Possible connection of electric field variations with the size of ice parti- cles in the polar stratosphere

Abstract. The hypothesis is proposed that ice particles of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are charged and trapped by the Earth's electric field. This hypothesis explains the absence or the lowest vertical transport of chlorine species and allows the assumption of the essential dependence of the sizes of ice particles on the magnitude of the Earth's electric field in the stratosphere. This assumption means that the ozone content in the stratosphere is closely connected to variations in the magnitude of the electric field. This conclusion is justified by experimental observations. This is the e-book version of the article, published in the Russian Journal of Earth Science

Possible connection of electric field variations with the size of ice particles in the polar stratosphere

The hypothesis is proposed that ice particles of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are charged and trapped by the Earth's electric field. This hypothesis explains the absence or the lowest vertical transport of chlorine species and allows the assumption of the essential dependence of the sizes of ice particles on the magnitude of the Earth's electric field in the stratosphere. This assumption means that the ozone content in the stratosphere is closely connected to variations in the magnitude of the electric field. This conclusion is justified by experimental observations. KEYWORDS: Ozone; polar stratospheric clouds; Earth's electric field. Citation: Belikov, Yu. E. and S. Sh. Nikolaishvili (2012), Possible connection of electric field variations with the size of ice particles in the polar stratosphere, Russ

Ab Initio Calculations of the Walls Shear Strength of Carbon Nanotubes

The dependence of the energy of interwall interaction in double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT) on the relative position of walls has been calculated using the density functional method. This dependence is used to evaluate forces that are necessary for the relative telescopic motion of walls and to calculate the shear strength of DWNT for the relative sliding of walls along the nanotube axis and for their relative rotation about this axis. The possibility of experimental verification of the obtained results is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur

The future of the world economy is an integrated world economic structure

Global changes in the modern world cannot be adequately described on the basis of neoliberal thinking and require a new approach. It can be formed on the basis of the cyclical-wave characterization of the development of mankind. The hypothesis about the wave-like development of the world economy with a certain cyclicity lies at the heart of thisresearch. The authors determined the economic basis of the formation, development and change of these waves (technological ways and technical revolutions). These changes reflect in the cyclical fluctuations of the world economy.The mechanism of these fluctuations is described by the theory of "large cycles of the economic conjuncture" by N. Kondratiev. The authors propose a methodology and methodological tools for analyzing and forecasting cyclic-wave processes in the economic development. The study has concluded that it is the regularities of K-cycles that allow one to correctly assess the ongoing processes in the world economy, to forecast possible variants of their development. The authors came to the conclusion that the development of the world economic structure is necessarily accompanied by a cyclical shift in the instruments of capital accumulation (material and financial expansion). These processes are reflected in the periodic replacement of scientific paradigms of economic development and management. The state always takes an active part in the phase of the dominance of productive capital, and the ideological paradigm is of a directing nature. While in the phase of domination of financial capital the liberal paradigm becomes dominant. We have substantiated the thesis about the transition from the American to the Asian systemic cycle of capital accumulation, which would inevitably lead in the middle of the 21st century to the shift of the center of the world economy from the West to the East. The paper concludes that the world is facing a change from the Monopolistic world economic structure to the Integrated world economic structure. The authors formulated the main contradiction of our present day - the confrontation of the dying Industrial Civilization in the face of the cumulative West and the emerging Information Society. The authors analyzed the main tendencies, problems and possible alternatives to the development of the world economy. It can ensure the development and adoption of political decisions for the most painless transition of Russia to the emerging forms and institutions of the global economy. © 2018 Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.The article has been prepared with the support by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the research project No. 18-010-00500)

Nanomechanical Properties and Phase Transitions in a Double-Walled (5,5)@(10,10) Carbon Nanotube: ab initio Calculations

The structure and elastic properties of (5,5) and (10,10) nanotubes, as well as barriers for relative rotation of the walls and their relative sliding along the axis in a double-walled (5,5)@(10,10) carbon nanotube, are calculated using the density functional method. The results of these calculations are the basis for estimating the following physical quantities: shear strengths and diffusion coefficients for relative sliding along the axis and rotation of the walls, as well as frequencies of relative rotational and translational oscillations of the walls. The commensurability-incommensurability phase transition is analyzed. The length of the incommensurability defect is estimated on the basis of ab initio calculations. It is proposed that (5,5)@(10,10) double-walled carbon nanotube be used as a plain bearing. The possibility of experimental verification of the results is discussed.Comment: 14 page

The heating rate influence on the elastic modulus temperature dependence of a corrosion-resistant nickel alloy

The temperature dependence of the elastic modulus of nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy C4 was investigated by the method of dynamic mechanical analysis. At all heating rates, an abnormal increase in the elastic modulus is observed upon heating in the temperature range of 200-300 °C. It is shown that an increase in the heating rate shifts the beginning of the observed effect to the region of higher temperatures. The temperature anomaly in the elastic modulus of the C4 alloy is explained from the standpoint of the formation of a short-range order in a solid solution. The thermodynamically equilibrium temperature of the "disorder - short-range order" transition in C4 alloy is determined to be 205 °C. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd