Gamification of Digital Platform: A Meta-analysis

Gamification has become a popular tool for promoting user engagement on digital platforms. While previous studies have explored gamification affordances and desired behavioral outcomes across various contexts and perspectives, a comprehensive study that consolidates these findings has yet to be proposed. This research employs a meta-analysis research method to examine the relationship between gamification affordances, perceived value, and behavior through a review of 20 papers (N= 7733) using the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) framework. The results show that achievement-related, social-related, and immersion-related affordances influence behavior through individuals\u27 perceived functional, social, and emotional values. Significantly, achievement-related affordance and functional value have the strongest effect on user behavior. Interestingly, achievement-related affordances have the most effective influence on social value. Consequently, this study contributes to both the theoretical and practical implications of gamification literature and industry

LAWS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THROWING POWER CHANGES FOR DIFFERENT WOMEN DISCUS THROWERS

Throwing power means that rate of muscle do work when throwers do throwing movements. It depends on strength and speed of throwers. It is a sensitive index to mirror explosive force and fast strength Tl1is paper adopts experiment and video analysis methods. The purpose was to research the laws and characteristics of throwing power changes for different women’s discus throwers through measuring results of throwing various weights to deferent Chinese women’s discus throwers (master:55m, n1=13; first grade: 51m, n2=17; second grade: 39m, n3=30). The results show that following: 1.Throwing weight of women[s discus throwers is closely related to throwing power. With increasing of the weight, the power also raise gradually (r1 =0. 905, r2= o 862, r3=0.900) But when the weight comes up to a certain extent, the power not only don’t raise but also reduce obviously if the weight is continued increasing (r1 =0.996, r2=-0.964, r3= -0.933). It is various that different women’s discus throwers show the greatest throwing power and its corresponding throwing weight. Generally speaking, the higher thrower’s performance level is, the greater the greatest throwing power and its corresponding throwing weight show. Even if the level of throwers is same, the weight of the greatest throwing power is not completely sam

Efficient wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells with open-circuit voltage deficit below 0.4 V via hole-selective interface engineering

Wide-bandgap mixed-halide perovskite solar cells (WBG-PSCs) are promising top cells for efficient tandem photovoltaics to achieve high power conversion efficiency (PCE) at low cost. However, the open-circuit voltage (VOC) of WBG-PSCs is still unsatisfactory as the VOC-deficit is generally larger than 0.45 V. Herein, we report a buried interface engineering strategy that substantially improves the VOC of WBG-PSCs by inserting amphophilic molecular hole-selective materials featuring with a cyanovinyl phosphonic acid (CPA) anchoring group between the perovskite and substrate. The assembly and redistribution of CPA-based amphiphilic molecules at the perovskite-substrate buried interface not only promotes the growth of a low-defect crystalline perovskite thin film, but also suppresses the photo-induced halide phase separation. The energy level alignment between wide-bandgap perovskite and the hole-selective layer is further improved by modulating the substituents on the triphenylamine donor moiety (methoxyls for MPA-CPA, methyls for MePA-CPA, and bare TPA-CPA). Using a 1.68 eV bandgap perovskite, the MePA-CPA-based devices achieved an unprecedentedly high VOC of 1.29 V and PCE of 22.3% under standard AM 1.5 sunlight. The VOC-deficit (&lt;0.40 V) is the lowest value reported for WBG-PSCs. This work not only provides an effective approach to decreasing the VOC-deficit of WBG-PSCs, but also confirms the importance of energy level alignment at the charge-selective layers in PSCs.</p

Screening of specific diagnostic peptides of swine hepatitis E virus

© 2009 Zhao et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

Experimental study on the dynamic behavior of rubber concrete under compression considering earthquake magnitude strain rate

To examine the compressive dynamic performance of rubber concrete, a uniaxial compression experimental study on rubber concrete was carried out using a hydraulic servo based on five different rubber substitution rates under eight different earthquake magnitude loading strain rates. The compressive failure modes and stress-strain curves of rubber concrete were obtained. By comparatively analyzing the mechanical characteristics of rubber concrete under different loading conditions, the following conclusions are drawn: with the increase in rubber substitution rate, the integrity of concrete upon compressive failure is gradually improved, and rubber particles exhibit an evident modification effect on cement mortar at the concrete interface. Under the influence of loading strain rate, the patterns of compressive failure mode of rubber concrete with different substitution rates are similar to that of ordinary concrete. Under the same loading strain rate, with the increase in rubber substitution rate, the compressive strength of rubber concrete gradually decreases while the plastic deformation capacity gradually increases. For the same rubber substitution rate, the compressive strength and elastic modulus of rubber concrete gradually increases with the increase in loading strain rate. The increase in rubber substitution rate gradually reduces the increasing amplitude of compressive strength and elastic modulus of rubber concrete under the influence of loading strain rate. Meanwhile, an equation was proposed to describe the coupling effect of rubber substitution rate and strain rate on the compressive strength dynamic increase factor of rubber concrete, and the underlying stress mechanism was further discussed. These results have significance in promoting the application of rubber concrete in engineering practice