Comparison between the determinate and indeterminate QFT-GIT result groups using logistic regression analysis.

<p>Comparison between the determinate and indeterminate QFT-GIT result groups using logistic regression analysis.</p

Relationship between indeterminate QFT-GIT results and diabetes mellitus using multivariable logistic regression and propensity score matched analysis.

<p>Relationship between indeterminate QFT-GIT results and diabetes mellitus using multivariable logistic regression and propensity score matched analysis.</p

Flow chart of the study protocol.

<p>We screened 3,571 subjects who underwent QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube testing (QFT-GIT) testing more than once. Of these subjects, patients who were under 18 years old (n = 127) or who underwent QFT-GIT more than twice without consistent results (n = 53) were excluded. After exclusion, 3,391 patients were enrolled in the study in which 1,265 (37.3%) had a positive QFT-GIT result, 266 (7.8%) had an indeterminate result, and 1,860 (54.9%) had a negative result.</p

Patient characteristics before and after propensity score matching.

<p>Patient characteristics before and after propensity score matching.</p

Baseline characteristics of enrolled population.

<p>Baseline characteristics of enrolled population.</p

Clinical and pleural fluid characteristics in patients with pleural infection.

<p>Clinical and pleural fluid characteristics in patients with pleural infection.</p

Univariate analysis for risk factors of 30-day mortality in patients with pleural infection according to origin of infection and culture positivity.

<p>Univariate analysis for risk factors of 30-day mortality in patients with pleural infection according to origin of infection and culture positivity.</p

Eriocaulon sexangulare L.

原著和名: オホシラタマホシクサ科名: ホシクサ科 = Eriocaulaceae採集地: 沖縄県 西表島 カンピラ滝 (琉球 西表島 カンピラ滝)採集日: 1986/12/9採集者: 萩庭丈壽整理番号: JH006192国立科学博物館整理番号: TNS-VS-95619

Effect of Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke on the Quality of Life: A Nationwide Population-Based Study from South Korea

<div><p>Background</p><p>Although exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) has been associated with various medical conditions, only limited data are available on its association with health-related quality of life (HRQOL), particularly data obtained with the EQ-5D or EQ visual analogue scale (VAS).</p><p>Methods</p><p>This cross-sectional study evaluated 10,532 adult never-smokers who participated in the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. By using linear regression models to adjust for possible confounders and incorporating survey weights in analyses, the association between exposure to SHS and HRQOL—measured with the EQ-5D index and the EQ-VAS score—was evaluated. Data were further stratified by the amount of exposure time.</p><p>Results</p><p>After weighted analysis and adjustment, exposure to SHS was significantly associated with lower measures on the EQ-5D index (β = −0.007, <i>P</i> = 0.005) and EQ-VAS score (β = −1.936, <i>P</i> < 0.001). When comparing the unexposed group with the groups exposed <2h/day and ≥2h/day, exposure to a longer duration of SHS was significantly associated with lower scores on the EQ-5D index and the EQ-VAS score.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>In conclusion, exposure to SHS was associated with reduced HRQOL measured by the EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS score, revealing a dose-response relationship.</p></div

Comparisons of antibiotics treatment according to origin of infection and culture status.

<p>Comparisons of antibiotics treatment according to origin of infection and culture status.</p