Table_1_Predictive factors of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination series completion: a one-year longitudinal web-based observational study in Japan.DOCX

IntroductionAddresing vaccine hesitancy is considered an important goal in management of the COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to understand what factors influenced people, especially those initially hesitant, to receive two or more vaccine doses within a year of the vaccine’s release.MethodsWe conducted longitudinal Web-based observational studies of 3,870 individuals. The surveys were conducted at four different time points: January 2021, June 2021, September 2021, and December 2021. In the baseline survey (January 2021), we assessed vaccination intention (i.e., “strongly agree” or “agree” [acceptance], “neutral” [not sure], and “disagree” or “strongly disagree” [hesitance]), and assumptions about coronavirus disease (COVID-19), COVID-19 vaccine, COVID-19-related health preventive behavior, and COVID-19 vaccine reliability. In subsequent surveys (December 2021), we assessed vaccination completion (i.e., ≥2 vaccinations). To investigate the relationship between predictors of COVID-19 vaccination completion, a multivariable logistic regression model was applied. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated while adjusting for gender, age, marital status, presence of children, household income category, and presence of diseases under treatment. In a stratified analysis, predictors were determined based on vaccination intention.ResultsApproximately 96, 87, and 72% of those who demonstrated acceptance, were not sure, or hesitated had been vaccinated after 1 year, respectively. Overall, significant factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine compliance included the influence of others close to the index participant (social norms) (AOR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.56–2.08; p DiscussionWe found that dissemination of accurate information about vaccines and a reduction in structural barriers to the extent possible enhanced vaccination rates. Once the need for vaccination becomes widespread, it becomes a social norm, and further improvements in these rates can then be anticipated. Our findings may help enhance vaccine uptake in the future.</p

Clinical characteristics in patients with newly diagnosed ulcerative colitis (N = 126).^*

<p>SD, standard deviation.</p><p>^*Data expressed as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.</p><p>Clinical characteristics in patients with newly diagnosed ulcerative colitis (N = 126).^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0110270#nt102" target="_blank">*</a>}</p

Characteristics of the 126 cases and 170 controls.

<p>SD, standard deviation.</p><p>^*Data expressed as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.</p>†<p>The χ² test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test were employed where appropriate.</p>§<p>Nutrient intake was adjusted for total energy intake using the density method.</p><p>Characteristics of the 126 cases and 170 controls.</p

Odds ratios of isoflavone intake for development of ulcerative colitis, stratified by gender.

<p>OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p><p>^*Adjusted for age, body mass index, history of appendicitis, family history of ulcerative colitis, smoking and alcohol drinking status.</p>†<p>Further adjusted for menopausal status and use of exogenous female hormones.</p><p>Odds ratios of isoflavone intake for development of ulcerative colitis, stratified by gender.</p

Odds ratios of soy product intake and isoflavone intake for development of ulcerative colitis.

<p>OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p><p>^*Tertiles were based on intake in g/4184 kJ or mg/4184 kJ adjusted for energy intake using the density method.</p>†<p>Adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, history of appendicitis, family history of ulcerative colitis, smoking and alcohol drinking status.</p><p>Odds ratios of soy product intake and isoflavone intake for development of ulcerative colitis.</p

The association between consumption of selected beverages and ALT reduction of 20 IU/L or more during 12 months of follow-up among patients with higher ALT level at baseline (N=147).

<p>Model includes: sex, age (≤61, 62-69, 70+ years), body mass index (≤20, 21-23, 24+ kg/m²), smoking status (never/former, current), alcohol drinking status (never/former, current), diabetes mellitus, platelet count (<10 ×10⁴/μL ) and other beverages in table except decaffeinated coffee.</p

Baseline characteristics of study subjects according to filtered coffee consumption.

<p><i>P</i> values of characteristics between categories of filtered coffee consumption were calculated by analysis of chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test.</p><p>SD, standard deviation; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index</p><p>^* 182 patients among the normal ALT group and 107 patients among the higher ALT group were analyzed; the duration of HCV infection could not be calculated in 87 patients due to lack of information.</p

The association between consumption of selected beverages and normal ALT level (≤45 IU/L) during 12 months of follow-up among patients with normal ALT level at baseline (N=229).

<p>Model includes: sex, age (≤61, 62-70, 71+ years), body mass index (≤20, 21-23.4, 23.5+ kg/m2), smoking status (never/former, current), alcohol drinking status (never/former, current), diabetes mellitus, platelet count (<10 ×104/μL) and other beverages in the table.</p

Baseline characteristics of the study subjects and beverages consumption according to baseline ALT levels.

<p><i>P</i> values of characteristics and beverages consumption between categories of baseline ALT levels were calculated by analysis of chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test.</p><p>SD, standard deviation; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index</p><p>^* 182 patients among the normal ALT group and 107 patients among the higher ALT group were analyzed; the duration of HCV infection could not be calculated in 87 patients due to lack of information.</p

Baseline characteristics of study subjects according to green tea consumption.

<p><i>P</i> values of characteristics between categories of green tea consumption were calculated by analysis of chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test.</p><p>SD, standard deviation; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index</p><p>^* 182 patients among the normal ALT group and 107 patients among the higher ALT group were analyzed; the duration of HCV infection could not be calculated in 87 patients due to lack of information.</p