A unified data flow model for fault tolerant computers

The Dataflow Simulation System (DFSS) at USL was used as the medium on which a functional simulaton of sIFT was produced. DFSS is written in PL/I and is supported by MULTICS. Within the simulation, all the interprocessor communication, fault simulation, system state data, and monitoring were implemented in dataflow and supported directly by DFSS. The actual processor level computation was carried out by the SIFT code in PASCAL. The interface between DFSS in PL/I and the SIFT code in PASCAL was supported under a mechanism in DFSS called a Node Realization Module (NRM)

First Report of Intestinal Myiasis Due To Eristalis tenax in Iran

Eristalis tenax, belonging to order Diptera, family Syrphidae seldomly causes intestinal myiasis. Intestinal myiasis caused by E. tenax larvae is a rare manifestation found in both humans and other vertebrate animals. We report a 22-year-old woman presented with this myiasis. The larva in her stool sample was identified as E. tenax related to its typical morphology and authentic clues. Lack of specific control measures in the domestic water supply system was the most probable cause of this infestation

Novel Approach to Repairing a Traumatic Aortic Arch Pseudoaneurysm Following a Fall.

Traumatic pseudoaneurysms of the aortic arch are often treated with surgical repair regardless of the lesion size or age. The authors report a simple, less invasive surgical repair in a patient who sustained blunt aortic injury following a fall

First report of Ancylostoma tubaeforme in Persian Leopard (Panthera pardus saxicolor)

Ancylostoma tubaeforme was originally described as a separate species parasitizing the cat. The adults of A. tubaeforme are 7 to 12 mm long. A. tubaeforme can be differentiated from the adults of A. braziliense and A. ceylanicum by the presence of three teeth. Here we describe the first report of A. tubaeforme in a Persian young female leopard, 2–3 years old, with head and trunk length 120 centimeters, length of tail 98 centimeters and body weight 35 kilograms

Optimal B-spline Mapping of Flow Imaging Data for Imposing Patient-specific Velocity Profiles in Computational Hemodynamics.

OBJECTIVE: We propose a novel method to map patient-specific blood velocity profiles obtained from imaging data such as 2D flow MRI or 3D colour Doppler ultrasound) to geometric vascular models suitable to perform CFD simulations of haemodynamics. We describe the implementation and utilisation of the method within an open-source computational hemodynamics simulation software (CRIMSON). METHODS: The proposed method establishes point-wise correspondences between the contour of a fixed geometric model and time-varying contours containing the velocity image data, from which a continuous, smooth and cyclic deformation field is calculated. Our methodology is validated using synthetic data, and demonstrated using two different in-vivo aortic velocity datasets: a healthy subject with normal tricuspid valve and a patient with bicuspid aortic valve. RESULTS: We compare our method with the state-of-the-art Schwarz-Christoffel method, in terms of preservation of velocities and execution time. Our method is as accurate as the Schwarz-Christoffel method, while being over 8 times faster. CONCLUSIONS: Our mapping method can accurately preserve either the flow rate or the velocity field through the surface, and can cope with inconsistencies in motion and contour shape. SIGNIFICANCE: The proposed method and its integration into the CRIMSON software enable a streamlined approach towards incorporating more patient-specific data in blood flow simulations

Synthesis, Characterization and Corrosion Inhibition Potential of Olefin Derivatives for Carbon Steel in 1M HCl: Electrochemical and DFT Investigations

This research aims to evaluate the anticorrosive properties of three olefins derivatives synthesized by the microwave oven technique in a dry environment. These olefins have been identified using different analytical methods, including NMR, IR and XRD. The corrosion inhibition of these compounds for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution was studied using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The experimental results show that the tested compounds are good corrosion inhibitors for steel in an acidic media. Furthermore, the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentration and decreased with increasing temperature. The PDP study showed the mixed type nature of these inhibitors, whereas thermodynamic parameters suggested that their adsorption obeys the Langmuir isotherm model. The EIS measurements revealed that the corrosion of the steel is produced by a single mechanism, which is charge transfer. SEM with EDX analysis confirmed the protection of the steel surface by the adsorption of the inhibitors. The relationship between the electronic properties of the inhibitors and the protective ability was further discussed using DFT calculations. Both experimental and theoretical results are well compatible and complement each other well

Assessment of the Corrosion Inhibition Ability of Eucalyptus globulus Leaf Extract Essential Oil on C24 Steel in a 1M HCl Environment

This study examined the properties of the essential oil of Eucalyptus globulus, an aromatic plant present in Senegal. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by usual gas chromatography (GC/Ir and GC/MS). The main chemical compounds identified were eucalyptol (40.42%), α-phellandrene (8.92%), limonene (7.17%), and α-pinene (6.49%). The inhibitory effect of this essential oil on C24 steel in 1M HCl medium was also evaluated using electrochemical methods. The results indicated a maximum effectiveness of 80.6% at an essential oil concentration of 1.5 g/L and a temperature of 290 K. Beyond this concentration, the effectiveness decreased. We also examined the influence of temperature on the inhibitory action of the essential oil, in a range from 290 to 328 K. We found a decrease in effectiveness with increasing temperature, reaching 48.67% at 328 K. In addition, the thermodynamic quantities were calculated. The isotherm results demonstrated that the adsorption of the essential oil follows the Langmuir isotherm, suggesting a physical adsorption character of this essential oil on the C24 steel

Fate of the Aortic Arch Following Surgery on Aortic Root and Ascending Aorta in Bicuspid Aortic Valve.

BACKGROUND: Recent guidelines support more aggressive surgery for aneurysms of the ascending aorta and root in patients with bicuspid aortic valve. However, the fate of the arch after surgery of the root and ascending aorta is unknown. We set out to assess outcomes following root and ascending aortic surgery and subsequent growth of the arch. METHODS: Between 2005 and 2016, 536 consecutive patients underwent surgery for aneurysm of the root and ascending aorta. 168 had bicuspid aortic valve. Patients with dissection were excluded. Arch diameter was measured before and after surgery, at six months and then annually. RESULTS: Of 168 patients, 127 (75.6%) had aortic root replacement and 41 (24.4%) had ascending replacement. Mean age was 57±12.8 years, 82.7% were males and five operations were performed during pregnancy. There was one (0.6%) hospital death. One (0.6%) patient had a stroke and one (0.6%) had re-sternotomy for bleeding. Median ICU and hospital stays were 1 and 6 days respectively. Follow-up was complete for 94% at a median of 5.9 years (1-139 months). Aortic arch diameter was 2.9 cm preoperatively and 3.0 cm at follow-up. There was 97% freedom from reoperation and none of the patients required surgery on the arch. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic arch replacement during aortic root and ascending aortic surgery in patients with bicuspid aortic valve is not supported. Our data does not support long term surveillance of the rest of the aorta in this population

Aortic valve opening and closure: the clover dynamics.

Background: Systolic aortic root expansion is reported to facilitate valve opening, but the precise dynamics remain unknown. A sonometric study with a high data sampling rate (200 to 800 Hz) was conducted in an acute ovine model to better understand the timing, mechanisms, and shape of aortic valve opening and closure. Methods: Eighteen piezoelectric crystals were implanted in 8 sheep at each annular base, commissures, sinus of Valsalva, sinotubular junction, nodulus of Arantius, and ascending aorta (AA). Geometric changes were time related to pressures and flows. Results: The aortic root was hemodynamically divided into left ventricular (LV) and aortic compartments situated, respectively, below and above the leaflets. During isovolumetric contraction (IVC), aortic root expansion started in the LV compartment, most likely due to volume redistribution in the LV outflow tract below the leaflets. This expansion initiated leaflet separation prior to ejection (2.1%±0.5% of total opening area). Aortic compartment expansion was delayed toward the end of IVC, likely related to volume redistribution above the leaflets due to accelerating aortic backflow toward the aortic valve and coronary flow reduction due to myocardial contraction. Maximum valve opening during the first third of ejection acquired a truncated cone shape [leaflet free edge area smaller than annular base area (-41.5%±5.5%)]. The distal orifice became clover shaped because the leaflet free edge area is larger than the commissural area by 16.3%±2.0%. Conclusions: Aortic valve opening is initiated prior to ejection related to delicate balance between LV, aortic root, and coronary dynamics. It is clover shaped at maximum opening in systole. A better understanding of these mechanisms should stimulate more physiological surgical approaches of valve repair and replacement