Research on a monitoring terminal for a fibre grating sensing device based on Android

AbstractAccording to the actual needs of FBG sensing instruments in terms of intelligent terminals, software for FBG sensing monitoring systems is designed based on the current mainstream Android operating system, which runs on 3G mobile phones. The software is used to remotely access and manage a fibre optic sensing device. The use of the intelligent terminal software will enhance the level of safety monitoring instrument intelligence so that the management of the monitoring system will be more flexible, system maintenance will be more convenient, and the reliability and security of monitoring equipment can also improved; i.e., it provides good value for the optical fibre sensing application

Isolation of anticancer constituents from flos genkwa (Daphne genkwa Sieb.et Zucc.) through bioassay-guided procedures

BACKGROUND: Flos Genkwa (yuanhua in Chinese), the dried flower buds of Daphne genkwa Sieb.et Zucc. (Thymelaeaceae), is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb mainly used for diuretic, antitussive, expectorant, and anticancer effects. However, systematic and comprehensive studies on Flos Genkwa and its bioactivity are limited. RESULTS: After confirmation of the anti-tumor activity, the 95% ethanolic extract was subjected to successive solvent partitioning to petroleum ether, dichloromethane, n-butanol, and water soluble fractions. Each fraction was tested using the same biological activity model, and the dichloromethane fraction had the highest activity. The dichloromethane fraction was subjected to further chromatographic separation for the isolation of compounds 1–13. Among the 13 compounds, the diterpene esters (compounds 10–13) showed anticancer activity, whereas the flavonoids, lignanoids, and peptides showed moderate activity. Compound 13 was a new daphnane diterpenoid, which was named genkwanin VIII. The preliminary antitumor mechanism of yuanhuacine was studied by protein expression and cell cycle analysis in MCF-7 cancer cells. CONCLUSION: The present investigation tends to support the traditional use of Flos Genkwa for treating cancer. Through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation techniques, the CH(2)Cl(2) fraction was determined as the active fraction of the flower buds of D. genkwa, and the anti-tumor activity was ascribable to the compounds 10–13

BRAF L485–P490 deletion mutant metastatic melanoma sensitive to BRAF and MEK inhibition: A case report and literature review

Background: The combination therapy of BRAF inhibitors (BRAFis) and MEK inhibitors (MEKis) has been approved as a first-line treatment for metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600 mutants. Recently, BRAF mutations have been divided into three subtypes based on biochemical and signaling characteristics. Unlike V600 mutants that show class I BRAF mutations, evidence of the effects of using BRAF inhibitors and MEK inhibitors in patients with non-V600 BRAF mutations remains unclear. The exploration of effective therapy for non-V600 BRAF mutations in melanoma has thus attracted much interest.Case presentation: We reported a case of a 64-year-old female metastatic melanoma patient with a novel BRAF p.L485–P490 deletion mutation. The patient received anti-PD1 agent pembrolizumab (100 mg) therapy as the first-line treatment for two cycles, which was terminated due to an intolerable adverse effect. Considering the p.L485–P490 deletion mutation signal as an active dimer which is akin to a class II BRAF mutation, the patient underwent dabrafenib and trametinib combination therapy as a second-line treatment. After two cycles of combination treatment, the patient achieved a partial response confirmed by radiological examinations. At the last follow-up date, the patient had obtained over 18 months of progression-free survival, and the treatment was well tolerated.Conclusion: The combination therapy of dabrafenib and trametinib has been proven to be an effective method as a later-line therapy for metastatic melanoma patients with class II BRAF in-frame deletion mutations

CyberKnife with Tumor Tracking: An Effective Treatment for High-Risk Surgical Patients with Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Published data suggests that wedge resection for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with improved overall survival compared to stereotactic body radiation therapy. We report CyberKnife outcomes for high-risk surgical patients with biopsy-proven stage I NSCLC. PET/CT imaging was completed for staging. Three-to-five gold fiducial markers were implanted in or near tumors to serve as targeting references. Gross tumor volumes (GTVs) were contoured using lung windows; the margins were expanded by 5 mm to establish the planning treatment volume (PTV). Treatment plans were designed using a mean of 156 pencil beams. Doses delivered to the PTV ranged from 42 to 60 Gy in three fractions. The 30 Gy isodose contour extended at least 1 cm from the GTV to eradicate microscopic disease. Treatments were delivered using the CyberKnife system with tumor tracking. Examination and PET/CT imaging occurred at 3 month follow-up intervals. Forty patients (median age 76) with a median maximum tumor diameter of 2.6 cm (range, 1.4–5.0 cm) and a mean post-bronchodilator percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) of 57% (range, 21–111%) were treated. A median dose of 48 Gy was delivered to the PTV over 3–13 days (median, 7 days). The 30 Gy isodose contour extended a mean 1.9 cm from the GTV. At a median 44 months (range, 12–72 months) follow-up, the 3 year Kaplan–Meier locoregional control and overall survival estimates compare favorably with contemporary wedge resection outcomes at 91 and 75%, respectively. CyberKnife is an effective treatment approach for stage I NSCLC that is similar to wedge resection, eradicating tumors with 1–2 cm margins in order to preserve lung function. Prospective randomized trials comparing CyberKnife with wedge resection are necessary to confirm equivalence

CyberKnife with Tumor Tracking: An Effective Treatment for High-Risk Surgical Patients with Single Peripheral Lung Metastases

Standard treatment for operable patients with single peripheral lung metastases is metastasectomy. We report mature CyberKnife outcomes for high-risk surgical patients with biopsy proven single peripheral lung metastases. Twenty-four patients (median age 73 years) with a mean maximum tumor diameter of 2.5 cm (range, 0.8–4.5 cm) were treated over a 6-year period extending from September 2004 to September 2010 and followed for a minimum of 1 year or until death. A mean dose of 52 Gy (range, 45–60 Gy) was delivered to the prescription isodose line in three fractions over a 3–11 day period (mean, 7 days). At a median follow-up of 20 months, the 2-year Kaplan–Meier local control and overall survival rates were 87 and 50%, respectively. CyberKnife with fiducial tracking is an effective treatment for high-risk surgical patients with single small peripheral lung metastases. Trials comparing CyberKnife with metastasectomy for operable patients are necessary to confirm equivalence

l(1)-regularized maximum likelihood estimation with focused-spot illumination quadruples the diffraction-limited resolution in fluorescence microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy has proven to be a useful tool in biological studies. To achieve more than two-fold resolution improvement over the diffraction limit, existing methods require exploitation of the physical properties of the fluorophores. Recently, it has been demonstrated that achieving more than two-fold resolution improvement without such exploitation is possible using only a focused illumination spot and numerical post-processing. However, how the achievable resolution is affected by the processing step has not been thoroughly investigated. In this paper, we focus on the processing aspect of this emerging super-resolution microscopy technique. Based on a careful examination of the dominant noise source and the available prior information in the image, we find that if a processing scheme is appropriate for the dominant noise model in the image and can utilize the prior information in the form of sparsity, improved accuracy can be expected. Based on simulation results, we identify an improved processing scheme and apply it in a real-world experiment to super-resolve a known calibration sample. We show an improved super-resolution of 60nm, approximately four times beyond the conventional diffraction-limited resolution.</p

Achieving superresolution with illumination-enhanced sparsity.

Recent advances in superresolution fluorescence microscopy have been limited by a belief that surpassing two-fold resolution enhancement of the Rayleigh resolution limit requires stimulated emission or the fluorophore to undergo state transitions. Here we demonstrate a new superresolution method that requires only image acquisitions with a focused illumination spot and computational post-processing. The proposed method utilizes the focused illumination spot to effectively reduce the object size and enhance the object sparsity and consequently increases the resolution and accuracy through nonlinear image post-processing. This method clearly resolves 70nm resolution test objects emitting ~530nm light with a 1.4 numerical aperture (NA) objective, and, when imaging through a 0.5NA objective, exhibits high spatial frequencies comparable to a 1.4NA widefield image, both demonstrating a resolution enhancement above two-fold of the Rayleigh resolution limit. More importantly, we examine how the resolution increases with photon numbers, and show that the more-than-two-fold enhancement is achievable with realistic photon budgets

Personalized anesthesia and precision medicine: a comprehensive review of genetic factors, artificial intelligence, and patient-specific factors

Precision medicine, characterized by the personalized integration of a patient’s genetic blueprint and clinical history, represents a dynamic paradigm in healthcare evolution. The emerging field of personalized anesthesia is at the intersection of genetics and anesthesiology, where anesthetic care will be tailored to an individual’s genetic make-up, comorbidities and patient-specific factors. Genomics and biomarkers can provide more accurate anesthetic protocols, while artificial intelligence can simplify anesthetic procedures and reduce anesthetic risks, and real-time monitoring tools can improve perioperative safety and efficacy. The aim of this paper is to present and summarize the applications of these related fields in anesthesiology by reviewing them, exploring the potential of advanced technologies in the implementation and development of personalized anesthesia, realizing the future integration of new technologies into clinical practice, and promoting multidisciplinary collaboration between anesthesiology and disciplines such as genomics and artificial intelligence