Metabolic Profiling in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis) Cultivars Reveals that Glucosinolate Content Is Correlated with Carotenoid Content

A total of 38 bioactive compounds, including glucosinolates, carotenoids, tocopherols, sterols, and policosanols, were characterized from nine varieties of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis) to determine their phytochemical diversity and analyze their abundance relationships. The metabolite profiles were evaluated with principal component analysis (PCA), Pearson correlation analysis, and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). PCA and HCA identified two distinct varieties of Chinese cabbage (Cheonsangcheonha and Waldongcheonha) with higher levels of glucosinolates and carotenoids. Pairwise comparisons of the 38 metabolites were calculated using Pearson correlation coefficients. The HCA, which used the correlation coefficients, clustered metabolites that are derived from closely related biochemical pathways. Significant correlations were discovered between chlorophyll and carotenoids. Additionally, aliphatic glucosinolate and carotenoid levels were positively correlated. The Cheonsangcheonha and Waldongcheonha varieties appear to be good candidates for breeding because they have high glucosinolate and carotenoid levels

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Persistent asthma phenotype related with late-onset, high atopy, and low socioeconomic status in school-aged Korean children

Tree analysis using latent class analysis in four asthma phenotypes. Definition of abbreviations: BHR methacholine PC20 < 8 mg/ml. (TIF 736 kb

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Modification of additive effect between vitamins and ETS on childhood asthma risk according to GSTP1 polymorphism : a cross -sectional study

Characteristics of the study population and subjects not included in the current analysis (DOC 43 kb

Comparison of indoor environmental factors between the16 children with children’s interstitial lung diseases and their 47 matched control.

a<p>Variables in the previous 1 year.</p>*<p><i>P</i><0.05.</p

Case ascertainment criteria.

<p>(A) Chest radiography showing diffuse, ill-defined ground-glass opacities and several ill-defined small nodular opacities in both lungs (in the 4 weeks after respiratory symptoms started). (B) Chest computed tomography showing diffuse centrilobular nodules in both lungs, with ground-glass opacities suggestive of peribronchiolar fibrosis (in the 4 weeks after respiratory symptoms started). (C) The most striking histological feature, interstitial thickening and fibrosis with a centrilobular distribution and relative sparing of the subpleural parenchyma (upper one-third). Original magnification ×40. (D) Interstitial fibroblasts proliferating in a pale myxoid stroma (arrows) and collapsed alveolar spaces lined by activated pneumocytes (arrowhead). Original magnification ×200.</p

Comparison of outdoor environmental factors between the16 children with children’s interstitial lung diseases and their 47 matched controls.

a<p>Variables in the previous 1 year.</p

Univariate analysis of the association between the use of a humidifier disinfectant and the risk of children’s interstitial lung diseases in 1∶3 matched case and control.

a<p>Variables in the previous 1 year.</p>b<p>Univariate analysis; conditional logistic regression analysis.</p>c<p>Immune-suppressive therapy, general anaesthesia, transfusion, admission within 6 months, and prior use of antibiotics within 1 month.</p>d<p>The occurrence of any of the following in the previous 6 months: autoimmune disease, chronic liver disease, chronic renal insufficiency, neurologic diseases with immobility, congenital heart disease, chronic lung disease, diabetes.</p>e<p>Garbage incinerator, sewage treatment plants, factory, chemical treatment area, plants, farm/orchard, cattle shed/pigsty, and power station.</p