Effect of diabetes index on periodontal disease in Korean adults

Background: It is known that diabetes can cause complications in various organs and affect oral health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral health and diabetes mellitus among Korean adults. Materials and methods: The study was conducted by the National Institute of Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015), produced by the Korea Centers for Disease Prevention and Control. A total of 4,780 patients took part in the survey of which 554 were diabetic patients. Descriptive statistics were used to identify the periodontal disease status of non-diabetics and people with diabetes mellitus, and multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the effect of diabetes index on periodontal disease status. Results: Normal people showed better periodontal disease and oral care status than diabetic patients. However, all three diabetic factors (glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, insulin) had no statistically significant influence on periodontal disease. Conclusions: The increase in the diabetic index may have a negative effect on various periodontal diseases, which may ultimately lead to poor oral hygiene and cause disease. Therefore, diverse studies on the diabetic index and periodontal disease are needed, and it is necessary to address the dental hygiene health of Korean adults through early education and campaigns to improve oral health. [Ethiop.J. Health Dev. 2020;34(Special issue-3):78-83] Keywords: Diabetes index, periodontal disease, oral health, Korean adult

Association Serum Lipid Levels with Periodontal Disease in Korean Adults Over the Age of 50: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2016-2018

PURPOSE Although the prevalence of periodontal disease in adults over the age of 50 is rapidly increasing, the association between serum lipid levels and periodontal disease in Korean adults over the age of 50 still remains to investigate. Thus, the aim was to determine the effect of serum lipid levels on periodontal disease in older adults over the age of 50 using data from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. METHODS The study used the data of 809 adults aged ≥50 years targeted in the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2016–2018. Levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density- lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol), and low density-lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol) and periodontal conditions were measured. Complex-sample chi square test and linear regression were used to analyze the relationship serum lipid levels with periodontal disease. RESULTS The results of chi square tests showed that the prevalence of periodontal disease among the elderly ≥50 years were statistically significant differences according to gender, age, education level, marital status, and smoking status. After adjusting for all confounding factors, HDL-cholesterol alleviated periodontal disease, while LDL-cholesterol exacerbates periodontal disease. However, total cholesterol and triglycerides were not connected with periodontal disease. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, controlling HDL and LDL cholesterol levels through physical exercise could be a preventative measure for periodontal disease

Effects of Resistance Training on C-Reactive Protein and Inflammatory Cytokines in Elderly Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Chronic low-grade inflammation that accompanies aging is associated with adverse health outcomes and may exacerbate the severity of infectious disease such as COVID-19. Resistance training (RT) has the potential to improve chronic low-grade inflammation, but the evidence remains inconclusive. This study evaluated the effects of RT on chronic low-grade inflammation in elderly adults. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, RISS, NDSL, and KoreaMed were searched. We included studies that assessed the effect of RT on C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in those aged ≥60 years. The effect size was estimated using fixed or random-effects models. Subgroup analysis was performed regarding age, health status, training method, number of exercises, intensity, weekly frequency, and duration. In the 18 randomized controlled trials (539 patients) included, RT was effective in alleviating CRP (effect size = −0.72, 95% confidence interval = −1.06 to −0.38, p < 0.001), IL-10 (−3.34, −6.16 to −0.53, p = 0.02), and TNF-α (−0.56, −1.08 to −0.03, p = 0.04) in elderly adults and tended to reduce IL-6 (−0.59, −1.18 to 0.00, p = 0.05). Subgroup analyses showed CRP reduction regardless of age, training method, number of exercises, intensity, weekly frequency, and duration. RT can be used to ameliorate chronic low-grade inflammation in elderly adults

유아의 구강건강관리를 위한 어머니의 구강건강관리 인식과 구강보건지식과의 관계 Relation with Mothers of Oral Health Knowledge and Practice for Infants Oral Health Management

Abstract This study examined the relationship between the oral health knowledge of infants and the oral health management of their mothers. The participants were 198 mothers living in D city. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients with the SPSS/PC 20.0 program. The results revealed oral health to be a serious problem, and that a visit to a dentist regularly is important. The relationship between the oral health awareness and the confidence that can keep cavities from children did not show significant progress on any topic. A relationship was observed between oral health knowledge and confidence in children who visit a dentist once a year, and a negative correlation between the first visit times and the effects of fluoride on the teeth. The relationship between oral health awareness and mothers' confidence when their children felt a toothache was better when they visited a dental clinic and their knowledge about infant food and beverages without sugar improved. The results of this study can be used to improve the program for the mother's oral health knowledge and effective management in children's education