Mode-Dependent Loss Model for Multimode Photon-Subtracted States

Multimode photon-subtraction provides an experimentally feasible option to construct large non-Gaussian quantum states in continuous-variable quantum optics. The non-Gaussian features of the state can lead towards the more exotic aspects of quantum theory, such as negativity of the Wigner function. However, the pay-off for states with such delicate quantum properties is their sensitivity to decoherence. In this paper, we present a general model that treats the most important source of decoherence in a purely optical setting: losses. We use the framework of open quantum systems and master equations to describe losses in n-photon-subtracted multimode states, where each photon can be subtracted in an arbitrary mode. As a main result, we find that mode-dependent losses and photon-subtraction generally do not commute. In particular, the losses do not only reduce the purity of the state, they also change the modal structure of its non-Gaussian features. We then conduct a detailed study of single-photon subtraction from a multimode Gaussian state, which is a setting that lies within the reach of present-day experiments.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figure

Terahertz quantum plasmonics at nanoscales and angstrom scales

Through the manipulation of metallic structures, light-matter interaction can enter into the realm of quantum mechanics. For example, intense terahertz pulses illuminating a metallic nanotip can promote terahertz field-driven electron tunneling to generate enormous electron emission currents in a subpicosecond time scale. By decreasing the dimension of the metallic structures down to the nanoscale and angstrom scale, one can obtain a strong field enhancement of the incoming terahertz field to achieve atomic field strength of the order of V/nm, driving electrons in the metal into tunneling regime by overcoming the potential barrier. Therefore, designing and optimizing the metal structure for high field enhancement are an essential step for studying the quantum phenomena with terahertz light. In this review, we present several types of metallic structures that can enhance the coupling of incoming terahertz pulses with the metals, leading to a strong modification of the potential barriers by the terahertz electric fields. Extreme nonlinear responses are expected, providing opportunities for the terahertz light for the strong light-matter interaction. Starting from a brief review about the terahertz field enhancement on the metallic structures, a few examples including metallic tips, dipole antenna, and metal nanogaps are introduced for boosting the quantum phenomena. The emerging techniques to control the electron tunneling driven by the terahertz pulse have a direct impact on the ultrafast science and on the realization of next-generation quantum devices

Reversing the Weak Quantum Measurement for a Photonic Qubit

We demonstrate the conditional reversal of a weak (partial-collapse) quantum measurement on a photonic qubit. The weak quantum measurement causes a nonunitary transformation of a qubit which is subsequently reversed to the original state after a successful reversing operation. Both the weak measurement and the reversal operation are implemented linear optically. The state recovery fidelity, determined by quantum process tomography, is shown to be over 94% for partial-collapse strength up to 0.9. We also experimentally study information gain due to the weak measurement and discuss the role of the reversing operation as an information erasure

Receptor Interacting Protein 3 is Required for Arsenite-mediated Necroptosis

Arsenic compounds such as sodium arsenite (SA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) are toxic to human. Primarily, we pursued to outline the cell death modes caused by arsenic compounds and to address what proteins would be responsible for arsenite-induced cytotoxicity. Both SA and ATO substantially exhibited cytotoxic activity in L929 cells. Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) treatment significantly protected cell death mediated by arsenic compounds, suggesting that cells are committed to die in a programmed necrotic way. A geldanamycin analog DMAG destabilized receptor interacting protein 3 (RIP3) and concomitantly protected cells from SA toxicity. Using interfering RNAs, we eventually found that RIP3 was responsible for its antagonizing effects on SA. Therefore, it is proposed that arsenic compounds execute necroptotic cell death of L929 via a RIP3 dependent pathway

The relationships between managerial metacognition, total quality management, and a firm\u27s sustainable competitive advantages: An empirical investigation based on structural equation modeling analysis

The purpose of this study is to explore how managerial metacognition has an influence on the effective implementation of total quality management (TQM) and the creation of a firm’s sustainable competitive advantages (P) by using the lens of Resource-Based View (RBV). In particular, this study conceptualized the existing TQM framework by two sub-constructs, technical quality management (TQ) and behavioral quality management (BQ) practices, and newly proposed the sequential relationship of \u27TQ→BQ→P\u27 based on the premise of the RBV. In addition, through post-hoc analysis, this study tested the mediation effect of a firm\u27s TQ practices on the relationship between managerial metacognition and their BQ implementation. An online survey method was adopted to collect a primary data for this study, and a total of 235 viable samples were obtained from quality managers working in the U.S.-based firms. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was first conducted in order to examine the validation of the measurement models, and then structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was performed to test the hypothesized research model by using AMOS 22. The test results show that a significant positive association between managerial metacognition and a firm\u27s quality practices, suggesting that a better effective TQM implementation could eventuate in a firm when they have a higher level of metacognitive ability. The study results also reveal that \u27TQ→BQ→P\u27 is a statistically more robust structure than \u27BQ→TQ→P\u27, implying that a firm\u27s BQ is a more critical strategic resource for generating a firm’s sustainable competitive advantages than is TQ. Furthermore, the test results of post hoc analysis demonstrate that a firm\u27s TQ-related tools and techniques have a role as an indispensable vehicle in materializing the positive influence of managerial metacognition on BQ implementation