日本におけるがんサバイバー就労者の日常生活自立度、主観的健康感及び心理社会的特徴

藤田保健衛生大

Effect of cornin on nucleic acid synthesis during early development in sea urchin eggs

The present investigation was carried out to see effects of muscle cornin, an alcoholic fiaction of boiling-water extract from rabbit skeletal muscle, on the nucleic acid synthesis in the early development of Pseudocentrotus depressus. In this study, the author used the assay method of our own device by which we can estimate the incorporation into whole cell simultaneously that into nucleic acid fraction, with one and the same specimen. The results of the observations are briefly summarized as follows. 1) Cornin accelerated the incorporation of 3H-uridine into whole cell by 10-20 %. 3H-thymine, 3H-thymidine and 3H-uracil all inhibited such incorporation. 2) As to the incorporation into the RNA, it was retarded in the course of phosphorylation at the synthetic stage. 3) In the incorporation into DNA, since the incorporation is inhibited by about 2/3 at the synthetic stage, it seems that the polymerization is inhibited. 4) This inhibition of the DNA synthesis was also substantiated by the autoradiography with tritiated thymidine. Some coments were made on the operation of the nucleic acid synthesis, the specific protein structure during the early development of sea urchin egg, and effects of cornin on these as well as on the other intrinsic substances.</p

ゲノム・プロテオーム解析を用いたCOVID-19および心血管代謝疾患の創薬標的同定

京都大学新制・課程博士博士(ゲノム医学)甲第25211号医博JD第3号京都大学大学院医学研究科ゲノム医学国際連携専攻(主査)教授 村川 泰裕, 教授 平井 豊博, 教授 William Foulkes (ﾏｷﾞﾙ大学), 准教授 George Thanassoulis (ﾏｷﾞﾙ大学), 教授 Krzysztof Kiryluk (ｺﾛﾝﾋﾞｱ大学)学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Philosophy in Human GeneticsKyoto UniversityDFA

直接的レニン阻害薬であるアリスキレンはラットモデルにおいて非アルコール性脂肪肝炎の進行を抑制する

AIM: Renin is a rate-limiting enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), and several reports have shown that renin plays an important role in several pathological processes. Although RAS is known to play a pivotal role in the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the role of renin is still obscure. The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of the clinically used direct renin inhibitor (DRI), aliskiren, on the progression of NASH in a rat model. METHODS: The effects of DRI on the choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet-induced rat NASH model was examined in conjunction with the activated hepatic stellate cells (Ac-HSC) and neovascularization, both of which are known to play important roles in liver fibrosis development and hepatocarcinogenesis, respectively. RESULTS: DRI exerted a marked inhibitory effect against liver fibrosis development and glutathione-S-transferase placental form (GST-P) positive preneoplastic lesions along with suppression of the Ac-HSC and neovascularization in a dose-dependent manner. DRI also inhibited the hepatic expressions of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), angiotensin-II (AT-II) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These results indicated that renin played a pivotal role in the liver fibrosis development and hepatocarcinogenesis of NASH. CONCLUSION: Because DRI is already widely used in the clinical practice with safety, this drug may represent a potential new strategy against the progression of NASH in the future.博士（医学）・甲612号・平成26年3月17

ジペプチジルペプチターゼ4阻害剤（シタグリプチン）およびアンギオテンシンⅡ1型受容体遮断薬（ロサルタン）の併用療法は非糖尿病ラットモデルにおける非アルコール性脂肪肝炎の進行を抑制する

AIM: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors (DPP4-I) are oral glucose-lowering drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Previously, we reported that DPP4-I (sitagliptin) exerted suppressive effects on experimental liver fibrosis in rats. Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system by angiotensin-II type 1 receptor blocker (losartan), commonly used in the management of hypertension, has been shown to significantly alleviate hepatic fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis. We aimed to elucidate the effects and possible mechanisms of a sitagliptin + losartan combination on the progression of non-diabetic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in a rat model. METHODS: To induce NASH, Fischer 344 rats were fed a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet for 12 weeks. We elucidated the chemopreventive effects of sitagliptin + losartan, especially in conjunction with hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, angiogenesis, and oxidative stress, all known to play important roles in the progression of NASH. RESULTS: Sitagliptin + losartan suppressed choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet-induced hepatic fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis. The combination treatment exerted a greater inhibitory effect than monotherapy. These inhibitory effects occurred almost concurrently with the suppression of HSC activation, neovascularization, and oxidative stress. In vitro studies showed that sitagliptin + losartan inhibited angiotensin II-induced proliferation and expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and α1 (I)-procollagen mRNA of activated HSC and in vitro angiogenesis, in parallel with the suppression observed in in vivo studies. CONCLUSIONS: The widely and safely used sitagliptin + losartan combination treatment in clinical practice could be an effective strategy against NASH.博士（医学）・乙第1406号・平成29年9月27日© 2016 The Japan Society of HepatologyCopyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Hepatology research [Epub ahead of print] (2016 Dec 28), which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hepr.12860. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving

Nanostructured Si/SiO2 Quantum Wells

The motivation for developing light-emitting devices on an indirect transition semiconductor such as silicon has been widely discussed for Si/SiO2 nanostructures. In this chapter, we report on the fabrication of Si/SiO2 quantum-confined amorphous nanostructured films and their optical properties. The Si/SiO2 nanostructures comprising amorphous Si, SiO2, and Si/SiO2 multilayers are grown using ultrahigh vacuum radio frequency magnetron sputtering. Optical absorption coefficients of the Si/SiO2 nanostructures are evaluated with regard to tentative integrated Si thicknesses. Optical energy band gaps of the Si/SiO2 multilayer films are in accordance with the effective mass theory and described as E0 = 1.61 + 0.75d−2 eV at the Si layer-integrated thicknesses ranging from 0.5 to 6 nm. Quantum confinement effects in the Si/SiO2 nanostructures are inferred from optical transmittance and reflectance spectra. The rapid-thermal-annealed Si/SiO2 multilayer films demonstrate the intensified photoluminescence at ~1.45 eV due to the formation of nanocrystalline silicon. The temperature dependence of the nanocrystalline luminescence intensity shows the nonmonotonous behavior which is interpreted invoking the Kapoor model