Safety and preventive effects of rivaroxaban and low-molecular-weight heparin on deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity after total hip arthroplasty

734-737Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication of skeletal surgery, which can cause disability and death in severe cases. Here, we have compared the preventive effects of rivaroxaban and low molecular weight heparin on DVT of lower extremity after total hip arthroplasty and the safety. A total of 310 patients who received total hip arthroplasty from May 2014 to June 2016 were divided into a rivaroxaban group (n=153) and a low molecular weight heparin group (n=157). The rivaroxaban group was orally administered with rivaroxaban (10 mg, qd) 12 h after surgery for 30 consecutive days, and the other group was subcutaneously injected with low molecular weight heparin calcium injection (0.6 mL, ad) for 7 consecutive days. The incidence rate of lower extremity DVT, drainage blood volume, hemoglobin decline, as well as preoperative and postoperative 7-d prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), platelet (PLT) count and D-dimer level of the two groups were compared. The two groups had similar incidence rates of lower extremity DVT, drainage blood volumes and extents of hemoglobin decline (P >0.05). There were no significant differences in the preoperative and postoperative 7-d PT, APTT, PLT counts and D-dimer levels between the two groups (P >0.05). Rivaroxaban and low molecular weight heparin show comparable preventive effects on lower extremity DVT after total hip arthroplasty. Results suggest that rivaroxaban is superior than the low molecular weight heparin in terms of convenient use (oral administration), good compliance and absence of dose adjustment. Keywords: Rivaroxaban, Heparin, Venous thrombosis, Total hi

A Method of Noise Reduction for Radio Communication Signal Based on RaGAN

Radio signals are polluted by noise in the process of channel transmission, which will lead to signal distortion. Noise reduction of radio signals is an effective means to eliminate the impact of noise. Using deep learning (DL) to denoise signals can reduce the dependence on artificial domain knowledge, while traditional signal-processing-based denoising methods often require knowledge of the artificial domain. Aiming at the problem of noise reduction of radio communication signals, a radio communication signal denoising method based on the relativistic average generative adversarial networks (RaGAN) is proposed in this paper. This method combines the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) model, which is good at processing time-series data with RaGAN, and uses the weighted loss function to construct a noise reduction model suitable for radio communication signals, which realizes the end-to-end denoising of radio signals. The experimental results show that, compared with the existing methods, the proposed algorithm has significantly improved the noise reduction effect. In the case of a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the signal modulation recognition accuracy is improved by about 10% after noise reduction

New insights into the origin of hysteresis behavior in perovskite solar cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received tremendous attention due to their stunning progress in photovoltaic performance. The hysteresis behavior, however, is one of the major concerning issues accompanying the development of PSCs. In this context, we propose a new mechanism that explains the origin of hysteresis behavior by analyzing the electrical processes after changing the external electrical bias: the compensating electric field to the scanning voltage induced by drifting carriers. This is further verified by experiments, where we observed much reduced hysteresis in the current density–voltage (J–V) characteristics for the PSCs based on a thinner perovskite layer, which is a result of more evenly distributed electrons and holes. Moreover, light illumination with different wavelengths was applied to vary the initial carrier distribution inside the perovskite layer. We found that J–V curves when illuminating the device with longer wavelengths exhibited diminished hysteresis, which could be a result of more evenly generated carriers due to a smaller absorptivity than that with short wavelength illumination. Based on the proposed model, three key factors affecting the hysteresis behavior were pointed out, including the initial carrier distribution, the carrier transport properties in the perovskite layer, and the carrier extraction properties at the interfaces. Strategies to construct hysteresis-free and stable PSCs have thus been accordingly proposed.We express gratitude to the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 51772166), the Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges NSFC (51561145007), the Ministry of Science & Technology, P. R. China: Sino-Italy International Cooperation on Innovation (2016YFE0104000) and the National Energy Novel Materials Center (NENMC-II-1705) for their financial support

Solution-processed Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 as Efficient Hole Extraction Layer for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

The hole extraction layer (HEL) plays a critical role in determining the charge extraction in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) besides affecting the perovskite crystallization. Herein, we demonstrate efficient inverted perovskite solar cells based on solution-processed kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) as the HEL for the first time. We achieved CZTS HEL with desired phase purity and optimal film coverage by optimizing the spin-coating process. Moreover, photoluminescence (PL) studies indicate that the CZTS HEL developed in this work provides superior hole extraction in comparison with the widely reported NiOx. This ultimately results in a respectable power conversion efficiency of 13.75% for the proof-of-concept device, reaching a level that is comparable to that of the NiOx-based device. Solution-processed kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) was successfully incorporated into inverted perovskite solar cells as efficient hole extraction layer for the first time. By optimizing the sintering and spin-coating process, CZTS with desired phase purity and film coverage was achieved, leading to an optimal power conversion efficiency of 13.75% for the proof-of-concept device

Organelle proteomic profiling reveals lysosomal heterogeneity in association with longevity

Lysosomes are active sites to integrate cellular metabolism and signal transduction. A collection of proteins associated with the lysosome mediate these metabolic and signaling functions. Both lysosomal metabolism and lysosomal signaling have been linked to longevity regulation; however, how lysosomes adjust their protein composition to accommodate this regulation remains unclear. Using deep proteomic profiling, we systemically profiled lysosome-associated proteins linked with four different longevity mechanisms. We discovered the lysosomal recruitment of AMP-activated protein kinase and nucleoporin proteins and their requirements for longevity in response to increased lysosomal lipolysis. Through comparative proteomic analyses of lysosomes from different tissues and labeled with different markers, we further elucidated lysosomal heterogeneity across tissues as well as the increased enrichment of the Ragulator complex on Cystinosin-positive lysosomes. Together, this work uncovers lysosomal proteome heterogeneity across multiple scales and provides resources for understanding the contribution of lysosomal protein dynamics to signal transduction, organelle crosstalk, and organism longevity