Real-time hard-thermal-loop gluon self-energy in a semiquark-gluon plasma

In the real time formalism of the finite-temperature field theory, we compute the one-loop gluon self-energy in a semi-quark-gluon plasma (QGP) where a background filed ${\cal Q}$ has been introduced for the vector potential, leading to a non-trivial expectation value for the Polyakov loop in the deconfined phase. Explicit results of the gluon self-energies up to the next-to-leading order in the hard-thermal-loop approximation are obtained. We find that for the retarded/advanced gluon self-energy, the corresponding contributions at next-to-leading order are formally analogous to the well-known result at ${\cal Q}=0$ where the background field modification on the Debye mass is entirely encoded in the second Bernoulli polynomials. The same feature is shared by the leading order contributions in the symmetric gluon self-energy where the background field modification becomes more complicated, including both trigonometric functions and the Bernoulli polynomials. These contributions are non-vanishing and reproduce the correct limit as ${\cal Q} \rightarrow 0$. In addition, the leading order contributions to the retarded/advanced gluon self-energy and the next-to-leading order contributions to the symmetric gluon self-energy are completely new as they only survive at ${\cal Q}\neq0$. Given the above results, we explicitly verify that the Kubo-Martin-Schwinger condition can be satisfied in a semi-QGP with non-zero background field.Comment: final version published in PR

A new model to predict the unsteady production of fractured horizontal wells

Based on the hydraulic fracture width gradually narrows along the fracture length, with consideration of the mutual influences of fracture, non-uniform inflow of fractures segments and variable mass flow in the fracture comprehensively, a spatial separation method and time separation method were used to establish fracture horizontal well’s dynamic coupling model of reservoir seepage and fracture flow. The results showed that the calculation productivity of variable width model is higher than that of the fixed width model, while the difference becomes smaller as time increase. Due to mutual interference of the fractures, the production of outer fracture is higher than that of the inner fracture. When the dimensionless fracture conductivity is 0.1, the middle segment of the fracture dominates the productivity and local peak emerges near the horizontal well. The flow in the fracture is with the ‘double U’ type distribution. As the dimensionless fracture conductivity increase, the fractures productivity mainly through the tips and the flow in the fractures with the ‘U’ type distribution. Using the established fracture width variable productivity prediction model, one can achieve the quantitative optimization of fracture shape

Correlation Analysis of 3D Printability and Rheological Properties of Sodium Alginate Hydrogels

In this study, Ca2+-induced sodium alginate hydrogel was used as a model. The rheological properties were measured via steady-state shear, oscillation strain sweep, and yield stress. The network of sodium alginate hydrogels was analyzed using water distribution and rheological parameters. After a comprehensive analysis of the morphology and Micro-CT structure of 3D printing products, the mathematical relationship between rheological parameters and 3D printing effect was established using the Spearman's correlation analysis. The results showed that the highest score of 3D printing product was prepared at the mass ratio of SA to Ca2+ at 24:1 and the concentration of SA at 4.5%. At the same time, the filament structure of 3D printing product was fine and the porosity was 12.21%. Rheological parameters of K, η1, G', G", τ0 and τy were 255.1 Pa·sn, 2740 Pa·s, 3509 Pa, 673.2 Pa, 261.4 Pa, and 51.62 Pa, respectively. The capillary water (about 99.20%) was dominant in the gel network, showing strong water holding capacity of hydrogel. Results of correlation analysis showed that the viscosity properties (K, η1, and G") were negatively correlated with the extrudability, and the correlation coefficient was -0.577. The self-supporting capacity of the 3D printing product was positively correlated with the elastic modulus and stress (G', τ0, and τy) (P<0.05)

Effects of Running Speed on Coupling between Pantograph of High-Speed Train and Tunnel Based on Aerodynamics and Multi-Body Dynamics Coupling

Featured Application:& nbsp;A coupling method between aerodynamics and multi-body dynamics is proposed. The interaction between the pantograph and its surrounding air is achieved by using the method. Its applicability is wide, which is suitable for pantograph-cantenery, car body, windshield of a high-speed train, as well as coupling analysis between aerodynamics and multi-body dynamics, aerodynamics and structural finite element in other fields. (1) Background: The ratio of railway tunnel to line is larger, which produces tunnel entrance and exit effect, aerodynamic resistance, and sudden pressure changes. When the train passes through the tunnels at high-speed, the interaction between the pantograph on it and its surrounding air intensifies and the coupling effects between the pantograph and tunnel become more significant; (2) Methods: A coupling method between aerodynamics and multi-body dynamics is proposed based on hybrid meshing and grid motion. The layered grid motion method is combined with the viscous mesh deformation method with swift, effective data exchange. The significant coupling effects between the pantograph and tunnel are revealed; (3) Results: The influence laws and evolution mechanism of running speed as it affects important service characteristics and behaviors of the pantograph are accurately quantified. Noteworthy factors include the temporal characteristics of panhead aerodynamic lift, the contact force between the pantograph and catenary, vertical displacement and acceleration of the contact strip, the phase diagram of the contact strip, and various frequency-domain characteristics. The action mechanism of running speed on the coupling effect between the pantograph and tunnel is comprehensively and accurately revealed by the proposed method; (4) Conclusions: The larger service characteristics amplitudes of the high-speed pantograph appear at low frequencies and are not multiple frequencies of the basic frequency. By comparisons, the coupling calculation results are closer to the test results than the non-coupling results regardless of the maximum, minimum, or mean.</p

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio associated with 28-day all-cause mortality in septic patients with coronary artery disease: a retrospective analysis of MIMIC-IV database

Abstract Background High Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) were associated with worse prognosis of patients with sepsis. In-hospital mortality has been reported to be higher in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and sepsis than those with sepsis alone. However, the relationship between NLR, MLR, PLR and mortality in septic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. The study aimed to explore the association between NLR, MLR, PLR and 28-day all-cause mortality in septic patients with CAD. Methods We performed an observational cohort study of septic patients with CAD from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database between 2008 and 2019. The patients were categorized by three group (Q1: low levels, Q2: medium levels, Q3: high levels) based on tertiles of NLR, MLR, and PLR. The associations between NLR, MLR, PLR and 28-day all-cause mortality were examined using the Cox proportional hazards model. Subsequently, we applied receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for predicting 28-day mortality in septic patients with CAD by combining NLR, MLR and PLR with the modified sequential organ failure assessment (mSOFA) scores. Results Overall 1,175 septic patients with CAD were included in the study. Observed all-cause mortality rates in 28 days were 27.1%. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis results showed that 28-day all-cause mortality of septic patients with CAD was significantly related to rising NLR levels (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.02; P < 0.001), MLR levels (aHR: 1.29; 95%CI: 1.18–1.41; P < 0.001), and PLR levels (aHR: 1.0007; 95%CI: 1.0004–1.0011; P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the higher levels (Q3) group of NLR, MLR, and PLR also had a higher risk of 28-day all-cause mortality than the lower (Q1) group. The area under the ROC curve of NLR, MLR, PLR, and mSOFA score were 0.630 (95%CI 0.595–0.665), 0.611 (95%CI 0.576–0.646), 0.601 (95%CI 0.567–0.636) and 0.718 (95%CI 0.689–0.748), respectively. Combining NLR, MLR, and PLR with mSOFA scores may improve ability of predicting 28-day mortality (AUC: 0.737, 95%CI 0.709–0.766). Conclusion Higher levels of NLR, MLR and PLR were associated with 28-day all-cause mortality in septic patients with CAD. Further investigation will be needed to improve understanding of the pathophysiology of this relationship

Increased expression of CSF1 in patients with eosinophilic asthma

Abstract Background The link between colony‐stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) and asthma was reported recently. However, the role and mechanism of CSF1 in asthma remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression and its potential mechanism of CSF1 in asthma. Methods CSF1 expression in the airway samples from asthmatics and healthy controls were examined, then the correlations between CSF1 and eosinophilic indicators were analyzed. Subsequently, bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS‐2B) with CSF1 overexpression and knockdown were constructed to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of CSF1. Finally, the effect of CSF1R inhibitor on STAT1 was investigated. Results The expression of CSF1 was significantly increased in patients with asthma compared to healthy controls, especially in patients with severe and eosinophilic asthma. Upregulated CSF1 positively correlated with airway‐increased eosinophil inflammation. In vitro, cytokines interleukin 13 (IL‐13) and IL‐33 can stimulate the upregulation of CSF1 expression. CSF1 overexpression enhanced p‐CSF1R/CSF1R and p‐STAT1/STAT1 expression, while knockdown CSF1 using anti‐CSF1 siRNAs decreased p‐CSF1R/CSF1R and p‐STAT1/STAT1 expression. Furthermore, the inhibitor of CSF1R significantly decreased p‐STAT1/STAT1 expression. Conclusions Sputum CSF1 may be involved in asthmatic airway eosinophil inflammation by interacting with CSF1R and further activating the STAT1 signaling. Interfering this potential pathway could serve as an anti‐inflammatory therapy for asthma

Optimization of Rectifiers in Firefighting Monitors Used in UHV Fire Safety Applications

An electric power system is an important factor in national economic development. However, as an electric power system requires more electric equipment in its operation process, it is prone to short circuits, faults and other problems, which can lead to fires. To help prevent fires in such power systems, the hydraulic performance of the existing firefighting monitor should be optimized. A rectifier is an important structure which affects the performance of the firefighting monitor. In this paper, numerical simulations based on CFD (computational fluid dynamics) are carried out to analyze the fluid flow inside firefighting monitors with five different rectifier structures. In addition, the effects of rectifier structure on both the turbulent kinetic energy and axial velocity of the fluid inside the firefighting monitor are analyzed. The results show that rectifier installation can reduce the turbulent energy of the inlet and outlet of the firefighting monitor and improve the axial velocity distribution inside the firefighting monitor. Specifically, a forked row rectifier arrangement can significantly improve the effect of flow stabilization. However, there are limits to improving rectifier stabilization performance by changing the number of blades, as too many blades can cause reverse direction flow and large pressure losses

Identification and Application of a Novel Immune-Related lncRNA Signature on the Prognosis and Immunotherapy for Lung Adenocarcinoma

Background: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) participates in the immune regulation of lung cancer. However, limited studies showed the potential roles of immune-related lncRNAs (IRLs) in predicting survival and immunotherapy response of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods: Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and ImmLnc databases, IRLs were identified through weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), Cox regression, and Lasso regression analyses. The predictive ability was validated by Kaplan–Meier (KM) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in the internal dataset, external dataset, and clinical study. The immunophenoscore (IPS)-PD1/PD-L1 blocker and IPS-CTLA4 blocker data of LUAD were obtained in TCIA to predict the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The expression levels of immune checkpoint molecules and markers for hyperprogressive disease were analyzed. Results: A six-IRL signature was identified, and patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups. The low-risk had improved survival outcome (p = 0.006 in the training dataset, p = 0.010 in the testing dataset, p p p p p p p = 0.002 in MDM2, p < 0.001 in MDM4). Conclusion: The six-IRL signature exhibits a promising prediction value of clinical prognosis and ICI efficacy in LUAD. Patients with low risk might gain benefits from ICI, although some have a risk of hyperprogressive disease

Iodopovidone is as effective as doxycycline in producing pleurodesis in rabbits

Background and objective: The mechanism by which iodopovidone achieves pleurodesis is unknown. This study investigated whether iodopovidone is as effective as doxycycline in producing pleurodesis and whether systemic corticosteroids diminish its efficacy. Methods: Four groups of seven New Zealand rabbits were assigned to the following intrapleural treatment groups: 2 mL of 2% iodopovidone, 2 mL of 4% iodopovidone, 2 mL of 4% iodopovidone plus 0.8 mg/kg triamcinolone intramuscularly weekly and 10 mL/kg doxycycline in 2 mL. Pleural fluid was collected 24, 48 and 72 h after intrapleural injections and analysed for WCC, protein and LDH levels. The rabbits were killed 2 weeks after the injections. Pleurodesis was graded macroscopically on a scale from 1 to 8. The degree of microscopic pleural fibrosis and pleural inflammation was graded from the HE stain slides. Results: The mean volume of pleural fluid as well as the mean total WCC was significantly lower in the steroid-treated group than in the other groups. The degree of the resulting pleurodesis was similar in the 2% iodopovidone (7.00 +/- 1.29), 4% iodopovidone (7.71 +/- 0.76) and doxycycline (7.14 +/- 0.90) groups (P &gt; 0.05) whereas the pleurodesis score of the steroid group (3.71 +/- 1.98) was significantly lower than all other groups (P &lt; 0.05). The degree of microscopic pleural fibrosis and pleural inflammation was significantly lower in the steroid group than in the 2% iodopovidone or 4% iodopovidone group. Conclusions: Both 2% and 4% iodopovidone can induce pleurodesis as efficaciously as doxycycline in rabbits. Systemic corticosteroids significantly decrease the efficacy of iodopovidone in producing pleurodesis