Complete monogamy of the multipartite quantum mutual information

Quantum mutual information (QMI) not only displays the mutual information in the system but also demonstrates some quantum correlation beyond entanglement. We explore here the two alternatives of multipartite quantum mutual information (MQMI) based on the von Neumann entropy according to the framework of the complete measure of multi-particle quantum system. We show that these two MQMI are complete, monogamous on pure states, and one of them is not only completely monogamous but also tightly complete monogamous while another one is not. Moreover, we present another two MQMI by replacing the von Neumann entropy with the Tasllis $q$-entropy from the former two ones. It is proved that one of them displays some degree of ``completeness'' as a measure of multi-particle quantum system, but the other one is not even non-negative and thus it can not be a alternative of MQMI. We also discuss the triangle relation for these three alternatives of MQMI. It is shown that the triangle inequalities hold for the former two MQMI as that of entanglement measure but the later one fails. By comparison, we found that the von Neumann entropy is better than other versions of entropy as desired when we characterize the quantum correlation in multi-particle system.Comment: 10 pages, one table. Some errors and typoes are correcte

Translocation and metabolism of tricresyl phosphate in rice and microbiome system: Isomer-specific processes and overlooked metabolites.

Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is extensively used organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers that posed risks to organisms and human beings. In this study, the translocation and biotransformation behavior of isomers tri-p-cresyl phosphate (TpCP), tri-m-cresyl phosphate (TmCP), and tri-o-cresyl phosphate (ToCP) in rice and rhizosphere microbiome was explored by hydroponic exposure. TpCP and TmCP were found more liable to be translocated acropetally, compared with ToCP, although they have same molecular weight and similar Kow. Rhizosphere microbiome named microbial consortium GY could reduce the uptake of TpCP, TmCP, and ToCP in rice tissues, and promote rice growth. New metabolites were successfully identified in rice and microbiome, including hydrolysis, hydroxylated, methylated, demethylated, methoxylated, and glucuronide- products. The methylation, demethylation, methoxylation, and glycosylation pathways of TCP isomers were observed for the first time in organisms. What is more important is that the demethylation of TCPs could be an important and overlooked source of triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), which broke the traditional understanding of the only man- made source of toxic TPHP in the environment. Active members of the microbial consortium GY during degradation were revealed and metagenomic analysis indicated that most of active populations contained TCP- degrading genes. It is noteworthy that the strains and function genes in microbial consortium GY that responsible for TCP isomers’ transformation were different. These results can improve our understanding of the translocation and transformation of organic pollutant isomers in plants and rhizosphere microbiome

Model Simulation of Cucumber Yield and Microclimate Analysis in a Semi-closed Greenhouse in China

Adequate greenhouse environmental management is very important for improving resource use efficiency and increasing vegetable yield. The objective of this study was to explore suitable climate and cultivation management for cucumber to achieve high yield and build optimal yield models in semi-closed greenhouses. A fruit cucumber cultivar Deltastar was grown over 4 years in greenhouse and weekly data of yields (mean, highest and lowest) and environmental variables, including total radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration were collected. Regression analyses were applied to develop the relationships and build best regression models of yields with environmental variables using the first 2 years of data. Data collected in years 3 and 4 were used for model validation. Results showed that total radiation, nutrient, temperature, CO2 concentration, and average nighttime relative humidity had significant correlations with cucumber yields. The best regression models fit the mean, lowest, and highest yields very well with R2 values of 0.67, 0.66, and 0.64, respectively. Total radiation and air temperature had the most significant contributions to the variations of the yields. Our results of this study provide useful information for improving greenhouse climate management and yield forecast in semi-closed greenhouses

Exogenous glutathione improves high root-zone temperature tolerance by modulating photosynthesis, antioxidant and osmolytes systems in cucumber seedlings

To investigate the physiological responses of plants to high root-zone temperature (HT, 35 °C) stress mitigated by exogenous glutathione (GSH), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings were exposed to HT with or without GSH treatment for 4 days and following with 4 days of recovery. Plant physiological variables, growth, and gene expression related to antioxidant enzymes and Calvin cycle were quantified. The results showed that HT significantly decreased GSH content, the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), chlorophyll content, photosynthesis and related gene expression, shoot height, stem diameter, as well as dry weight. The exogenous GSH treatment clearly lessened the HT stress by increasing the above variables. Meanwhile, HT significantly increased soluble protein content, proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) content as well as O2•− production rate, the gene expression and activities of antioxidant enzymes. The GSH treatment remarkably improved soluble protein content, proline content, antioxidant enzymes activities, and antioxidant enzymes related gene expression, and reduced the MDA content and O2•− production rate compared to no GSH treatment in the HT condition. Our results suggest that exogenous GSH enhances cucumber seedling tolerance of HT stress by modulating the photosynthesis, antioxidant and osmolytes systems to improve physiological adaptation

Numerical analysis on longitudinal seismic responses of high-speed railway bridges isolated by friction pendulum bearings

As to analyze the effects of friction pendulum bearings (FPB) on the responses of simply supported bridges on a high-speed railway under longitudinal earthquakes, a spatially integrated track-bridge model with a CRTS II slab ballastless track and FPB was established by using the OpenSEES software. The seismic responses under different ground motions were calculated and compared with those using common spherical steel bearings. The comparison results show that the combination of FPB and the CRTS II slab ballastless track is more reasonable. Namely, using FPB can effectively protect the bridge and track structures. Moreover, the rails, fasteners, CA layer and piers are perfectly protected by multi-layer isolation mechanics, induced by FPB and sliding layer, even under strong earthquakes. Finally, 0.05 is identified to be the best value for the friction coefficient of FPB under longitudinal earthquakes

Magnetic properties and geochemistry of the Xiashu Loess in the present subtropical area of China, and their implications for pedogenic intensity

Abstract Variations in the magnetic susceptibility of Chinese loess have been used to indicate pedogenic intensity and therefore past climate across the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). However, the relationship between climate and magnetic properties has not been fully resolved, and therefore a study of loess sections distributed over a wider climatic region is timely. In this study, we have investigated a 22.1 m loess section (named the Xiashu Loess) at Dagang, China, by integrating both rock magnetic and geochemical proxies. This loess profile is situated in a modern subtropical climate region with annual mean precipitation and temperature of 1100 mm and 15.4°C, respectively, and therefore has experienced a stronger weathering intensity due to its lower latitude, higher temperature and rainfall. Geochemical and magnetic evidence indicate the same source area for the Xiashu Loess as for loess in northern China. The magnetic mineral assemblage of the Xiashu Loess is dominated by a higher concentration of superparamagnetic (SP)/single domain (SD) magnetite/maghemite grains in strongly weathered paleosols than in the loess layers, consistent with the production of fine-grained ferrimagnetic minerals during pedogenic processes. Nevertheless, compared to loess in the CLP, the Xiashu Loess shows: 1) reduced contrasts in magnetic susceptibility (χ), Hard Isothermal Remanent Magnetization (HIRM) and remanence of coercivity (B cr ) between loess and paleosols units, which indicates that the loess units have undergone stronger pedogenic alterations; 2) lower peak values of HIRM and χ in paleosols. In addition, the ratios SIRM/χ, χ ARM /SIRM (where SIRM and χ ARM are Saturation Isothermal Remanent Magnetization and the susceptibility of Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization, respectively) and B cr are found to be significantly correlated with the quotient (CaO ⁎ + Na 2 O + MgO)/TiO 2 , a geochemical indicator of pedogenic intensity. Overall, it seems that pedogenic processes in the Xiashu Loess lead to a relative increase in fine-grained ferrimagnetic SP/SD grains but depletion of anti-ferromagnetic minerals. Magnetic and geochemical proxies indicate strengthened East Asia summer monsoon during Marine Isotope Stages 13, 11 and 5, which is in good agreement with the records from the CLP and the South China Sea