Peningkatan Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Guided Inquiry di SMP Negeri 26 Surakarta Kelas VIII-B Tahun Pelajaran 2011/ 2012

The purposes of this research is to increase students science process skills and achievement of class VIII-B SMP Negeri 26 Surakarta through the implementa-tion of Guided Inquiry learning strategy. This research is a Classroom Action Research with 4 cycles of action. Each cycle consisting of 4 phases which is planning, acting, observing, , and reflecting. Observational data obtained from the observation, and test. Technical analysis of data is technical descriptive both qualitative and quantitative. Data validation is use split half method.Result of this research show that with the implementation of Guided Inquiry strategy could increase students science process skills and achievement in Biological learning. It’s based on the result of observation and test. Average procentage for each aspect of science process skills from the result of observation first cycle are 33,19 % (worked up 16,97%), second cycle 43,22 % (worked up 10,03%), third cycle 48,23 % (worked up 5,01%), dan last cycle 60,38 % (worked up 12,15%). Average score of knowledge dimension of cognitive achievement on the first cycle 37,10 %, second cycle 42,64%, third cycle 37,72%, and the last cycle 45,22%. Score of affective achievement on the first cycle 18,52% (worked up 2,3%), second cycle 28,06% (worked up 9,54%), third cycle 38,73% (worked up 10,67%), and the last cycle 45,22% (worked up 6,49%). Score of psikomotor achievement on the first cycle 38,95% (worked up 22,71%), second cycle 43,71% (worked up 4,76%), third cycle 46,39% (worked up 2,68%), and the last cycle 48,9% (worked up 2,51%). According to this result, can be concluded that the implementation of Guided Inquiry learning strategy could increase students science process skills and achievement of class VIII B SMP Negeri 26 Surakarta class year 2011/ 2012

同窩幼犬中樞神經各部份脂質之進ㄧ步探討

[[volume]]8

Modulation of Negative Index Metamaterials in the Near-IR Range

Optical modulation of the effective refractive properties of a "fishnet" metamaterial with a Ag/Si/Ag heterostructure is demonstrated in the near-IR range and the associated fast dynamics of negative refractive index is studied by pump-probe method. Photo excitation of the amorphous Si layer at visible wavelength and corresponding modification of its optical parameters is found to be responsible for the observed modulation of negative refractive index in near-IR.Comment: 11 figures, 4 figure

Minimization of the receiver cost in an all-optical ring with a limited number of wavelengths

A new all-optical node architecture, known as \emph{Packet Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer} (POADM), may lead to a considerable cost reduction for the infrastructure of the all-optical metropolitan rings if associated with proper dimensioning studies. We present a dimensioning problem which consists of minimizing the total number of receivers located in POADMs for a metropolitan all-optical ring with a fixed number of wavelengths and a given traffic matrix. We prove that this problem is NP-complete and provide a heuristic. The heuristic principle is to match and to group transmissions instead of considering them independently. We justify the transmission group matching approach by confronting the results of our algorithm with its simplified version. The results obtained allow us to recommend the heuristic in the planning of POADM configurations in all-optical rings with a limited number of wavelengths

Kandungan Logam Berat (Cd, Hg, Dan Pb) Pada Ikan Sapu-sapu, Pterygoplichthys Pardalis (Castelnau, 1855) Di Sungai Ciliwung [Concentration of Heavy Metals (Cd, Hg, and Pb) of Amazon Sailfin Catfish, Pterygoplichthys Pardalis (Castelnau, 1855) in Ciliwung River West Java]

Ikan sapu-sapu (Loricariidae) melimpah di Sungai Ciliwung dan dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu sumber protein he-wani. Kondisi perairan Sungai Ciliwung ditengarai tercemar logam berat dan jika mengkonsumi ikan sapu-sapu dari sungai ini akan beresiko bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsentrasi logam berat (Cd, Hg, dan Pb) pada beberapa organ ikan sapu-sapu dari Sungai Ciliwung. Sampel ikan dan air sungai diambil pada musim peng-hujan dan kemarau di tiga lokasi sepanjang Sungai Ciliwung, yaitu Bogor (hulu), Depok (tengah), dan Jakarta (hilir). Konsentrasi logam berat diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer serapan atom (SSA), dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tuckey dengan bantuan program R.i7386 3.0.0. Rata-rata konsentrasi Cd pada in-sang, hati, dan otot ikan berturut-turut 0,000146 ^g.g'1; 0,000828 ^g.g'1; 0,000075 ^g.g'1. Rata-rata konsentrasi Hg pada insang, hati, dan otot ikan berturut-turut 0,002826 ^g.g'1; 0,004333 ^g.g'1; 0,003960 ^g.g'1. Rata-rata konsentrasi Pb pada insang, hati, dan otot ikan berturut-turut 0,002571 ^g.g'1; 0,005467 ^g.g'1; 0,001609 ^g.g'1. Konsentrasi ketiga logam berat pada organ ikan maupun air sungai berada di bawah nilai ambang batas menurut Standar Nasional Indonesia, FAO, maupun Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. Uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat pada organ tubuh ikan berdasarkan lokasi dan musim tidak berbeda nyata, namun konsentrasi logam berat antar organ target dan jenis logam berbeda nyata. Perlu kehati-hatian dalam mengkonsumsi ikan sapu-sapu dari Sungai Ciliwung karena beberapa logam berat telah terdeteksi pada organ ikan tersebut