Dispersion of atmospheric aerosol at few thusands meter height in the presence of land and sea breeze-a numerical simulation

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科Promoting Environmental Pesearch in Pan-Japan Sea Area : Young Researchers\u27 Network, Schedule: March 8-10,2006,Kanazawa Excel Hotel Tokyu, Japan, Organized by: Kanazawa University 21st-Century COE Program, Environmental Monitoring and Prediction of Long- & Short- Term Dynamics of Pan-Japan Sea Area ; IICRC(Ishikawa International Cooperation Research Centre), Sponsors : Japan Sea Research ; UNU-IAS(United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies)+Ishikawa Prefecture Government ; City of Kanazaw

Non-Surgical Management of Bile Leakage After Hepatectomy: A Single-Center Study

【Background】 Bile leakage after hepatectomy is a common complication. The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the usefulness of non-surgical management of bile leakage after hepatectomy, using 12-year data from a single center study. 【Methods】 Data from 15 patients (13 men, two women; mean age 67.1 ± 7.0 years) who had undergone nonsurgical management for bile leakage between January 2005 and November 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. 【Results】 We categorized bile leakage as central (n = 5) or peripheral (n = 10) leakage based on communication with the biliary tree. Percutaneous bile leakage drainage and/or endoscopic naso-biliary drainage (ENBD) (n = 2) or the rendezvous technique (n = 3) was successfully performed in five central-type cases, while all peripheral-type cases were treated with drainage alone; only one case required additional ethanol ablation. Bacterial bile cultures were positive in 11 cases and negative in four cases. The drainage catheters were removed after complete resolution in 13 cases (86.7%), while two patients with cases of peripheral-type leakage died due to cancer progression while the drain was in place. No case needed conversion to reoperation. The mean duration of drainage therapy in all cases was 210.1 ± 163.0 days (range 17?531 days), with 316.8 ± 180.8 days in the central type and 156.7 ± 131.5 days in the peripheral type; this duration was not significantly different (P = 0.129). 【Conclusion】 Non-surgical treatment is a minimally　invasive and effective management strategy for postoperative bile leakage and the modality used depends on the type of bile leakage encountered

Monitoring Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Progression According to Reactive Oxygen Metabolite Derivative Levels

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the development, proliferation, and metastasis of colorectal cancer, but few studies have considered how oxidative stress changes in relation to treatment response. In this study, we investigated whether the rate of change in reactive oxygen metabolite derivatives (d-ROM)—serum markers of oxidative stress—could predict treatment response in metastatic colorectal cancer. We enrolled 53 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who were treated with 3 months of chemotherapy. We measured d-ROM levels and performed computed tomography before and after chemotherapy, and we examined the change in d-ROM levels for each anticancer treatment. Factors influencing the d-ROM ratio (post-treatment: pre-treatment levels) were examined using linear regression analysis. d-ROM levels decreased in patients showing a partial response (p p = 0.042). An increasing d-ROM ratio was associated with disease progression (regression coefficient: 0.416, 95% confidence interval: 0.279–0.555, p < 0.001). Our study indicates that d-ROM levels are useful markers of tumor progression and that the d-ROM ratio is useful for predicting treatment response in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer

No auxiliary, no byproduct strategy for water-soluble prodrugs of taxoids: Scope and limitation of O-N intramolecular acyl and acyloxy migration reactions

Since numerous new taxoids active against multidrug resistant (MDR) tumors have been developed and their poor water-solubility is a very real problem in intravenous administration, we have designed and synthesized a series of novel water-soluble taxoid prodrugs (isotaxoids). These prodrugs, a 2'-O-isoform of taxoids, showed promising results with higher water solubility (0.8- 1.1 mg/mL) and proper kinetics for parent drug release by a simple pH-dependent chemical mechanism via O-N intramolecular acyl migration. No additional functional auxiliaries are released during the conversion to parent drugs, which would be an advantage in toxicology and general pharmacology, and the cost for the evaluations of auxiliary units in these fields could be saved in prodrug development. In addition, we demonstrate for the first time the successful application of the O-N intramolecular acyloxy migration reaction in the prodrug design, with the exception of the tert-butyloxycarbonyl group, and that this reaction can be provided with no organic solvent and no side products