Formulating the Cyber Security Culture in Organizations: Proposing and Arguing Insights

Purpose: This research aims to enhance practical organizational practices and academic research literature by critically investigating the latest findings in cybersecurity culture research through a systematic review of relevant literature and research.   Theoretical Framework:This work seeks to summarize key research developments in a research area that remains challenging for companies as they seek to build strong security cultures to protect their information (Tripwire, 2020). And reviewing the legal regulations that must be trained to protect institutions from cyber threats in the Kingdom of Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.   Design/Methodology/Approach: The methodology of this study implements a systematic literature review to assess the main components of cybersecurity culture and what good practice can help to build it professionally.    Findings: The main results find that current literature must move from a technical approach to information security to a socio-cultural one. Also, this study predicts that cybercrime will increase dramatically and cost the world trillions annually.    Research Practical and Social Implications: this study attempts to define human resource management's role in cybersecurity awareness training and therfore the managers can deveplo the necessary rules to secure the organizational information.   Originality/Value: The study is within the first studies  to  be  conducted  in  GCC countries.  Moreover, the  to build a cyber security culture is unique topic add on to the academic knowledge. Also, can motivate the future studies to focus on efficiently organizing security procedures and enhancing security readiness appraisal consequences by providing more perceptions of imminent threats and security hazards.

Cultural Intelligence and Diversity in Higher Education: A Case Study from Bahrain

Universities and different higher education instructions in Bahrain are multicultural in nature. In this context, cultural intelligence (CQ) is a tool that can increase an individual’s ability to interact with people outside their culture. This study aims to provide a shred of empirical evidence on the value of using a coherent organizational framework of Cultural Intelligence to pursue tasks effectively in diverse contexts. Hence, a qualitative research design was used to achieve the research objectives. The study employs in-depth Interviews with 72 participants from different higher education instructions in Bahrain Company to collect the required data for this research effort. The open-ended qualitative questions have enabled participants to provide supplementary evidence around cultural intelligence and were valid for interpretation. This study provides an understanding of how individuals perform in multicultural environments, which can be helpful to managers in formulating new motivational strategies to enhance employee performance in higher education. The results show significant characteristics that predict employees ability to function effectively in a multicultural work environment. These findings have implications for different higher education instructions in Bahrain and other companies looking for survival and growth in the global marketplace. Given the research findings, senior leaders of additional higher education instructions in Bahrain should prioritize CQ, define and develop its goals, and value employees with high CQ to improve organizational performance in international assignments

An investigation of the post-Privatization Companies’ Financial and Operating Performance: Further Evidence based on an Emerging Economy Data

During the past four decades, privatization of state owned enterprises (SOEs) has become an essential phenomenon in both developed and developing countries. Although several studies have offered some evidence for developing countries, the Middle East experience has remained unexplored. This study tries to fill this gap by extending the literature on developing countries to the specific context of the Middle East region in general, and Egypt in particular. An attempt is also made to assess whether privatization in Egypt has achieved its objectives in terms of improved financial and operating performance following the privatization programme. Egypt is the focus of the study due to its vast privatization experience as compared with other countries. In the early 1990s Egypt–as an emerging economy-introduced a series of major economic reforms.  A key element of these reforms involved the privatization of state owned enterprises and this paper compares the pre- and post-privatization financial and operating performance of 60 Egyptian companies that had been privatized by 2017.  Our results reveal that when performance in the 3 years following privatization is compared with performance in the 3 years prior to privatization then overall there is clear evidence of increases in real sales, profitability, operating efficiency, capital investment and dividend payments and decreases in debt levels and employment levels

Implementing Green Human Resources Management to Promote Sustainability Development: Application from Telecommunication Companies in Kingdom of Bahrain

Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) has increasing attention because of the environmental management and development matters. Also, sustainable Green Human Resource Management has gained its unique position in the field of research. The purpose of this study is to discover if the GHRM is applied in the telecommunication companies in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The study distributed 620 survey forms to a random sample of employees working in the human resources of 3 telecommunication companies, namely, Zain, STC and Batelco. While, only 580 forms received and found valid for analysis. The results of the study concluded that the Bahraini telecommunication companies do not have an environmental management system. In addition, the study proved their interest in the application of environmental management practices. The findings also demonstrated that there is a significantly increase in the adaptation of sustainable green human resource management practices