Additional file 1: of Dysregulated heme oxygenase-1low M2-like macrophages augment lupus nephritis via Bach1 induced by type I interferons

Table S1. Primer sequences used for qRT-PCR. Figure S1. Numbers of CD68, CD163, HO-1 positive cells in the glomerulus of lupus nephritis patients (ClassI or II). Figure S2. Numbers of CD68, CD163, HO-1 positive cells in the extra-glomerulus of lupus nephritis patients. Figure S3. HO-1 mRNA expression in M1 and M2 Mϕ stimulated with various regents. Figure S4. Genomic background of congenic mice. Figure S5. Genotyping of Bach1 knockout mice. (DOCX 953 kb

On-demand ultrasonography assessment in the most symptomatic joint supports the 8-joint score system for management of rheumatoid arthritis patients

<p><i>Objectives</i>: To investigate whether on-demand ultrasonography (US) assessment alongside a routine examination is useful in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: US was performed in eight (bilateral MCP 2, 3, wrist and knee) joints as the routine in a cumulative total of 406 RA patients. The most symptomatic joint other than the routine joints was additionally scanned. Power Doppler (PD) and gray-scale images were scored semiquantitatively. Eight-joint scores were calculated as the sum of individual scores for the routine joints.</p> <p><i>Results</i>: The most symptomatic joint was found among the routine joints in 209 patients (Group A) and in other joints in 148 (Group B). The PD scores of the most symptomatic joint correlated well with the 8-joint scores in Group A (r_s = 0.66), but not in Group B (r_s = 0.33). The sensitivity and specificity of assessment of the most symptomatic joint for routine assessment positivity were high (84.0% and 100%, respectively) in Group A, but low (50.0% and 61.8%, respectively) in Group B. Additional examination detected synovitis in 38% of Group B with negative results in the routine.</p> <p><i>Conclusions</i>: On-demand US assessment in the most symptomatic joint, combined with the routine assessment, is useful for detecting RA synovitis.</p

¹⁸F-FDG and ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT demonstrate coupling of inflammation and accelerated bone turnover in rheumatoid arthritis

<p><i>Objective.</i> To compare the findings in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-affected joints between ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and ¹⁸F-fluoride (NaF) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT).</p> <p><i>Methods.</i> We enrolled twelve RA patients who started a new biologic agent (naïve 9 and switch 3). At entry, both hands were examined by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT, ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT, and X-ray. Intensity of PET signals was determined by standardized uptake value max (SUVmax) in metacarpophalangeal (MCP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), and ulnar, medial, and radial regions of the wrists. Hand X-rays were evaluated according to the Genant-modified Sharp score at baseline and 6 months.</p> <p><i>Results.</i> Both ¹⁸F-FDG and ¹⁸F-NaF accumulated in RA-affected joints. The SUVmax of ¹⁸F-FDG correlated with that of ¹⁸F-NaF in individual joints (<i>r</i> = 0.65), though detail distribution was different between two tracers. ¹⁸F-NaF and ¹⁸F-FDG signals were mainly located in the bone and the surrounding soft tissues, respectively. The sum of SUVmax of ¹⁸F-NaF correlated with disease activity score in 28 joint (DAS28), modified health assessment questionnaire (MHAQ), and radiographic progression. ¹⁸F-FDG and ¹⁸F-NaF signals were associated with the presence of erosions, particularly progressive ones.</p> <p><i>Conclusion.</i> Our data show that both ¹⁸F-FDG and ¹⁸F-NaF PET signals were associated with RA-affected joints, especially those with ongoing erosive changes.</p

Additional file 2: Table S2. of Continuous evolution of clinical phenotype in 578 Japanese patients with Behçet’s disease: a retrospective observational study

Phenotype of patients with BD treated with biologic agents. (DOC 29 kb

Additional file 3: Table S3. of Continuous evolution of clinical phenotype in 578 Japanese patients with Behçet’s disease: a retrospective observational study

Rate of therapeutic agents use in groups with different date of onset. (DOC 31 kb

Additional file 2: Table S2. of The predictive prognostic factors for polymyositis/dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease

Comparison of demographic data among each PM/DM subtype in PM/DM-ILD patients. (PDF 102 kb