of KLF7, and it may shed light on the understanding of the molecular function of KLF7 in biology and the molecular mechanisms of some diseases

Nogo-B Promotes Angiogenesis in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy via VEGF/PI3K/Akt Pathway in an Autocrine Manner

Background/Aims: Nogo-B, a conservative protein of endoplasmic reticulum, is a member of the reticulon family of proteins. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is the major concerning problem of diabetic retinopathy. This study explored the role of Nogo-B in the regulation of angiogenesis in PDR patients and primary human retinal endothelial cells (HRMECs). Methods: Nogo-B was down-regulated through the use of Lentivirus-NogoB-RNAi, the effects of Nogo-B on angiogenesis under high glucose stimulation were evaluated via CCK-8 assay, wound closure assay, transwell assay, and tube formation assay. Expression of Nogo-B, VEGF, PI3K and Akt were determined by western blotting, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Co-culture systerm was used to explore cell communication. Results: Nogo-B was highly enriched in ocular tissues of PDR patients and in HRMECs exposed to high glucose. Down-regulation of Nogo-B attenuated high glucose induced cell migration and tube formation in HRMECs. Mechanistically, in comparison with the negative control group, Lentivirus-NogoB-RNAi group had exhibited reduced VEGF secretion, weakened PI3K and Akt activation. Besides, high glucose treatment promoted the secretion of Nogo-B and presented as a “long-term memory”. Conclusions: These data collectively indicated that Nogo-B promoted angiogenesis in HRMECs via VEGF/PI3K/Akt pathway in an autocrine manner

Preparation and Photoluminescent Properties of Tb³⁺-Doped Lu₂W₃O₁₂ and Lu₂Mo₃O₁₂ Green Phosphors

Tungstate and molybdate phosphors have received great attention for their excellent photoluminescent properties and thermal stabilities. In the article, Tb3+-activated tungstate and molybdate green phosphors were prepared by a solid-state reaction method at different caline temperatures and were compared and studied. The crystal structures and the morphologies of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. The energy-dispersive spectra (EDS) proved the compositions of the prepared samples. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra showed that the PL excitation spectra of Tb3+-doped Lu2W3O12 and Lu2Mo3O12 green phosphors consisted of a broad and strong charge transfer band (CTB) and 4f–5d transitions of Tb3+ in the ultraviolet (UV) wavelength range and some narrowed excitation peaks from the 4f–4f transition of Tb3+ in the near ultraviolet (NUV) wavelength region. The PL emission spectra of the phosphors exhibited the characteristic green emissions owing to the 5D4→7F5 transition of Tb3+ located at about 547 nm. The values of energy gap Eg were calculated based on the diffuse reflection spectra (DRS). The measuring temperature-dependent PL spectra illustrated the thermal stabilities of phosphors. The Tb3+-doped Lu2Mo3O12 phosphor presented normal thermal quenching phenomena and the values of the thermal activation energy Ea were calculated based on the measuring temperature dependent PL emission spectra. The Tb3+-doped Lu2W3O12 phosphor exhibited abnormal thermal enhancing CTB excitation intensity at about 170 °C. Furthermore, the PL decay curves suggested that the lifetime corresponding to the 5D4 level of Tb3+ in the Lu2W3O12 host lattice was longer than that in the Lu2Mo3O12 host lattice. Compared the Tb3+-doped Lu2Mo3O12 phosphor, the Tb3+-doped Lu2W3O12 phosphor has shown potential as an application in temperature sensors

Synthesis, luminescent properties and white led fabrication of SM\u3csup\u3e3+\u3c/sup\u3e doped LU2WMOO9

In this paper, Sm3+ doped Lu2W0.5Mo0.5O6, Lu2WMoO9, and Lu2(W0.5Mo0.5O4)3 materials were synthesized by using a two-step solid-state reaction method. The synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, field emission scanning electronic micrograph (FESEM) pictures, photoluminescence (PL) excitation and emission spectra, and temperature-dependent emission intensities. Orange-reddish light could be observed from the phosphors under ultraviolet (UV) 365 nm light. The Sm3+ doped Lu2WMoO9 had enhanced PL intensities compared to the other two materials. The excitation, the energy transfer, the nonradiative relaxation, and the emission processes were illustrated by using schematic diagrams of Sm3+ in Lu2MoWO9. The optimal Sm3+ doping concentration was explored in the enhancing luminescence of Lu2WMoO9. By combing the Sm3+ doped Lu2WMoO9 to UV 365 nm chips, near white lighting emitting diode (W-LED) were obtained. The phosphor can be used in single phosphor-based UVW-LEDs

Synthesis, Luminescent Properties and White LED Fabrication of Sm3+ Doped Lu2WMoO9

In this paper, Sm3+ doped Lu2W0.5Mo0.5O6, Lu2WMoO9, and Lu2(W0.5Mo0.5O4)3 materials were synthesized by using a two-step solid-state reaction method. The synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, field emission scanning electronic micrograph (FE-SEM) pictures, photoluminescence (PL) excitation and emission spectra, and temperature-dependent emission intensities. Orange-reddish light could be observed from the phosphors under ultraviolet (UV) 365 nm light. The Sm3+ doped Lu2WMoO9 had enhanced PL intensities compared to the other two materials. The excitation, the energy transfer, the nonradiative relaxation, and the emission processes were illustrated by using schematic diagrams of Sm3+ in Lu2MoWO9. The optimal Sm3+ doping concentration was explored in the enhancing luminescence of Lu2WMoO9. By combing the Sm3+ doped Lu2WMoO9 to UV 365 nm chips, near white lighting emitting diode (W-LED) were obtained. The phosphor can be used in single phosphor-based UV W-LEDs

Preparation and Photoluminescent Properties of Tb3+-Doped Lu2W3O12 and Lu2Mo3O12 Green Phosphors

Tungstate and molybdate phosphors have received great attention for their excellent photoluminescent properties and thermal stabilities. In the article, Tb3+-activated tungstate and molybdate green phosphors were prepared by a solid-state reaction method at different caline temperatures and were compared and studied. The crystal structures and the morphologies of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. The energy-dispersive spectra (EDS) proved the compositions of the prepared samples. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra showed that the PL excitation spectra of Tb3+-doped Lu2W3O12 and Lu2Mo3O12 green phosphors consisted of a broad and strong charge transfer band (CTB) and 4f–5d transitions of Tb3+ in the ultraviolet (UV) wavelength range and some narrowed excitation peaks from the 4f–4f transition of Tb3+ in the near ultraviolet (NUV) wavelength region. The PL emission spectra of the phosphors exhibited the characteristic green emissions owing to the 5D4→7F5 transition of Tb3+ located at about 547 nm. The values of energy gap Eg were calculated based on the diffuse reflection spectra (DRS). The measuring temperature-dependent PL spectra illustrated the thermal stabilities of phosphors. The Tb3+-doped Lu2Mo3O12 phosphor presented normal thermal quenching phenomena and the values of the thermal activation energy Ea were calculated based on the measuring temperature dependent PL emission spectra. The Tb3+-doped Lu2W3O12 phosphor exhibited abnormal thermal enhancing CTB excitation intensity at about 170 °C. Furthermore, the PL decay curves suggested that the lifetime corresponding to the 5D4 level of Tb3+ in the Lu2W3O12 host lattice was longer than that in the Lu2Mo3O12 host lattice. Compared the Tb3+-doped Lu2Mo3O12 phosphor, the Tb3+-doped Lu2W3O12 phosphor has shown potential as an application in temperature sensors