ДЛИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ СОХРАНЯЮЩЕЙСЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ТЕРАПИИ МОНОКЛОНАЛЬНЫМИ АНТИ-IGE-АНТИТЕЛАМИ НА ФОНЕ ИХ ВРЕМЕННОЙ ОТМЕНЫ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТЬ КУРСОВОГО ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ

Summary.The study investigated duration of treatment effect of monoclonal anti-IgE-antibodies (omalizumab) after discontinuation of the therapy in asthma patients. The study involved 23 patients treated with monoclonal anti-IgE-antibodies. Daytime and nighttime asthma symptoms, need in rescue medications, daily dose of inhaled steroids (ICS) in beclomethasone equivalents, FEV1, allergy skin tests, quality of life according to AQLQ questionnaire, and asthma control level according to GINA, 2006, were analyzed. Patient-reported control of asthma was evaluated using the Asthma Control test (ACTФ). In 2 months after discontinuation of therapy with monoclonal anti-IgE-antibodies, increase in daytime and nighttime asthma symptoms, need in rescue medications and daily doses of ICS, worsening in asthma control, increase in skin hyperreactivity to domestic and epidermal allergens, and decrease in quality of life were found (all statistically significant). Therefore, the results have shown that monoclonal anti-IgE-antibodies could be administered in discrete regimen; this would allow reduction in frequency of the patient's visits to clinic and in cost of treatment.Резюме. Было проведено исследование длительности сохраняющейся эффективности терапии моноклональными анти-IgE-антителами (омализумабом) на фоне их временной отмены. В исследование были включены 23 пациента, получавшие моноклональные анти-IgE-антитела. В ходе исследования анализировались такие показатели, как частота дневных и ночных симптомов, потребность в препаратах неотложной помощи, суточная доза ингаляционных глюкокортикостероидов (иГКС) в пересчете на беклометазона дипропионат, показатель объема форсированного выдоха за 1-ю с, показатели кожной аллерген-специфической гиперчувствительности, качество жизни (по опроснику AQLQ). Уровень контроля над бронхиальной астмой (БА) определялся согласно критериям GINA 2006 г., в качестве субъективной оценки больными контроля над заболеванием были использованы показатели теста по контролю над астмой (АСТтм). В ходе исследования через 2 мес. после отмены терапии моноклональными анти-IgE-антителами было получено статистически значимое изменение следующих показателей: увеличение частоты дневных и ночных симптомов БА, потребности в препаратах неотложной помощи,суточных доз иГКС, снижение уровня контроля над БА, усиление кожной гиперчувствительности к бытовым и эпидермальным аллергенам, ухудшение изучаемых критериев качества жизни. Таким образом, полученные данные позволяют проводить лечение моноклональными анти-IgE-антителами в дискретном режиме, что позволяет уменьшить количество визитов больного в клинику, а также снизить экономические затраты на лечение

Evaluation of Changes in Some Functional Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Induced by Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation

Each person is inevitably exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation (LDIR) throughout their life. The research results of LDIR effects are ambiguous and an accurate assessment of the risks associated with the influence of LDIR is an important task. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the regenerative reserve of an adult organism; because of this, they are a promising model for studying the effects of LDIR. The qualitative and quantitative changes in their characteristics can also be considered promising criteria for assessing the risks of LDIR exposure. The MSCs from human connective gingiva tissue (hG-MSCs) were irradiated at doses of 50, 100, 250, and 1000 mGy by the X-ray unit RUST-M1 (Russia). The cells were cultured continuously for 64 days after irradiation. During the study, we evaluated the secretory profile of hG-MSCs (IL-10, IDO, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF-A) using an ELISA test, the immunophenotype (CD45, CD34, CD90, CD105, CD73, HLA-DR, CD44) using flow cytometry, and the proliferative activity using the xCelligence RTCA cell analyzer at the chosen time points. The results of study have indicated the development of stimulating effects in the early stages of cultivation after irradiation using low doses of X-ray radiation. On the contrary, the effects of the low doses were comparable with the effects of medium doses of X-ray radiation in the long-term periods of cultivation after irradiation and have indicated the inhibition of the functional activity of MSCs

COMPLEX APPROACH FOR PORTABLE CRYOPRESERVATION OF SEGMENTS OF BLOOD VESSELS WITH POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE

Aim. To develop a safe protocol for cryopreservation of segments of iliac arteries straight after their retrieval from post-mortem donor with the use of polydimethylsiloxane as a coolant and cryoprotectant.Materials and methods. Eleven segments of iliac arteries were retrieved from post-mortem donor and divided into four groups including control. Based on preliminary heat and cold transfer mathematical modeling and tests with tissueequivalent phantom arterial segments were placed on plastic mounts and cryopreserved by following protocol: groups 1 and 2 were immersed in polydimethylsiloxane and cooled rapidly at 180 °С/min to –75 °С. Group 3 segments were cryopreserved at 1,6 °С/min in PDMS – fi lled cryo-container placed in the freezer at –80 °С. All segments were defrosted by immersion in PDMS at +24 °С and then examined for morphology changes by histological methods and SEM. EDS analysis with the use of AzTech software also was performed for Si – content evaluation. Restricted biomechanical tests were conducted for group 2 segments.Results. There were no signifi cant morphological differences between segments of the control and cryopreserved groups except for the segment with slow cooling.Conclusion. Mobile cryopreservation may allow increasing the effi ciency of retrieval of a large number of donor tissues for possible later use in the processing of bioprostheses of blood vessels; or, after decellularization, as well as tissue-specifi c matrices for tissue-engineering blood vessels