5,148 research outputs found
CoTDet: Affordance Knowledge Prompting for Task Driven Object Detection
Task driven object detection aims to detect object instances suitable for
affording a task in an image. Its challenge lies in object categories available
for the task being too diverse to be limited to a closed set of object
vocabulary for traditional object detection. Simply mapping categories and
visual features of common objects to the task cannot address the challenge. In
this paper, we propose to explore fundamental affordances rather than object
categories, i.e., common attributes that enable different objects to accomplish
the same task. Moreover, we propose a novel multi-level chain-of-thought
prompting (MLCoT) to extract the affordance knowledge from large language
models, which contains multi-level reasoning steps from task to object examples
to essential visual attributes with rationales. Furthermore, to fully exploit
knowledge to benefit object recognition and localization, we propose a
knowledge-conditional detection framework, namely CoTDet. It conditions the
detector from the knowledge to generate object queries and regress boxes.
Experimental results demonstrate that our CoTDet outperforms state-of-the-art
methods consistently and significantly (+15.6 box AP and +14.8 mask AP) and can
generate rationales for why objects are detected to afford the task.Comment: Accepted by ICCV 202
Crustal structure of the central Tibetan plateau and geological interpretation
Based on teleseismic data obtained from 225 stations from two networks in the central Tibetan plateau, we have generated detailed crustal structure images using P-wave receiver function techniques with more accurate piercing-depth-correction and time-depth-correction than what have previously been available. Our images indicate an undulatory Moho beneath the Tibetan plateau with a steep jump beneath the northern Himalaya, and obviously different structures in proximity to the Bangong-Nujiang suture. In several sections of the Tibetan plateau, the lower crust is characterized by pervasive high-velocity regions, which are consistent with the preservation of eclogite bodies beneath the plateau, whose presence affects the dynamics of the Tibetan plateau.China Earthquake Administration (Grant 201308013)National Natural Science Foundation (China) (Grants 40974034, 41174086, 41074052 and 41021003
DDCoT: Duty-Distinct Chain-of-Thought Prompting for Multimodal Reasoning in Language Models
A long-standing goal of AI systems is to perform complex multimodal reasoning
like humans. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable
strides in such multi-step reasoning on the language modality solely by
leveraging the chain of thought (CoT) to mimic human thinking. However, the
transfer of these advancements to multimodal contexts introduces heightened
challenges, including but not limited to the impractical need for
labor-intensive annotation and the limitations in terms of flexibility,
generalizability, and explainability. To evoke CoT reasoning in multimodality,
this work first conducts an in-depth analysis of these challenges posed by
multimodality and presents two key insights: "keeping critical thinking" and
"letting everyone do their jobs" in multimodal CoT reasoning. Furthermore, this
study proposes a novel DDCoT prompting that maintains a critical attitude
through negative-space prompting and incorporates multimodality into reasoning
by first dividing the reasoning responsibility of LLMs into reasoning and
recognition and then integrating the visual recognition capability of visual
models into the joint reasoning process. The rationales generated by DDCoT not
only improve the reasoning abilities of both large and small language models in
zero-shot prompting and fine-tuning learning, significantly outperforming
state-of-the-art methods but also exhibit impressive generalizability and
explainability.Comment: 24 pages, 13 figures, to be published in NeurIPS 202
Development and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci for Ficus hirta (Moraceae)
Microsatellite primers were developed to investigate population genetic structure in Ficus hirta (Moraceae). Sixteen microsatellite primers were developed and optimized for F. hirta using Illumina paired-end sequencing of pre-receptive and receptive developmental-phase female flowers. Out of 16 primers, nine were found to be polymorphic in four populations of F. hirta. Alleles per locus ranged from two to 15 across the 94 F. hirta individuals, while within-population observed and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.000 to 0.955 and from 0.000 to 0.882, respectively. In addition, the 16 primers were tested in 29 additional Ficus species, with all found to amplify in at least 11 of these species and with most amplifying in a majority of the species. This set of microsatellite primers is the first specifically developed for F. hirta and will facilitate studies of genetic diversity within and genetic differentiation among populations of Ficus species
A robust free-standing MoS2/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) film for supercapacitor applications
Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a promising energy storage material due to its high surface area and unique electronic structure. Free-standing flexible MoS2-based electrode is of importance for use in flexible energy storage devices, whereas there are limited reports available. In this work we developed a robust hybrid film, MoS2 incorporated with highly conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate). This free-standing film possesses excellent mechanical properties with a fracture strength of 18.0 MPa and a Young\u27s modulus of 2.0 GPa. It can deliver a large volumetric capacitance of 141.4 F cm-3, a high volumetric energy density of 4.9 mWh cm-3, and a capacitance retention rate of 98.6% after 5000 charge/discharge cycles. This film has demonstrated its application in an all-solid-state bendable supercapacitor as well
A robust free-standing MoS2/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) film for supercapacitor applications
Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a promising energy storage material due to its high surface area and unique electronic structure. Free-standing flexible MoS2-based electrode is of importance for use in flexible energy storage devices, whereas there are limited reports available. In this work we developed a robust hybrid film, MoS2 incorporated with highly conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate). This free-standing film possesses excellent mechanical properties with a fracture strength of 18.0 MPa and a Young\u27s modulus of 2.0 GPa. It can deliver a large volumetric capacitance of 141.4 F cm-3, a high volumetric energy density of 4.9 mWh cm-3, and a capacitance retention rate of 98.6% after 5000 charge/discharge cycles. This film has demonstrated its application in an all-solid-state bendable supercapacitor as well
Dense Teacher: Dense Pseudo-Labels for Semi-supervised Object Detection
To date, the most powerful semi-supervised object detectors (SS-OD) are based
on pseudo-boxes, which need a sequence of post-processing with fine-tuned
hyper-parameters. In this work, we propose replacing the sparse pseudo-boxes
with the dense prediction as a united and straightforward form of pseudo-label.
Compared to the pseudo-boxes, our Dense Pseudo-Label (DPL) does not involve any
post-processing method, thus retaining richer information. We also introduce a
region selection technique to highlight the key information while suppressing
the noise carried by dense labels. We name our proposed SS-OD algorithm that
leverages the DPL as Dense Teacher. On COCO and VOC, Dense Teacher shows
superior performance under various settings compared with the pseudo-box-based
methods.Comment: ECCV202
Stone-Wales Defects Preserve Hyperuniformity in Amorphous Two-Dimensional Materials
Crystalline two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene possess unique
physical properties absent in their bulk form, enabling many novel device
applications. Yet, little is known about their amorphous counterparts, which
can be obtained by introducing the Stone-Wales (SW) topological defects via
proton radiation. Here we provide strong numerical evidence that SW defects
preserve hyperuniformity in hexagonal 2D materials, a recently discovered new
state of matter characterized by vanishing normalized infinite-wavelength
density fluctuations, which implies that all amorphous states of these
materials are hyperuniform. Specifically, the static structure factor S(k) of
these materials possesses the scaling S(k) ~ k^{\alpha} for small wave number
k, where 1<=\alpha(p)<=2 is monotonically decreasing as the SW defect
concentration p increases, indicating a transition from type-I to type-II
hyperuniformity at p ~= 0.12 induced by the saturation of the SW defects. This
hyperuniformity transition marks a structural transition from perturbed lattice
structures to truly amorphous structures, and underlies the onset of strong
correlation among the SW defects as well as a transition between distinct
electronic transport mechanisms associated with different hyperuniformity
classes
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