Appendix.

(PDF)</p

Temporal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in five worst-hit cities in China, Jan-Feb 2021.

The light, medium and dark grey regions show periods of mild, moderate and strong NPIs respectively. The red line represents the first day of Rt Rt below the threshold. (A) Estimated Rt values from Jan 8 to Feb 6 in Shijiazhuang city. (B) From Jan 16 to Feb 11 in Suihua city. (C) From Jan 18 to Feb 8 in Tonghua city. (D) From Jan 21 to Feb 8 in Haerbin city. (E) From Jan 17 to Feb 6 in Changchun city. Rt = time-varying reproduction number.</p

The daily number of reported cases in five cities.

(XLSX)</p

Basic reproduction number (<i>R</i>_<i>0</i>) estimated by the exponential growth method.

Basic reproduction number (R0) estimated by the exponential growth method.</p

The scatter plots and fitted regression lines of <i>R</i>_<i>t</i> estimations in five worst-hit cities in China.

The “red” lines represent the cities with “Strong” level NPIs, the “blue” lines represent the cities without “Strong” level NPIs. The equations of linear regression (top right) were fitted from the Rt values from the start of calculation to the first day of Rt P value below the equations were the p-value for the hypothesis test based on the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) evaluating whether the decline in transmission rate was different across cities. Rt = time-varying reproduction number.</p

The effectiveness of NPIs in five worst-hit cities in China.

The effectiveness of NPIs in five worst-hit cities in China.</p

Epidemic curves and non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented in five worst-hit cities in China, Jan-Feb 2021.

(A)-(E) The daily number of COVID-19 infections and the timings of specific non-pharmaceutical interventions in Shijiazhuang, Suihua, Tonghua, Haerbin and Changchun cities.</p

The description of COVID-19 epidemic before imposing NPIs in five worst-hit cities in China, Jan-Feb 2021.

The description of COVID-19 epidemic before imposing NPIs in five worst-hit cities in China, Jan-Feb 2021.</p