Development of a compact DFB laser interferometer for high-speed inline displacement measurement

A compact fiber laser interferometer, capable of precise displacement measurements, was devised using a 1550 nm DFB laser for frequency modulation up to 300 kHz. The system comprises a fiber laser, a fiber-optic interferometer, and a wavelength modulation system. The presented method offers nanometer-scale precision and incorporates a hydrogen cyanide (HCN) gas cell for monitoring the laser's central wavelength. A technique to compensate for modulation depth has been developed to maintain a consistent modulation depth over extensive measurement ranges. Preliminary trials reveal a measurement bias of less than 40 nm achieved over a 300 mm range at a speed of 100 mm/s compared to a calibrated interferometer. This approach proves beneficial for high-precision measurements for inline semiconductor manufacturing processes

Application of Embryonic Stem Cells on Parkinson's Disease Therapy

Embryonic stem (ES) cells have the ability to reproduce themselves for a long period and differentiate into specific morphological and functional cells. The ES cells are an important material in developmental biology, genomics, and transgenic methods, as well as in potential clinical applications, gene therapy and tissue engineering. The pluripotent ES cells will be a valuable source in the treatment of numerous functional degenerative pathologies including Parkinson's disease (PD), which is characterized by progressive and selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra. Thus, the most important for using ES cells in PD therapy is to direct their differentiation into dopaminergic phenotype to replace the degenerated cells. In this review, we summarize the neural differentiation directing protocol, transplantation results, and behavioral recovery of ES cells derived dopaminergic neurons in the therapeutic studies in PD animal models

Decision making methodologies considering uncertainty in LCC evaluation : case study of energy-saving condominium refurbishment

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : (主査)東京大学教授 野城 智也, 東京大学教授 川口 健一, 東京大学教授 大月 敏雄, 東京大学教授 堀田 昌英, 明海大学不動産学部教授 齊藤 広子University of Tokyo(東京大学

Automatic Key Posture Selection for Human Behavior Analysis

[[abstract]]A novel human posture analysis framework that can perform automatic key posture selection and template matching for human behavior analysis is proposed. The entropy measurement, which is commonly adopted as an important feature to describe the degree of disorder in thermodynamics, is used as an underlying feature for identifying key postures. First, we use cumulative entropy change as an indicator to select an appropriate set of key postures from a human behavior video sequence and then conduct a cross entropy check to remove redundant key postures. With the key postures detected and stored as human posture templates, the degree of similarity between a query posture and a database template is evaluated using a modified Hausdorff distance measure. The experiment results show that the proposed system is highly efficient and powerful[[fileno]]2030144030013[[department]]電機工程學

Assessment of Dam Removal in Dajia River Basin with Numerical Modeling

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive

Comparing the outcomes of two strategies for colorectal tumor detection: Policy-promoted screening program versus health promotion service

AbstractBackgroundThe Taiwanese government has proposed a population-based colorectal tumor detection program for the average-risk population. This study's objectives were to understand the outcomes of these screening policies and to evaluate the effectiveness of the program.MethodsWe compared two databases compiled in one medical center. The “policy-promoted cancer screening” (PPS) database was built on the basis of the policy of the Taiwan Bureau of National Health Insurance for cancer screening. The “health promotion service” (HPS) database was built to provide health check-ups for self-paid volunteers. Both the PPS and HPS databases employ the immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) and colonoscopy for colorectal tumor screening using different strategies. A comparison of outcomes between the PPS and HPS included: (1) quality indicators—compliance rate, cecum reaching rate, and tumor detection rate; and (2) validity indicators—sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values for detecting colorectal neoplasms.ResultsA total of 10,563 and 1481 individuals were enrolled in PPS and HPS, respectively. Among quality indicators, there was no statistically significant difference in the cecum reaching rate between PPS and HPS. The compliance rates were 56.1% for PPS and 91.8% for HPS (p < 0.001). The advanced adenoma detection rates of PPS and HPS were 1.0% and 3.6%, respectively (p < 0.01). The carcinoma detection rates were 0.3% and 0.4%, respectively (p = 0.59). For validity indicators, PPS provides only a positive predictive value for colorectal tumor detection. HPS provides additional validity indicators, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, for colorectal tumor screening.ConclusionIn comparison with the outcomes of the HPS database, the screening efficacy of the PPS database is even for detecting colorectal carcinoma but is limited in detecting advanced adenoma. HPS may provide comprehensive validity indicators and will be helpful in adjusting current policies for improving screening performance

THE EFFECT OF INSULIN AND CARBOHYDRATE SUPPLEMENTATION ON GLYCOGEN REPLENISHMENT AMONG DIFFERENT HINDLIMB MUSCLES IN RATS FOLLOWING PROLONGED SWIMMING

In the present study we investigated the interactive effects of insulin and carbohydrate on glycogen replenishment in different rat hindlimb muscles. Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned to 5 groups, including 1) sedentary control with carbohydrate supplement (2 g glucose · kg body wt-1), 2) sedentary rats with 16 hours recovery, carbohydrate and insulin (0.5 U · kg body wt-1), 3) swimming without recovery, 4) swimming with 16 hours recovery and carbohydrate supplement, and 5) swimming with 16 hours recovery, carbohydrate and insulin. The swimming protocol consisted of two 3 h swimming sections, which were separated by a 45 min rest. The insulin and carbohydrate were administered to the rats immediately after exercise. At the end of the experiment, the soleus (S), plantaris (P), quadriceps (Q) and gastrocnemius (G) were surgically excised to evaluate glycogen utilization and replenishment. We observed that glycogen utilization was significantly lower in G and Q than S and P during swimming (p <0.05), and S showed the greatest capacity of glycogen resynthesis after post-exercise recovery (p <0.05). In the sedentary state, the glycogen synthesis did not differ among hindlimb muscles during insulin and carbohydrate treatments. Interestingly, with insulin and carbohydrate, the glycogen resynthesis in S and P were significantly greater than in Q and G following post-exercise recovery (p <0.05). We therefore concluded that the soleus and plantaris are the primary working muscles during swimming, and the greatest glycogen replenishment capacity of the soleus during post-exercise recovery is likely due to its highest insulin sensitivity