Enhancing the EAST-ADL error model with HiP-HOPS semantics

EAST-ADL is a domain-specific modelling language for the engineering of automotive embedded systems. The language has abstractions that enable engineers to capture a variety of information about design in the course of the lifecycle — from requirements to detailed design of hardware and software architectures. The specification of the EAST-ADL language includes an error model extension which documents language structures that allow potential failures of design elements to be specified locally. The effects of these failures are then later assessed in the context of the architecture design. To provide this type of useful assessment, a language and a specification are not enough; a compiler-like tool that can read and operate on a system specification together with its error model is needed. In this paper we integrate the error model of EAST-ADL with the precise semantics of HiP-HOPS — a state-of-the-art tool that enables dependability analysis and optimization of design models. We present the integration concept between EAST-ADL structure and HiP-HOPS error propagation logic and its transformation into the HiP-HOPS model. Source and destination models are represented using the corresponding XML formats. The connection of these two models at tool level enables practical EAST-ADL designs of embedded automotive systems to be analysed in terms of dependability, i.e. safety, reliability and availability. In addition, the information encoded in the error model can be re-used across different contexts of application with the associated benefits for cost reduction, simplification, and rationalisation of dependability assessments in complex engineering designs

21ST CENTURY TEACHER’S TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCIES: THEORETICAL ANALYSIS

In the current situation, a significant part of the existing models of training specialists in the field of education no longer meet the conditions of the labour market. The most important pedagogical skills in the present time are significantly different from the skills that were relevant until recently. Knowledge is still important, but modern teachers also need to have transversal competencies to succeed in their professional activities. So, the research aim is to study the content of the phenomenon “transversal competences”, which will make the process of their forming more effective. To achieve the aim the scientific literature and pedagogical practice was analysed. It was found out that transversal competences are transferable and reusable skills that can be applied in a wide variety of situations and work settings. Transversal competencies are considered as 21st century skills and correlate mostly with human ability to solve problems, related to technological advances and intercultural communication.The analysis of the sources revealed the inconsistency in the use of terms denoting the studied concept and considerable diversity in defining the content of transversal competencies, as different sources distinguish different sets of skills. Based on the framework of transversal competences worked out by UNESCO the modern teacher’s transversal competencies were characterized in six domains: 1) critical and innovative thinking, 2) interpersonal skills, 3) intrapersonal skills, 4) global citizenship, 5) media and information literacy, and 6) others.

Transcriptome Sequencing of Solanum Nigrum Linn Reveals the Genes Related to the Biosynthesis of Flavonoids

In this work we comprehensively compared the transcriptome profiles of ripe fruits (RFs) and unripe fruits (UFs) and identified the genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis in Solanum nigrum Linn. (S. nigrum). Firstly, 118198 unigenes with a N50 length of 1339 bp were de novo assembled. In addition, 527 genes that were differential expression in RFs and UFs have been identified, including 329 down-regulated genes and 198 up-regulated genes. Especially, 8 differential expression genes (DEGs) were identified to be involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. Coincidentally, most of the 8 flavonoid-related genes were highly expressed in RFs. Finally, we found that the differential expression of three genes that were related to the synthesis of dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR), flavonoid 3’, 5’-hydroxylase (F35H) and anthocyanin synthase (ANS) was the main reason for differences in flavonoid biosynthesis between RFs and UFs of S. nigrum. This study provides some supporting information for the flavonoid accumulation in RFs. Moreover, this study can improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis in S. nigrum

A novel pattern recognition algorithm: Combining ART network with SVM to reconstruct a multi-class classifier

AbstractBased on the principle of one-against-one support vector machines (SVMs) multi-class classification algorithm, this paper proposes an extended SVMs method which couples adaptive resonance theory (ART) network to reconstruct a multi-class classifier. Different coupling strategies to reconstruct a multi-class classifier from binary SVM classifiers are compared with application to fault diagnosis of transmission line. Majority voting, a mixture matrix and self-organizing map (SOM) network are compared in reconstructing the global classification decision. In order to evaluate the method’s efficiency, one-against-all, decision directed acyclic graph (DDAG) and decision-tree (DT) algorithm based SVM are compared too. The comparison is done with simulations and the best method is validated with experimental data