Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in shanghai, China, 1983-2007

Increasing incidences of thyroid cancer were observed in some countries, like USA, UK, France, etc. Jointpoint regression was used to analyze the incidence of thyroid cancer in Shanghai, China, from 1983 to 2007. The results showed there were both two distinct slopes, in males representing a significant APC of 2.6% from 1983 to 2000 (P<0.001), followed by a sharply increased APC of 14.4% (P <0 .001), and in females representing a significant APC of 4.9% from 1983 to 2003 (P<0.001), followed by a sharply increased APC of 19.9% (P =0 .001). Incidence of thyroid cancer increased 5 to 8 years after the supplement of iodine, for males and females respectively, suggesting that either the developed screening techniques or supplement of iodine might contribute to this accelerated increase in incidence of thyroid cancer. The predicated future burdens indicated that thyroid cancer is never an unusual cancer, either in the present or in the future

Farmers’ Choice and Informal Credit Markets in China

Informal credit markets are very active in many developing countries including China. Informal financial associations have become a major channel of borrowing. Using data from the 2006 Rural Household Survey, this paper investigates farmers’ borrowings from both formal and informal sources with higher/lower interest, by looking into both demand and supply of loan. Consistent with the theory and previous studies, age follows an inverted U-shaped pattern in its relationship with the probability of borrowing from informal loan with higher interest. Our study shows that the impact of age disappears for the formal loan participation. In addition, high income and saving imply lower credit constraints. Moreover, household and county characteristics and financial conditions have a large and varying influence on farmers’ borrowing behavior.informal credit, financial constraints, China, Agricultural Finance, Community/Rural/Urban Development, International Development, Q12, C5, G21,

Phenanthrenequinone Photoclick Chemistry

Photoclick reactions, as a novel and distinctive type of click reaction that combines the principle of photochemistry and click chemistry, offer an optimal platform for achieving selective product formation, high conversion rates, rapid reaction kinetics, compatibility with diverse functional groups and mild reaction conditions. These reactions enable precise synthesis, demonstrate exceptional spatiotemporal resolution, and have a wide range of applications, which includes but is not limited to drug discovery, polymer synthesis, materials science, and bioimaging. The 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (PQ) - electron rich alkene (ERA) photocycloadditions photoclick reaction deserves special attention due to its good kinetics, biocompatibility, and ability to respond to visible light, making it highly captivating. However, further comprehensive research is essential to advance our understanding of this reaction, develop novel alternatives and unravel its underlying mechanisms, paving the way for future advancements in this field.The main focus of this dissertation is the visible and near-infrared light (NIR) light-induced PQ-ERA photoclick reaction system. It encompasses several key aspects, including investigating the reaction mechanism, optimizing reactivity through the development of new traps, achieving a redshift of the driving wavelength using strategies like triplet-triplet energy transfer (TTET) and upconverting nanoparticles (UCNP), and exploring practical applications such as synthesizing 18F-PET tracers

Vulnerable Labour Condition of Single Mother’s Children in Bangladesh and Comprising a Special Law to Sustain Their Rights

Bangladesh has numerous socio economic disputes and obstruction as it is one of the developing countries in the world. Protection of child right is extremely insightful question as well as a big challenge for the country. In this paper I have intended to accomplish a profound study based on vulnerability of labour condition of single mother’s children in Bangladesh. Single mothers are becoming deserted with children as a result most of the  divorced, separated or widow single mothers are experiencing severe financial destitution as well as a large amount of children are becoming shelterless and experiencing the rigid reality of extreme poverty. Consequently the children are being occupied in different types of forced works to earn basic needs. Since secured life of single mothers by law can provide a better life to the children therefore in this work I will also focus on comprising a special law in support of the single mothers of Bangladesh to protect children from forced and hazardous labour. Keywords: Child labour, single mother, special law, poverty, hazardous work DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/84-11 Publication date: April 30th 201

Traumatic Children, Violent Single Mother Headed Family and Legal Aid

Instigation of trauma or distress begins from a quantity of grievance which could be physical or physiological. These two are intensely interrelated with each other. Since mental health controls over the body similarly abusing physically may cause cerebral illness today or later. There are many contention in the society which are apparently taken lightly though these weights heavy for the victims or sufferers. Single mothers are dreadfully defiled by the society as a result their children are also suffering tremendously in silent comportment. This paper has been articulated particularly for traumatized children of single mother headed family who are repeatedly being offended due to direct or indirect abuse by their family members or by the society. In addition, since scarcity of single mother is the key reason of abusive structure and environment of the family thus the aim of this paper is to illustrate protection of these peer of the children by ensuring a special law for single mothers in Bangladesh. Keywords: Single mother, trauma, violence, legislation, legal aid. DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/84-08 Publication date: April 30th 201

Application of Bayesian Methods to Exposure Assessment of Area Concentrations at a Rubber Factory

The present study estimated area concentrations of airborne benzene in several workshops using Bayesian methods based on available historical measurements. A rubber products factory utilizing benzene was investigated. Historical measurements of benzene concentrations, expert experiences, and deterministic modeling were utilized in a Bayesian Method to estimate area concentrations. Historical concentrations (n=124) were available with the geometric mean of 15.3 mg/m3. The geometric mean of the current field measurements on the workstations ranged from 0.7 to 89.0 mg/m3. One of the seven historical geometric means by work locations significantly differed from the field measurements for equivalent locations, but none of the geometric means of Bayesian estimates were significantly different from the field measurement results. The Bayesian methods based on the historical measurements appeared to be a useful tool for more closely estimating area concentrations shown by field data than that predicted only using historical measurements

Combination of CT and RT-PCR in the screening or diagnosis of COVID-19

[No abstract available