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<p>Tertiary interactions and base triples are illustrated with continuous lines. Base-pairing is indicated as follows: Watson-Crick pairs, lines; GU pairs, dots; other non-canonical pairs, circles.</p

Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in <i>L</i>. <i>trifolii</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>sativae</i> exposed to thermal stress.

(A) Volcano plot of L. trifolii of RCH vs. control pupae. (B) Volcano plot of L. sativae of RCH vs. control pupae. The y-axis represents -log10 significance, whereas the x-axis represents log2-fold change. Red dots indicate induced unigenes, whereas green dots indicate repressed unigenes. All values were obtained based on discriminative power (|fold change| ≥ 2.0 and FDR ≤ 0.05).</p

Features of <i>L</i>. <i>sativae</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>trifolii</i> in response to RCH.

Features of L. sativae and L. trifolii in response to RCH.</p

Upregulated (log2), annotated DEGs in CS vs RCH of both species.

(DOCX)</p

Optimal number of reference genes for normalization in <i>Frankliniella occidentalis.</i>

<p>The pairwise variation (Vn/Vn+1) was analyzed between normalization factors NFn and NFn+1 by geNorm program to determine the optimal number of reference genes. Values <0.15 indicate that additional genes are not required for the normalization of gene expression.</p

Upregulated (log2), annotated DEGs in control vs RCH of both species.

(DOCX)</p

The potential molecular mechanisms for interspecific competition of two leafminer flies based on comparative transcriptome analysis.

The potential molecular mechanisms for interspecific competition of two leafminer flies based on comparative transcriptome analysis.</p

Stability of reference gene expression in different tissue samples.

<p>Candidate reference genes (<i>18S rRNA, EF1, GAPDH, RPS13, RPS20, TUB</i> and <i>ACTB</i>) were evaluated using the comparative ΔCt method (A), NormFinder (B), geNorm (C) and BestKeeper (D).</p

Expression levels of candidate reference genes in different samples.

<p>The black dot indicates the mean of duplicate samples, and the bars indicate the standard deviation of the mean.</p

Summary of statistics and annotation.

Summary of statistics and annotation.</p